Modulatory effects of two levels of dietary Alliums on immune response and certain immunological variables,following immunization,in White Leghorn chickens     

Hamza HANIEH  Kiyoaki NARABARA  Mingzi PIAO  Chaogetu GERILE  Asaki ABE  Yasuhiro KONDO 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(6):673-680

This study aimed at investigating the effects of dietary Allium sativum (garlic, G) and Allium cepa (onion, O) on immune functions in White Leghorn chicken. One‐week‐old chicks, were fed diets without (control) or with Alliums (GL and OL, 10 g or GH and OH, 30 g/kg diet). Chickens were immunized with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Brucella abortus (BA). Antibodies, lymphocyte proliferation, and ratios of CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4^‐CD8^‐ lymphocytes were investigated. Histology and weights of the spleen, thymus and bursa (BF), and white blood cell (WBC) counts were studied as well. Alliums at 10 g/kg diet enhanced anti‐NDV, anti‐SRBC and anti‐BA antibody productions, whereas 30 g/kg diet had less stimulatory effects. Histology of the lymphoid organs and proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were not influenced. However, splenocyte and thymocyte proliferations were augmented with garlic. Flow cytometry analysis showed reduction in CD4⁺ and increase in CD4^‐CD8^‐ lymphocyte ratios in GH and OH groups. Garlic‐supplemented chickens had heavier spleen and thymus, and higher WBC counts, whereas BF weight increased with both Alliums at 30 g/kg diet. These results suggest that dietary Alliums have a potential to enhance the immune functions in White Leghorn chickens.  相似文献   

RFLP mapping of the three major genes, Vrn1, Q and B1, on the long arm of chromosome 5A of wheat     

Kiyoaki Kato  Hideho Miura  Masayo Akiyama  Manabu Kuroshima  Souhei Sawada 《Euphytica》1998,101(1):91-95

Chromosome 5A of wheat carries several major genes of agronomic importance, including Vrn1 controlling spring/winter wheat difference, Q determining spike morphology and B1 inhibiting awn development. A population of single-chromosome recombinant lines from the cross between two chromosome substitution lines, 'Chinese Spring' (Cappelle-Desprez 5A) and 'Chinese Spring' (Triticum spelta 5A) was developed to map these genes on the long arm of chromosome 5A relative to RFLP markers. Using 120 recombinant lines, a map of approximately 230 cM in length was constructed. The gene order was centromere– Vrn1– Q– B1. The Vrn1 locus was tightly linked to two RFLP markers, Xbcd450 and Xrz395 with 0.8 cM, and to Xpsr426 with 5.0 cM. The Vrn1-adjacent region was located in the central of the long arm, approximately 90 cM from the centromere. The chromosome region around Q and the 5A/4A translocation break-point were mapped by three RFLP markers, and their order was found to be Q– Xpsr370– Xcdo457–4A/5A break-point– Xpsr164. The B1 locus was located on the most distal portion of the long arm. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The temperature sensitive hybrid breakdown 1 induces low temperature-dependent intrasubspecific hybrid breakdown in rice     

Yuuki Yoneya  Tae Wakabayashi  Kiyoaki Kato 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):268

Hybrid breakdown (HB) is an important type of post-zygotic reproductive barrier that inhibits hybrid production during the process of cross-breeding. A novel low temperature-dependent HB was identified in a chromosomal segment substitution line (CSSL) library derived from a cross of two rice (Oryza sativa L. japonica) cultivars, Yukihikari and Kirara397. A set of weakness symptoms in a target CSSL was observed at 23°C, but was rescued at 27°C and/or 30°C. Genetic analysis of HB using an F_2:3 population of a cross between a target CSSL and Kirara397 found that a recessive temperature sensitive hybrid breakdown1 (thb1) gene from Yukihikari caused HB in the genetic background of Kirara397. Molecular mapping showed that thb1 was located within a 199-kb fragment on chromosome 6. A genetic study of F₂ populations of reciprocal crosses between Yukihikari and Kirara397 confirmed that this HB was induced by the interaction of two recessive genes. These results provide important clues to further dissect the mechanism of generation of a novel temperature sensitive HB in rice intrasubspecific crosses and suggest that these linked markers will useful in rice breeding.  相似文献   

In vivo immunomodulatory effects of dietary purple sweet potato after immunization in chicken     

Hamza HANIEH  Chaogetu GERILE  Kiyoaki NARABARA  Zhigang GU  Asaki ABE  Yasuhiro KONDO 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):116-121

This study was intended to determine the modulatory effects of dietary supplementation of purple sweet potato ( Ipomoea batats Poir., PSP) on the immune response of chickens. PSP was included in a basal starter diet by 1% (PSP^L) or 3% (PSP^H) and continually fed. Newcastle disease (NDV) vaccine, Brucella abortus (BA) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were used for chicken immunization. Antibody titers against these antigens were used to estimate humoral immunity. Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced proliferations of splenocytes, thymocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), ratios of CD4- and CD8-single positive and CD4-CD8-double negative (DN) cells in splenocytes, were both used to indicate cellular immunity. Relative weights of spleen, thymus and bursa and white blood cell (WBC) counts were studied. PSP^H increased anti-NDV ( P  < 0.05), anti-BA ( P  < 0.01) and anti-SRBC titers ( P  < 0.05) in response to secondary immunization, whereas PSP^L increased titers of anti-BA ( P  < 0.05) and anti-SRBC ( P  < 0.01). Proliferations of splenocytes and thymocytes were augmented with PSP^L ( P  < 0.05). PSP^H-treated chickens had lower ( P  < 0.05) ratios of CD4-sigle positive lymphocytes. Proliferation of PBL, weights of lymphoid organs and WBC counts were not affected. These results suggest that dietary PSP supplementation could enhance the immune response after immunization in chickens.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of genes controlling seed coat colour in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)     

Yuki Horiuchi  Hiroki Yamamoto  Reina Ogura  Naomi Shimoda  Hitoshi Sato  Kiyoaki Kato 《Euphytica》2015,206(3):609-617

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Immunomodulatory effects of Alliums and Ipomoea batata extracts on lymphocytes and macrophages functions in White Leghorn chickens: In vitro study     

Hamza HANIEH  Kiyoaki NARABARA  Yuji TANAKA  Zhigang GU  Asaki ABE  Yasuhiro KONDO 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(1):68-76

We previously described that supplementary garlic, onion and purple sweet potato (PSP) enhance humoral immune response in White Leghorn chickens. In the present in vitro study, we investigated the effects of garlic (GE), onion (OE) and PSP (PSPE) extracts on proliferation, interleukin (IL)‐2 and interferon (INF)‐γ gene expression of stimulated lymphocytes. The effects on microbicidal activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) productions of stimulated peritoneal macrophages were studied as well. The results showed that GE augmented Concanavalin A (ConA)‐induced splenocytes (4, 8 and 16 µg/mL) and thymocytes (2, 4 and 8 µg/mL) proliferations, and gene expression of IL‐2 (8 and 16 µg/mL) and INF‐γ (16 µg/mL). None of the examined extracts had mitogenic effect nor stimulated bursacytes response to phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA). Macrophages exhibited superior microbicidal activity and ROS production with GE at 4 and 8 µg/mL and with OE at 25.6 µg/mL. None of the extracts showed stimulatory effects on NO production. The extracts showed concentration‐dependent inhibitory effects on all measured parameters at higher concentrations. Taken together, it is likely that garlic has direct stimulatory effects on immune cell functions, whereas the in vitro inhibitory effects of onion and PSP were likely attributed to high flavonoid contents.  相似文献   

Identification and molecular mapping of Flowering Date1 (FD1), a major photoperiod insensitivity gene in the adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)          下载免费PDF全文

Hiroki Yamamoto  Yuki Horiuchi  Reina Ogura  Hiroaki Sakai  Hitoshi Sato  Kiyoaki Kato 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(6):714-720

The induction of flowering under long‐day conditions is an important adaptation by short‐day plants, such as adzuki beans (Vigna angularis), to high‐latitude environments. This study clarified the genetic control underlying the long‐day insensitivity of adzuki bean cultivar ‘Shumari’. ‘Shumari’ was found to be insensitive to a 16‐h day, whereas landrace Acc2265 was highly sensitive. When grown under natural long‐day conditions at Obihiro (42°9′N), Acc2265 initiated flowering at least 80 days after ‘Shumari’. When 86 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from crosses between ‘Shumari’ and Acc2265 were grown under these conditions, their flowering dates ranged from the middle of July to the end of October. The distinct bimodal distribution in the RIL population was due to a single major gene, designated Flowering Date1 (FD1). Molecular mapping showed that FD1 was located between the SSR markers Az02‐37M3 and Az02‐40M9, at distances of 6 and 10.4 cM, respectively, on linkage group 2. RILs carrying FD1^S lacked long‐day sensitivity, whereas RILs carrying FD1^A were sensitive to long‐day conditions, confirming that FD1 controls long‐day sensitivity.  相似文献   

Chemical restraint by medetomidine and medetomidine–midazolam and its reversal by atipamezole in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)     

Takako Miyabe DVM    Ryohei Nishimura DVM  PhD    Manabu Mochizuki DVM  PhD    Nobuo Sasaki DVM  PhD  Kiyoaki Mastubayashi DVM  PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2001,28(3):168-174

Objective To evaluate the sedative effects of medetomidine, and a medetomidine–midazolam combination, in Japanese macaques and the antagonism of medetomidine–midazolam with atipamezole. Study design Prospective randomized study. Animals Thirteen healthy Japanese macaques between 3 and 21 years old and weighing between 4.3 and 15.1 kg. Methods Medetomidine (120 µg kg^?1) alone or a medetomidine (30 µg kg^?1) plus midazolam (0.3 mg kg^?1) mixture were injected intramuscularly in the hind limb of 12 animals (n = 6 for each group) and their effects, particularly behavioural changes, response to external stimuli, sedative onset time, time to lateral recumbency and time in lateral recumbency, were monitored for 120 minutes. Another group (n = 7) were given medetomidine–midazolam and injected 30 minutes later with atipamezole (120 µg kg^?1). Behavioural changes and responses to external stimuli were assessed as before. Results Animals given medetomidine became sedated but could be aroused by external stimuli. Despite the lower (25%) dose of medetomidine involved, the effects of medetomidine–midazolam were more marked. Macaques given this combination became sedated in 4 ± 2 minutes (mean ± SD) and remained unresponsive to external stimuli for at least 60 minutes. Five out of six macaques became laterally recumbent for 74 ± 37 minutes. Intramuscular atipamezole effectively reversed sedation, shortening the arousal and total recovery time. The recovery from sedation was rapid and smooth, being completed 19 ± 11 minutes after antagonism. Conclusions The medetomidine–midazolam combination described provided useful chemical restraint and may prove useful in macaques undergoing some experimental, diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The use of atipamezole as an antagonist increases the value of this technique in macaques.  相似文献   

Analysis of antibody response by temperature-sensitive measles vaccine strain in the cotton rat model     

Haga T  Murayama N  Shimizu Y  Saito A  Sakamoto T  Morita T  Komase K  Nakayama T  Uchida K  Katayama T  Shinohara A  Koshimoto C  Sato H  Miyata H  Katahira K  Goto Y 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(5):395-406

Measles virus (MeV) vaccine strain, AIK-C, is temperature sensitive (ts), which is thought to be associated with attenuation of virus pathogenicity. In this study, replication and antibody response were examined in cotton rats using viruses carrying different forms of the P gene, which is responsible for the ts phenotype of strain AIK-C and its parental Edmonston strain. When cotton rats were inoculated intranasally, ts viruses neither replicated in lungs, nor reproducibly generated an antibody response. When inoculated intramusculary (i.m.), however, ts strains raised an antibody titer in all animals. This response was not observed when ultraviolet-inactivated virus was used. ts virus, inoculated i.m., was recovered from cotton rat drainage lymph nodes. These results suggest that ts virus, inoculated i.m., could replicate in the cotton rat, presumably at the superficial lymph node, and induce an antibody response. Therefore, cotton rats can serve as a small-animal model for investigating immune responses to safer ts vaccine, as well as recombinant vaccine using AIK-C as a vector for protection against other infectious agents.  相似文献