Epsilon Aminocaproic Acid for the Prevention of Delayed Postoperative Bleeding in Retired Racing Greyhounds Undergoing Gonadectomy     

Liliana M. Marín DVM  MSc  M Cristina Iazbik DVM  Sara Zaldivar‐Lopez DVM  MSc  Julien Guillaumin DVM  Diplomate ACVECC  Mary A. McLoughlin DVM  MSc  Diplomate ACVS  C Guillermo Couto DVM  Diplomate ACVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2012,41(5):594-603

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Effect of cutting age and substrate temperature on rooting of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Taxus globosa</Emphasis>     

Liliana Muñoz-Gutiérrez  J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández  Javier López-Upton  Marcos Soto-Hernández 《New Forests》2009,38(2):187-196

Taxus globosa (Mexican yew) is a conifer endemic to México and Central America. It produces a substance known as taxol, which is useful in treatment of ovarian cancer. Because seed production for this dioecious tree is limited, and seed germination is extremely difficult, the use of cuttings could facilitate propagation of this species. With the intention of massively propagating individuals selected for taxol content, two trials were established in which the effect of substrate temperature (average temperatures 18 and 23°C), age (i.e., young vs. old shoots) and management of cuttings, as well as clone variation in rooting capacity, were evaluated. Low temperature favored rooting (53 vs. 34% on average for the two trials); younger shoots rooted three times (61 vs. 23%) more than mature ones, while basal wounding did not affect rooting capacity. A wide variation was found in rooting capacity of clones (8–76%), which could be associated with genetic or physiological differences among donor trees.  相似文献   

Domestication and saponins contents in a gradient of management intensity of agaves: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agave cupreata</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">A. inaequidens</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">A. hookeri</Emphasis> in central Mexico     

Carmen Julia Figueredo Urbina  Alejandro Casas  Yesenia Martínez-Díaz  Liliana Santos-Zea  Janet A. Gutiérrez-Uribe 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(4):1133-1146

Saponins occur in numerous plants, including agaves, determining benefic and harmful properties to humans; their presence may favor using plants as soap and other products, but also they may cause caustic effects producing contact dermatitis. In domestication, favorable and unfavorable properties of saponins may cause an increase or decrease of their content, respectively. This study quantified and identified saponins among wild and managed populations of three agave species: A. cupreata Trel. et Berger, A. inaequidens Koch with wild and cultivated populations used for mescal production, and A. hookeri Jacobi, existing exclusively cultivated, used for production of the fermented beverage pulque. We studied 272 plants from 19 populations, quantifying contents of crude saponins through spectrometry. In 12 populations, the saponins types were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass-Spectrography-Time-of-Flight HPLC-MS-TOF. The highest crude saponins content was recorded in A. hookeri (26.09 mg/g), followed by A. cupreata (19.85 and 15.17 mg/g in wild and cultivated populations, respectively). For A. inaequidens, we recorded 14.21, 12.95, and 10.48 mg/g in wild, silvicultural managed and cultivated populations, respectively. We identified 18 saponins types, A. inaequidens showing all of them. A hecogenin glycoside (HG1) is found in high amounts in A. hookeri but in low quantities in A. inaequidens and A. cupreata. A. inaequidens had the greatest diversity of saponins. The contents of crude saponins in A. inaequidens and A. cupreata decrease with management intensity, but contrarily to what we expected, it was the highest in A. hookeri. We hypothesize that such high amount could be due to some saponins, probably HG1, may be precursors of sugars.  相似文献   

Variant-specific and diminishing immune responses towards the highly variable MSP2(P44) outer membrane protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum during persistent infection in lambs     

Erik G. Granquist  Snorre Stuen  Liliana Crosby  Anna M. Lundgren  A. Rick. Alleman  Anthony F. Barbet 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2010,133(2-4):117-124

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever in small ruminants and has been identified as the zoonotic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. The Norwegian strains of the rickettsia are naturally persistent in lambs and represent a suitable experimental system for analyzing the mechanisms of persistence. Variation of the outer membrane protein MSP2(P44) by recombination of variable pseudogene segments into an expression site is believed to play a key role in persistence of the organism. The goal of the present study was to analyze the dynamics of the immune response towards A. phagocytophilum and MSP2(P44) during persistent infection of lambs. Responses to the hypervariable region of MSP2(P44) were detected shortly after appearance of the respective variants in cyclic rickettsemic peaks, consistent with a process of antigenic variation. In addition, there was a diminishing antibody response to MSP2(P44) and to other A. phagocytophilum antigens overall with time of infection, that was not associated with clearance of the infection.  相似文献   

Prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigens in retired racing Greyhounds     

Iazbik MC  O'Donnell M  Marin L  Zaldivar S  Hudson D  Couto CG 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(4):433-435

Background: Blood groups in dogs are designated as dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1.1, 1.2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and Dal. There is limited information about the frequency of different antigens in Greyhound dogs, despite their frequent use as blood donors. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the frequencies of DEA 1.1, 1.2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 in Greyhounds, to compare the frequencies with those of non‐Greyhound dogs, and to evaluate the presence of naturally occurring anti‐DEA antibodies. Methods: Blood was collected from 206 Greyhound and 66 non‐Greyhound dogs being screened as potential blood donors. Blood‐typing was performed at Animal Blood Resources International by tube agglutination utilizing polyclonal anti‐DEA antibodies. Results: Of the Greyhound dogs, 27/206 (13.1%) were positive for DEA 1.1, and this frequency was significantly lower (P<.0001) than for non‐Greyhound dogs of which 40/66 (60.6%) were DEA 1.1‐positive. The frequency of positivity for both DEA 1.1 and 1.2 was also lower in Greyhounds (P<.0001). There were no significant differences between Greyhounds and non‐Greyhounds for DEA 1.2, 3, 4, 5, or 7. All 137 dogs (113 Greyhounds and 24 non‐Greyhounds) that were evaluated for naturally occurring anti‐DEA antibodies in serum were negative. A higher percentage of Greyhound dogs (57.3%, 118/206) were considered “universal donors” (negative for all DEAs except DEA 4) compared with non‐Greyhound dogs (28%, 13/46). Conclusion: The frequency of positivity for DEA 1.1 in our population of Greyhounds was significantly lower than previously reported for dogs. Furthermore, a large majority of Greyhounds met the criteria for universal donors.  相似文献   

Phenolic Acids Profiles and Cellular Antioxidant Activity in Tortillas Produced from Mexican Maize Landrace Processed by Nixtamalization and Lime Extrusion Cooking     

Nallely Gaxiola-Cuevas  Saraid Mora-Rochín  Edith Oliva Cuevas-Rodriguez  Liliana León-López  Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno  Alvaro Montoya-Rodríguez  Jorge Milán-Carrillo 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(3):314-320

Phenolic acids profiles, chemical antioxidant activities (ABTS and ORAC), as well as cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) of tortilla of Mexican native maize landraces elaborated from nixtamalization and lime cooking extrusion processes were studied. Both cooking procedures decreased total phenolics, chemicals antioxidant activity when compared to raw grains. Extruded tortillas retained 79.6–83.5%, 74.1–77.6% and 79.8–80.5% of total phenolics, ABTS and ORAC values, respectively, compared to 47.8–49.8%, 41.3–42.3% and 43.7–44.4% assayed in traditional tortillas, respectively. Approximately 72.5–88.2% of ferulic acid in raw grains and their tortillas were in the bound form. Regarding of the CAA initially found in raw grains, the retained percentage for traditional and extruded tortillas ranged from 47.4 to 48.7% and 72.8 to 77.5%, respectively. These results suggest that Mexican maize landrace used in this study could be considered for the elaboration of nixtamalized and extruded food products with nutraceutical potential.  相似文献   

Evolution of bovine brucellosis in Colombia over a 7-year period (2006–2012)     

Liliana Cárdenas  Oscar Melo  Jordi Casal 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(1):19-27

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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) following immersion in propofol     

Ayako Oda  Kristen M. Messenger  Liliana Carbajal  Lysa P. Posner  Brett R. Gardner  Scott H. Hammer  Anthony J. Cerreta  Gregory A. Lewbart  Kate M. Bailey 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(4):529-538

Objective

To test the hypothesis that plasma propofol concentration (PPC) is associated with anesthetic effect in koi carp administered propofol by immersion.

Study design

Prospective study.

Animals

Twenty mature koi carp (mean ± standard deviation, 409.4 ± 83.7 g).

