Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Myracrodruon urundeuva heartwood     

Roberto A. Sá  Francis S. Gomes  Thiago H. Napoleão  Nataly D. L. Santos  Carla M. L. Melo  Norma B. Gusmão  Luana C. B. B. Coelho  Patrícia M. G. Paiva  Lothar W. Bieber 《Wood Science and Technology》2009,43(1-2):85-95

The aim of this work was to isolate a lectin from Myracrodruon urundeuva heartwood and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi that attack plants, including woods. The lectin was isolated from heartwood through affinity chromatography on a chitin column monitored by hemagglutination assay. The lectin inhibited Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and was more effective than antifungal Cercobin in growth inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi. The detected antimicrobial activity reveals the possible role of the lectin in the resistance of M. urundeuva heartwood against deteriorative biological agents. The M. urundeuva lectin is the first bioactive peptide found in heartwood, probably stored as a chemical protection against biodegradation.  相似文献   

Composition and biological activity of essential oil of Achillea ligustica All. (Asteraceae) naturalized in central Italy: Ideal candidate for anti-cariogenic formulations     

Filippo Maggi  Massimo Bramucci  Cinzia Cecchini  Maria M. Coman  Alberto Cresci  Gloria Cristalli  Giulio Lupidi  Fabrizio Papa  Luana Quassinti  Gianni Sagratini  Sauro Vittori   《Fitoterapia》2009,80(6):313-319

Essential oil from flowers (FL) and vegetative parts (VP) of Achillea ligustica (Asteraceae), naturalized after cultivation in central Italy, was investigated by GC–FID and GC–MS. The most abundant components were linalool, viridiflorol, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole and terpinen-4-ol. The antioxidant assays (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and β-carotene bleaching test) demonstrated a moderate activity of essential oils. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth micro-dilution method on 6 microbial strains and showed to be quite strong against the cariogenic Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans, suggesting that this essential oil could be a valid candidate for anti-cariogenic formulations. Moderate cytotoxic activity was observed in assays on four tumour cell lines by MTT assay.  相似文献   

Antidiarrheal activity of dehydroleucodine isolated from Artemisia douglasiana     

Wendel GH  María AO  Guzmán JA  Giordano O  Pelzer LE 《Fitoterapia》2008,79(1):1-5

Dehydroleucodine (DhL), a sesquiterpene lactone obtained from Artemisia douglasiana, was screened for antidiarrheal effects. DhL inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice by judged by a decrease in the number of wet faeces in the DhL-treatment groups. DhL significantly reduced intestinal transit in mice. Yohimbine and phentolamine counteracted the inhibitory effect of DhL. It is suggested that alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors mediate the effect of DhL in intestinal motility. DhL reduced also intraluminal accumulation of fluid. Thus, the antidiarrheal activity of DhL is possibly related, at least in part, to its inhibitory action against gastrointestinal motility and the inhibition of enteropooling property.  相似文献   

Interaction Study Between Humin and Phosphate: Possible Environmental Remediation for Domestic Wastewater     

Daniella Araujo Vasconcelos de Oliveira  Wander Gustavo Botero  Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos  Ricardo Moutinho da Silva  Leonardo Machado Pitombo  Janaina Braga do Carmo  Luana Maria Tavares Rosa  Luciana Camargo de Oliveira 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(7):265

