Novel prediction method of beer foam stability using protein Z, barley dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor-1 (BDAI-1) and yeast thioredoxin     

Iimure T  Takoi K  Kaneko T  Kihara M  Hayashi K  Ito K  Sato K  Takeda K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(18):8664-8671

Foam stability is an important quality trait of beer. Our previous results of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analyses of beer proteins implied a relationship between barley dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor-1 (BDAI-1) and beer foam stability as judged by the NIBEM-T analyzer. To develop a novel prediction method of beer foam stability under different conditions of barley cultivar and malt modification, multiple linear regression analysis was applied. The spot intensities of major beer proteins on 2DE gel were quantified and used as explanatory variables. The foam stabilities of 25 beer samples each brewed from malt with different malt modification in one of the three cultivars (cultivars A, B, and C) were explained by the spot intensities of BDAI-1 at the 5% significance level ( r = 0.421). Furthermore, two other major protein spots (b0 and b5) were observed on the 2DE gels of Japanese commercial beer samples with different foam stability. Then, multiple regression for foam stability was calculated using these three spot intensities as explanatory variables. As a result, 72.1% of the beer foam stability in 25 beer samples was explained by a novel multiple regression equation calculated using spot b0 and BDAI-1 as positive explanatory variables and spot b5 as a negative variable. To verify the validity of the multiple regression equation and the explanatory variables, the beer foam stability in practical beer samples was analyzed. As a result, 81.5% of the beer foam stability in 10 Japanese commercial beer samples was also explained by using spot b0 and BDAI-1 as positive explanatory variables and spot b5 as a negative variable. Mass spectrometry analyses followed by database searches revealed that protein spots b0 and b5 were identified as protein Z originated from barley and thioredoxin originated from yeast, respectively. These results confirm that BDAI-1 and protein Z are foam-positive factors and identify yeast thioredoxin as a possible novel foam-negative factor.  相似文献   

利用内部信息的农用自动引导行走车的研究(第2报)——MAP(Map And Planning)系统          下载免费PDF全文

于海业  马成林  张德骏  并河清  村主胜彦  饭田训久 《农业工程学报》1995,11(3):40-44

介绍农用自动引导行走车研究的地图和路径计划系统(MAP系统)。针对农业领域作业的实际情况,建立了农田的环境模型和环境地图,并采用图论的方法开发了路径计划系统,进而构造了路径地图。  相似文献   

Transition of cell numbers in bovine preimplantation embryos: in vivo collected and in vitro produced embryos     

Ushijima H  Akiyama K  Tajima T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(4):239-243

The total cell numbers (TCNs) of bovine embryos collected from superovulated donors (VIVO embryos) were counted 0-9 d after ovulation to quantify the developmental process. Using numerical analysis of embryo development, we also compared the developmental process of VIVO embryos, in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos and nuclear transfer (NT) embryos obtained from enucleated oocytes and blastomere nuclei. The TCNs of embryos were measured using the air-dry method. Cleavage divisions (CD) of the embryos were obtained using logarithmic transformation of the TCN. The TCN of the VIVO embryos increased significantly (P<0.001) with time. The relationship between the CD of the VIVO embryos at 0-9 d after ovulation and age in days was described by a linear equation with a high correlation (y=1.03x+0.16, r=0.99), showing that CD occurs about once each day for all blastomeres. However, compared to the VIVO embryos, the TCN of the IVF embryos did not increase from 3-4 d nor after 7 d; the TCN of the NT embryos did not increase after 7 d (P>0.05). The results suggest a delay in development at these developmental stages. The slopes of regression lines of the IVF and NT embryos were significantly (P<0.001) smaller, indicating that quantification of the developmental process of VIVO embryos according to TCN and CD would be useful as criteria for numerical evaluation of the developmental process of bovine in vitro produced embryos.  相似文献   

Determination of maturity in male hawksbill turtle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eretmochelys imbricata</Emphasis> in captivity based on tail elongation and plasma testosterone level     

Masato Kobayashi  Tomohito Shimizu  Koichi Okuzawa  Kiyoshi Soyano  Kenzo Yoseda 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):777-784

To determine the sexual maturity of fourteen male wild-caught hawksbill turtles [straight carapace length (SCL) range 63–79 cm] held in captivity, we investigated their hormone levels in blood and morphological characteristics. Male turtles were divided into two groups: five individuals showing mating behavior (group A) and nine individuals not showing mating behavior (group B). Then, seasonal changes of plasma testosterone of both groups were studied. We also tried to determine male maturity based on tail elongation (TE) index, i.e., the ratio of tail length (TL) to SCL. Plasma testosterone level of group A gradually increased during premating and then sharply declined to low levels between mating and postmating seasons. In contrast, that of group B remained low during the experimental periods. The distinct seasonal changes of plasma testosterone levels of groups A and B correlated with their maturity. Furthermore, males were clearly divided into mature and immature based on TE values >0.35 and <0.33, respectively, corresponding to results based on plasma testosterone levels. Our results indicate that TE can be used more conveniently and accurately to determine maturity of male hawksbill turtles in captivity.  相似文献   

Characterisation of starch properties and physical characteristics in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) mutant lacking accumulation of ‘granule-bound starch synthase a’     

Tatsuro Suzuki  Takahiro Noda  Toshikazu Morishita  Koji Ishiguro  Shiori Otsuka  Jotaro Aii  Ayana Nakano  Kenjiro Katsu  Katsuhiro Matsui  Ryoma Takeshima  Noriaki Aoki  Takashi Hara  Takahiro Hara  Rie Satoh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(5):711-720

The concentration of amylose, which is synthesised using granule-bound starch synthase, affects the physical properties of food. However, no studies have focused on starch properties and physical characteristics of low-amylose buckwheat. Here, we hypothesised that low-amylose buckwheat would be useful to produce new buckwheat products because low-amylose characteristics change the texture of buckwheat food. In this study, we bred relatively low-amylose buckwheat compared to wild type and investigated the causative genes of the traits, starch properties and physical properties of noodles. In the GBSSa mutant, the amylose concentration was lower than that in the wild type. Compared with the wild type, the mutant exhibited the following traits: Amylose concentration decreased by approximately 2%, setback in the Rapid Visco Analyzer decreased by 30 points and the physical characteristics of noodles in the sensory analysis were soft and sticky. These results suggest that this trait may be useful for changing the texture of foods. In addition, the mutant is promising for producing new foods with physical characteristics that are different from those of the wild type.  相似文献   

Characteristics of a self-assembled fibrillar gel prepared from red stingray collagen     

Inwoo Bae  Kiyoshi Osatomi  Asami Yoshida  Atsuko Yamaguchi  Katsuyasu Tachibana  Tatsuya Oda  Kenji Hara 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(3):765-770

A translucent collagen gel was formed from a transparent acidic solution of red stingray collagen by adjusting to physiological ionic strength and pH in phosphate buffer and then incubating at 25–37°C. During fibril formation from red stingray collagen, the turbidity increased when the NaCl concentration was increased at constant pH and the rate of fibril formation was accelerated by higher pH or lower NaCl concentration. The T _m of red stingray collagen fibrillar gel was estimated as 44.3 ± 3.5°C, which was higher than that of the collagen solution, 33.2°C. In addition, red stingray collagen gel maintained its shape without melting and was suitable for culture of mouse stromal cells at 37°C.  相似文献   

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone directly increases the plasma calcitonin level and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish     

Ikari  Takahiro  Kobayashi  Yuki  Kitani  Yoichiro  Sekiguchi  Toshio  Endo  Masato  Kambegawa  Akira  Asahina  Kiyoshi  Hattori  Atsuhiko  Tabuchi  Yoshiaki  Amornsakun  Thumronk  Mizusawa  Kanta  Takahashi  Akiyoshi  Suzuki  Nobuo 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(3):283-292

International Aquatic Research - The effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on calcium metabolism were examined with goldfish. The scales on the left side of goldfish bodies...  相似文献   

Adsorption of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) on silica     

Pengxiang Li  Munehide Ishiguro 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(3):223-229

The adsorption of an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on a negatively charged silica was studied to provide a better understanding of surfactant adsorption phenomena in an electrostatic repulsion environment between surfactant and soil. The adsorption experiment was conducted under different electrolyte concentration and pH. Results indicated that adsorption happened with hydrophobic interaction, although electrostatic repulsion was generated between SDS and silica surface. The adsorption amount decreased with decreasing electrolyte concentration and increasing pH due to the increase of electrostatic repulsion. The influence of electric potential near the silica surface on the adsorption was confirmed with the modified Langmuir adsorption equation, 1-pK basic Stern model and zeta potential. Because silica is ubiquitous in soils and the water environment, the adsorption characteristics of an anionic surfactant is important when we consider the fate of an anionic surfactant in the environment. The result is also useful when considering the fate of agricultural chemicals which contain negative charge and hydrophobic sites.  相似文献   

Root and crown rot of strawberry caused by Pythium helicoides and its distribution in strawberry production areas of Japan     

Yasushi Ishiguro  Kayoko Otsubo  Hideki Watanabe  Mikihiko Suzuki  Kiichi Nakayama  Takashi Fukuda  Masashi Fujinaga  Haruhisa Suga  Koji Kageyama 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(5):423-429

Pythium species were isolated from seedlings of strawberry with root and crown rot. The isolates were identified as P. helicoides on the basis of morphological characteristics and sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer regions. In pathogenicity tests, the isolates caused root and crown rot similar to the original disease symptoms. Multiplex PCR was used to survey pathogen occurrence in strawberry production areas of Japan. Pythium helicoides was detected in 11 of 82 fields. The pathogen is distributed over six prefectures.  相似文献   

Two new species,Phytophthora nagaii sp. nov. and P. fragariaefolia sp. nov., causing serious diseases on rose and strawberry plants,respectively, in Japan     

Mohammad Ziaur Rahman  Seiji Uematsu  Toru Takeuchi  Kayo Shirai  Yasushi Ishiguro  Haruhisa Suga  Koji Kageyama 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(4):348-365

A new disease of rose was noticed in Chiba Prefecture of Japan in 1968, and the pathogen was initially identified as Phytophthora megasperma based on morphological characteristics. Similar Phytophthora isolates have since been collected from rose plants in Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka Prefectures. In 2005, several Phytophthora isolates were recovered from crowns of strawberry plants in Hokkaido Prefecture. These were considered to be members of a new species. In this study, we re-examined all these isolates using morphological and physiological studies and a multilocus phylogenetic analysis. The rose and strawberry isolates were mostly similar morphologically and physiologically, with some exceptions. The rose isolates differed significantly from P. megasperma sensu stricto and other related Phytophthora species. The rose and strawberry isolates had external proliferation of sporangia, characteristic funnel-shaped oogonia, predominantly paragynous antheridia, and fast growth rates of 10.5 mm/24 h at an optimum temperature of 28 °C. In the multilocus phylogenetic tree constructed using sequences from the rDNA ITS regions, rDNA LSU, and the translation elongation factor 1-α, β-tubulin and coxI genes, they formed a distinct monophyletic group in clade 7 with strong bootstrap support. The rose and strawberry isolates separated into two distinct groups. The results indicate that the rose and strawberry isolates constitute two separate species, designated here as Phytophthora nagaii and P. fragariaefolia.  相似文献