Long-term effects of good handling practices during the pre-weaning period of crossbred dairy heifer calves     

Luciana Pontes Silva  Aline Cristina Sant’Anna  Lívia Carolina Magalhães Silva  Mateus José Rodrigues Paranhos da Costa 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(1):153-162

The aim of this study was to determine whether applying good practices of handling during the pre-weaning period have long-term effects on behavioral and physiological indicators, health status, and average daily gain (ADG) of crossbred Bos taurus × Bos indicus heifer calves. During the pre-weaning period, 98 crossbred of Holstein × Gir heifer calves were allotted into three treatments: (1) good practices of handling + brushing (GPB; n?=?25), (2) good practices of handling (GP; n?=?25), and (3) control (n?=?48). Every 2 months, four evaluation periods (EV₁ to EV₄) were conducted to record data. Behavioral indicators comprised time to drive (TD), flight speed (FS), flight distance (FD), and composite reactivity score (CRS). Physiological indicators of acute stress during handling comprised respiratory and heart rates. Health status comprised data regarding occurrence of most common diseases (i.e., pneumonia and anaplasmosis). Collected data were analyzed by using a linear mixed model for repeated measures, Tukey’s test, and chi-squared procedures. Treatment influenced (P?<?0.05) TD, FS, and FD but not CRS (P?=?0.78). From EV₁ to EV₃, the control calves had the lowest TD. The GPB group had lower FS than the control but did not differ from GP. The GPB group had lower FD means than the other two groups in EV₂, EV₃, and EV₄. No differences (P?>?0.05) due to treatment were observed on heart and respiratory rates, ADG, or occurrence of pneumonia and anaplasmosis. It was concluded that adoption of good practices of handling during pre-weaning period may lead to long-term positive effects.  相似文献   

Do traditional sheep breeders perform conscious selection? An example from a participatory breeding program of Morada Nova sheep     

Janaina Kelli Gomes Arandas  Ângelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves  Olivardo Facó  Ernandes Barboza Belchior  Luciana Shiotsuki  Paulo Márcio Barbosa de Arruda Leite  Maria Norma Ribeiro 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(7):1479-1487

The implementation of sustainable breeding programs requires genetic breeding strategies that are appropriate for the reality production systems. It is also essential that the choice of animal selection criteria be based on breeders’ knowledge and objectives. This work is an ethno-zootechnical study of the Morada Nova sheep breed and its crossbreeds. The goals of this study were to register and analyze indigenous breeders’ knowledge and practices regarding animal selection criteria and to generate technical information to support a participatory breeding program of the breed. This study was conducted in the Morada Nova municipality in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were evaluated using two groups of individuals, purebred Morada Nova sheep breeders (RMN, n = 13) and breeders of Morada Nova crossbreeds (MMN, n = 48). Interview questions were used to identify local selection criteria adopted by each group in the choice of animals for breeding. Data from the interviews were submitted to frequency distribution analysis and the Shapiro-Wilk test to verify their distribution. Later, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the two groups of farmers based on that information, in addition to multivariate statistical analysis and evaluation of Smith salience index. Breeders in the RMN group used selection criteria related to breed standards, such as pelage color. In contrast, breeders of the MMN group used criteria related to productivity, such as body conformation and milk production. Breeders should be engaged in the development of breeding programs, and it is important to consider their preferences and objectives when evaluating breeding animals.  相似文献   

N-acyl-homoserine lactones from Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) and their degradation by Bacillus cereus enzymes     

Araújo FD  Esper LM  Kuaye AY  Sircili MP  Marsaioli AJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(2):585-592

A chemical study of acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-HSLs) produced by Enterobacter sakazakii resulted in the identification of three molecules: (S)-N-heptanoyl-HSL, (S)-N-dodecanoyl-HSL and (S)-N-tetradecanoyl-HSL. Mixed cultures of E. sakazakii and Bacillus cereus depleted E. sakazakii acyl-HSLs, suggesting acyl-HSL degradation by B. cereus hydrolases (hydrolysis of the lactone or amide moiety). The expression of B. cereus acyl-HSL lactonase and acyl-homoserine acylase was confirmed by monitoring the biotransformation of (S)-N-dodecanoyl-HSL into (S)-N-dodecanoyl-homoserine, dodecanoic acid and homoserine in the presence of B. cereus whole cells, using electrospray-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).  相似文献   

Experimental infection of dogs (Canis familiaris) with sporulated oocysts of Neospora caninum     

Bandini LA  Neto AF  Pena HF  Cavalcante GT  Schares G  Nishi SM  Gennari SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,176(2-3):151-156

Neospora caninum is widely distributed in the world and this parasite is one of the major causes of abortion in cattle. Dogs and coyotes are definitive hosts of N. caninum and several species of domestic and wild animals are intermediate hosts. