Delivery of growth factors using gene therapy to enhance bone healing   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Southwood LL  Frisbie DD  Kawcak CE  McIlwraith CW 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2004,33(6):565-578

OBJECTIVE: To review the delivery of growth factors using gene therapy for enhancing long-bone fracture healing. STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. METHODS: MEDLINE and CAB Abstracts literature search (1980-2004). RESULTS: Non-union and infected non-union are relatively common complications of long-bone fractures in human and veterinary patients. Growth factors are cytokines that regulate many cell functions important in fracture healing. Exogenous growth factors can be delivered to the fracture site as recombinant proteins or using gene therapy. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 (rhBMP-2 and -7), in particular, enhance fracture healing in numerous experimental and clinical studies. Some limitations with use of recombinant proteins may be overcome by use of gene therapy. Gene therapy involves delivery of the growth factor gene to cells at the fracture site using a viral or non-viral vector. The gene is then expressed (protein synthesis) by cells at the fracture site. Delivery of the BMP gene to the fracture site using gene therapy has been evaluated in laboratory animal models of non-union, with favorable results and without complications. CONCLUSION: Delivery of growth factors, particularly members of BMP family, to the fracture site using gene therapy may be a method to enhance fracture healing. Use of this technology may improve the prognosis for patients with long-bone fractures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical application of gene therapy could improve the prognosis for human and veterinary patients with long-bone fractures, but has not been evaluated clinically.  相似文献   

Accumulation and extractability of grape skin tannins and anthocyanins at different advanced physiological stages     

Fournand D  Vicens A  Sidhoum L  Souquet JM  Moutounet M  Cheynier V 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(19):7331-7338

Quantitative and qualitative modifications of tannins and anthocyanins in grape skin were investigated at different dates of harvest, from berries sorted on the basis of their density. Free anthocyanins accumulated until 170 g/L of sugars in pulp before undergoing a slight decrease. Changes in anthocyanin composition were observed with increasing sugar levels in the pulp that reflected structural differences between classes of anthocyanins. The proportion of methoxylated anthocyanins continued to increase in the skin as sugar accumulated while the proportion of coumaroylated anthocyanins initially increased (up to 200 g/L of sugars in the pulp) and then rapidly decreased. In comparison, no major quantitative nor qualitative change was observed for tannins, except for a slight increase of the mean degree of polymerization. Whatever the physiological stage of the pulp, the extraction yield of skin phenolics into hydroalcoholic solution for 5 h was lower than 77% for anthocyanins and 38% for proanthocyanidins. For both classes of compounds, no clear evolution in these extraction yields could be observed as sugars accumulated in pulp (from 162.6 to 275.0 g/L). Nevertheless, some structural features within each family of compounds significantly influenced extractability, for example, a lower extraction yield for coumaroylated anthocyanins and for tannins with a high degree of polymerization. Finally, no direct relationship could be found in extraction media between the amounts of all red pigments (measured in acidic conditions) and the color intensity at 520 nm (measured in wine-like model solutions).  相似文献   

Hepatitis in English springer spaniels in the UK and Norway     

Watson P  Skancke E  Farstad W  Sampson J  Bloomfield L  Scott L 《The Veterinary record》2006,158(9):311

  相似文献   

Mapping QTL for Fusarium wilt Race 2 partial resistance in pea (Pisum sativum)     

Kevin E. Mc Phee  Debbie A. Inglis  Babette Gundersen  Clarice J. Coyne 《Plant Breeding》2012,131(2):300-306

  相似文献   

Effect of heart failure on dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in plasma of dogs     

Gomez N  Matheeussen V  Damoiseaux C  Tamborini A  Merveille AC  Jespers P  Michaux C  Clercx C  De Meester I  Mc Entee K 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(4):929-934

  相似文献   

Application of RVA and Time‐Lapse Photography to Explore Effects of Extent of Chlorination,Milling Extraction Rate,and Particle‐Size Reduction of Flour on Cake‐Baking Functionality     

Meera Kweon  Louise Slade  Harry Levine  Edward Souza 《Cereal Chemistry》2010,87(5):409-414