The increase in demand for food due to the rapid population growth in recent years has raised the use of fertilizers, particularly phosphate salts. This fact has contributed to the excess amount of phosphorus species in aquatic systems. This is due to the leaching of these species present in the fertilizers applied to the soil to aquatic environments and may lead to eutrophication in these environments. Substances capable of interacting with the phosphate in the aquatic environment are promising for the reduction on the environmental impact. The humin, an insoluble fraction of humic material, has potential for phosphate retention, behaving like a chelating resin. Thus, the purpose of this research was to study the interaction between humin and phosphate. The equilibrium time between humin and phosphate was 15 min, where hydrogenionic potential (pH) 4.0 was the most effective in the interaction process. In this pH, the humin retained 33% of phosphate added. The complexing capacity of the humin-phosphate system was 11.53 mg g^?1. The adsorption studies indicated that the system follows a kinetic pseudo-second-order model. The Freundlich model was the most suitable to describe the phosphate adsorption process in humin. To evaluate the humin application in real systems, humin was added to the domestic wastewater. Sixteen percent of the total phosphate was adsorbed by the humin. Based on these results, humin has the potential to phosphate retention in domestic wastewater and could be used as a chelating resin minimizing environmental impact.  相似文献   

Combining isotopic signatures of n(Sr)/n(Sr) and light stable elements (C,N, O,S) with multi-elemental profiling for the authentication of provenance of European cereal samples     

Daniel Goitom Asfaha  Christophe R. Quétel  Freddy Thomas  Micha Horacek  Bernhard Wimmer  Gerhard Heiss  Christian Dekant  Peter Deters-Itzelsberger  Stefan Hoelzl  Susanne Rummel  Christophe Brach-Papa  Marleen Van Bocxstaele  Eric Jamin  Malcolm Baxter  Katharina Heinrich  Simon Kelly  Daniela Bertoldi  Luana Bontempo  Federica Camin  Roberto Larcher  Matteo Perini  Andreas Rossmann  Antje Schellenberg  Claus Schlicht  Heinz Froeschl  Jurian Hoogewerff  Henriette Ueckermann 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011

The aim of this work (from the FP6 project TRACE) was to develop methods based on the use of geochemical markers for the authentication of the geographical origin of cereal samples in Europe (cf. EC regulations 2081/92 and 1898/06). For the first time, the potential usefulness of combining n(⁸⁷Sr)/n(⁸⁶Sr) and δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ¹⁸O and δ³⁴S isotopic signatures, alone or with key element concentrations ([Na], [K], [Ca], [Cu] and [Rb], progressively identified out of 31 sets of results), was investigated through multiple step multivariate statistics for more than 500 cereal samples collected over 2 years from 17 sampling sites across Europe representing an extensive range of geographical and environmental characteristics.  相似文献   

Survey radiography and computerized tomography imaging of the thorax in female dogs with mammary tumors     

Carolina C Otoni  Sheila C Rahal  Luiz C Vulcano  Sérgio M Ribeiro  Khadije Hette  Tatiana Giordano  Danuta P Doiche  Renée L Amorim 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):20

Background

Accurate early diagnosis of lung metastases is important for establishing therapeutic measures. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare survey thoracic radiographs and computerized tomography (CT) scans to specifically identify lung metastases in female dogs with mammary tumors.

Methods

Twenty-one female dogs, weighing 3 to 34 kg and aged from 5 years to 14 years and 10 months, with mammary tumors were studied. In all dogs before the imaging examinations, fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mammary tumors was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Three-view thoracic radiographs were accomplished: right lateral, left lateral and ventrodorsal views. Sequential transverse images of the thorax were acquired on a spiral Scanner, before and after intravenous bolus injection of nonionic iodine contrast. Soft-tissue and lung windows were applied. All the mammary tumors were surgically removed and examined histologically.

Results

The correlation between the cytological and histological results regarding presence of malignancy was observed in only 17 cases. In radiographic examinations, no dog displayed signs of lung metastases or thorax chest lesions. CT detected lung metastasis in two cases, while small areas of lung atelectasis located peripherally were found in 28.57% of the dogs.

Conclusion

In this study population, spiral CT showed higher sensitivity than chest radiographies to detect lung metastasis; this indicates that CT should be performed on all female dogs with malignant mammary tumors.  相似文献   

Interpretation of capillary zone electrophoresis compared with cellulose acetate and agarose gel electrophoresis: reference intervals and diagnostic efficiency in dogs and cats     

Giordano A  Paltrinieri S 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(4):464-473

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Testing and modelling the effects of climate on the incidence of the emergent nut rot agent of chestnut Gnomoniopsis castanea          下载免费PDF全文

G. Lione  L. Giordano  F. Sillo  P. Gonthier 《Plant pathology》2015,64(4):852-863

Gnomoniopsis castanea is an emerging fungal pathogen causing nut rot of sweet chestnut, Castanea sativa. This study was aimed at testing and modelling the effects of climate on disease incidence. Up to 120 ripe nuts were collected in 2011 from trees in each of 12 sites located in the northwest of Italy. The incidence of G. castanea in each site was expressed as the number of infected nuts out of the total number of nuts sampled (%), determined by combining the results of morphological identification of isolates obtained from nuts, and their typing through a newly developed taxon‐specific molecular assay. Disease incidence ranged from 20 to 93%, depending on site. Geostatistical analyses revealed that, despite the clustering of sites (P < 0·05), disease incidence was not spatially autocorrelated (P > 0·05). This finding suggests that the disease is influenced by site‐dependent factors whose scale (c. 7·5–15·6 km) is consistent with the climate variability throughout the sampling region. Multivariate analyses on maximum, mean and minimum temperatures and on rainfall showed that warmer temperatures were associated with higher levels of disease incidence. The temperatures of months before nut harvesting were selected as predictors for partial least squares regression (PLSR) models (GnoMods) of G. castanea incidence. External validation on data collected either on sites or in years not used for model fitting showed the good predictive abilities of the GnoMods (Spearman's ρ_obs/pred > 0·72, P < 0·05). The above findings support a relationship between climate and incidence of G. castanea, providing statistical tools to forecast disease incidence at site level.  相似文献   

Environmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene. IX. Metabolism by bluegill fish     

Gary B. Quistad  David A. Schooley  Luana E. Staiger  B. John Bergot  Bevier H. Sleight  Kenneth J. Macek 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1976,6(6):523-529

The accumulation, persistence, and metabolism and/or elimination of methoprene (isopropyl (2E, 4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate) was examined for bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) contained in a dynamic flow-through system and a model aquatic ecosystem. The fish in the dynamic flow-through system acquired moderate residues of largely unmetabolized methoprene when continuously exposed to about 30 times anticipated environmental levels of methoprene, but residues were rapidly eliminated (93–95%) within 2 weeks when fish were transferred to flowing uncontaminated water. When bluegill were treated with methoprene in a model aquatic ecosystem, fish showed a highly misleading accumulation of ¹⁴C residues since residual radioactivity was found almost exclusively in radiolabeled natural products, including cholesterol, free fatty acids, glycerides, and protein. Less than 0.1% of the total radioactivity in fish could be attributed to unmetabolized methoprene or its primary metabolites; thus, simple radioassay procedures in ecosystem studies can be severely compromised unless coupled with more sophisticated analytical techniques.  相似文献   

Influence of age and foaling on plasma protein electrophoresis and serum amyloid A and their possible role as markers of equine neonatal septicaemia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Paltrinieri S  Giordano A  Villani M  Manfrin M  Panzani S  Veronesi MC 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,176(3):393-396

A field study was undertaken to investigate plasma protein electrophoresis (PPE) and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations at 1, 3 and 7 days of age in foals born by oxytocin-induced (group A, n =17) or spontaneous (group B, n =12) parturition. The putative diagnostic role of PPE and SAA in four septicaemic foals was also examined. At birth, beta-gamma-globulins were higher in group B, and then increased in both groups, probably due to colostrum intake. At day 3, no significant differences between the groups were detectable. In both groups, SAA values increased from day 0 to day 3, then decreased at day 7. Septicaemic foals had decreased concentrations of many electrophoretic fractions (probably reflecting decreased colostrum intake and circulating bacterial proteases) and an increased SAA concentration. It was concluded that both PPE and SAA concentrations vary with age and type of foaling and may be useful in the early diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia.  相似文献