Methods

Fish were immersed in propofol (5 mg L^–1). Physiological variables and induction and recovery times were recorded. In phase I, blood was sampled for PPC immediately following induction and at recovery. In phase II, following induction, fish were maintained with propofol (4 mg L^–1) via a recirculating system for 20 minutes. Following established induction, blood was sampled at 1, 10 and 20 minutes. In phase III (n = 19), fish were anesthetized as in phase II with blood sampled nine times in a sparse sampling strategy. Simultaneously, a pharmacodynamics rubric was used to evaluate anesthetic depth. PPC was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Following evaluation of normality, data were analyzed using paired t test or Spearman correlation test (significance was set at p < 0.05).

Results

In phase I, mean PPCs at induction (20.12 μg mL^–1) and recovery (11.62 μg mL^–1) were different (p < 0.001). In phase II, only mean PPCs at induction (17.92 μg mL^–1) and 10 minutes (21.50 μg mL^–1) were different (p = 0.013). In phase III, a correlation between PPCs and the pharmacodynamic rubric scores was found (p < 0.001, r = –0.93). There was no correlation between PPCs and recovery time (p = 0.057, r = 0.433). A two-compartment open model was chosen for the pharmacokinetic model. Absorption rate constant, elimination rate constant and intercompartmental rate constant were 0.48, 0.006 and 0.02 minute^–1, respectively.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Measurable PPCs were achieved in koi carp anesthetized with propofol by immersion. Anesthetic depth of fish was negatively correlated with PPCs, but recovery time was not.  相似文献   

Ailinella mirabilis gen. n., sp. n. (eucestoda: pseudophyllidea) from Galaxias maculatus (Pisces: Galaxiidae) in the Andean-Patagonian region of Argentina     

de Pertierra AA  Semenas LG 《Folia parasitologica》2006,53(4):276-286

Ailinella gen. n. (Pseudophyllidea: Triaenophoridae) is proposed to accommodate Ailinella mirabilis sp. n. from Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842), a freshwater fish inhabiting the Andean lakes in Argentinean Patagonia. Ailinella belongs to the Triaenophoridae because it has a marginal genital pore, a follicular vitelline gland, and a ventral uterine pore. The new genus can be distinguished from other triaenophorids by the following combination of characters: a small body size, a low number of proglottides, which are longer than wide, a truncated pyramidal to globular scolex, a rectangular apical disc, presence of the neck, lack of internal longitudinal musculature separating the cortex from the medulla, testes distributed in one central field surrounding the ovary laterally and posteriorly, the vagina predominantly anterior to the cirrus sac, vitelline follicles circum-medullary, the genital pores post-equatorial, a saccate uterus, and operculate eggs. Blade-like spiniform microtriches were present on all tegument surfaces, and tumuli on all surfaces of the scolex and the anterior surface of the neck. Microtriches were characterized according to their size and density, and tumuli according to their size, inter-tumulus distance and density. Ailinella mirabilis is the first cestode described from G. maculatus and the second triaenophorid species recorded from a South American freshwater fish.  相似文献   

Comparative analyses of total phenols, antioxidant activity, and flavonol glycoside profile of cladode flours from different varieties of Opuntia spp     

Santos-Zea L  Gutierrez-Uribe JA  Serna-Saldivar SO 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(13):7054-7061

The phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant contents of methanol extracts of nine samples of Mexican cactus ( Opuntia spp.) cladodes processed into flours were studied. Opuntia undulata contained the highest amount of phenols [905.08 ± 64.51 μg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g]. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of the cladode flour extracts indicated that Opuntia robusta var. Gavia [738.8 ± 89.9 μmol of Trolox equivalents (TE)/g] contained the highest antioxidant capacity. ORAC values significantly correlated to total phenols but not to flavonoid contents and were comparable to cranberries and blackberries. Glycosidic forms of isorhamnetin and kaempferol were identified via high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) and HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS), with isorhamnetin being the most abundant flavonol in all samples, except for Opuntia lindheimeri . The effectiveness of acid hydrolysis varied among species because of the different flavonol profiles. For some varieties, the triglycosidic forms were partially acid-hydrolyzed, giving an increase in the content of diglycosides. Optimization of hydrolysis for each species is required to estimate the total amount of each flavonol.  相似文献