Three factors (extent of chlorination, milling extraction rate, and particle‐size reduction) in cake‐baking functionality of Croplan 594W flour were explored using a Rapid Visco‐Analyser (RVA) and time‐lapse photography. The extent of chlorination and milling extraction rate showed dramatic effects, but postmilling to reduce flour particle size was a less significant factor. RVA results showed that starch pasting was accelerated, and both peak and set‐back viscosities were enhanced, with increasing extent of chlorination. These effects were exaggerated by the high sugar concentration relevant to cake baking, compared to the same effects in water. Cake baking with chlorinated flours, in a formulation with 50% sugar (%S) and 275 parts total solvent (TS), showed that, as the extent of chlorination increased, cake moisture content and edge height decreased. Cake center height and shape factor were curvilinear, with maxima near flour with pH 4.6. Dramatic collapse occurred for cakes baked with unchlorinated flour samples, due to delayed starch pasting, as documented by time‐lapse photography and comparison to the geometry of the final cooled cakes. Starch pasting and egg white setting occurred too early for the cakes baked with excessively chlorinated flour (pH ≤4.0), but too late for the cakes baked with unchlorinated or insufficiently chlorinated flours (pH ≥4.9), compared to the ideal starch pasting and egg white setting behavior with appropriately chlorinated flours (pH >4.0 and <4.9). Informal sensory texture evaluation showed that cake mouthfeel was related to both moisture content per se and the relationship between moisture content and cake relative humidity (%RH). Excessive flour chlorination resulted in unacceptably dry cake mouthfeel.  相似文献   

Moderate nitrogen retention in temperate heath ecosystem after elevated CO2, drought and warming through 7 years     

Louise C. Andresen  Per Ambus  Claus Beier  Anders Michelsen 《European Journal of Soil Science》2023,74(4):e13397

Nitrogen (N) dynamic is one of the main controlling factors of responses to climate change in N-limited terrestrial ecosystems, which rely on nutrient recycling and retention. In this study we investigate the N partitioning in ecosystem compartments of a grassland heath, and the impact of multiple climate change factors on long-term N retention after ¹⁵N pulse labelling. The impacts of elevated carbon dioxide (eCO₂), warming and drought and the treatments in combination on ecosystem N retention were investigated in a field scale manipulation experiment. A 6-year time-course was assessed by pulse-labelling with the stable N isotope ¹⁵N and by sampling after 1 day, 1 year and 6 years. After 6 years we observed that the total ecosystem retained 42% of the amended ¹⁵N across treatments (recovery of the amended ¹⁵N in the pool). The fate of the applied ¹⁵N was mainly stabilization in soil, with 36% ¹⁵N recovery in soil, while the plant compartment and microbial biomass each retained only 1%–2% of the added ¹⁵N. This suggests a moderate retention of N, for all treatments, as compared to similar long-term studies of forest ecosystems. A decreased ammonium and vegetation N pool combined with higher ¹⁵N retention in the soil under eCO₂ treatments suggests that eCO₂ promoted processes that immobilize N in soil, while warming counteracted this when combined with eCO₂. Drought treatments contrastingly increased the vegetation N pool. We conclude that as the organic soil layer has the main capacity for N storage in a temperate heathland-grassland, it is important for buffering nutrient availability and maintaining a resilient ecosystem. However, the full treatment combination of drought, warming and eCO₂ did not differ in ¹⁵N recovery from the control, suggesting unchanged long-term consequences of climate change on retention of pulse added N in this ecosystem.  相似文献   

Tenosynoviotomy for Sepsis of the Digital Flexor Tendon Sheath in 9 Horses     

Turlough P. Mc Nally MVB  Donnie E. Slone DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  Faith E. Hughes DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Timothy M. Lynch DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(1):114-118

  相似文献   

The present status of canine parvovirosis     

R. H. Johnson  I. A. P. Mc Candlish  J. H. G. Wilson 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):86-88

Results from studies performed by the authors and by other workers, have greatly increased the knowledge of canine parvovirus.

The authors review the situation with particular reference to virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology and immunoprophylaxis.  相似文献   

An artificial inoculation protocol for Uromycladium acaciae,cause of a serious disease of Acacia mearnsii in southern Africa     

Stuart Fraser  Alistair R McTaggart  Julian Moreno Chan  Thobile Nxumalo  Louise S Shuey  Michael J Wingfield 《Southern Forests》2019,81(1):85-90

Uromycladium acaciae is the cause of a severe wattle rust epidemic in plantations of Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) in southern Africa. Research on the biology of this damaging rust is assisting in the development of control strategies. One strategy under investigation is the identification and deployment of resistant lines of A. mearnsii. Selection of resistant families currently relies on large-scale, time-consuming and expensive field trials. In this study, we present a detailed artificial inoculation protocol for U. acaciae, which can be used to screen for resistance. The results of an experiment that used the protocol to screen the relative resistance of 12 families of A. mearnsii to U. acaciae are also presented. The developed artificial inoculation protocol can also be used to investigate several other aspects of this host–pathogen system.  相似文献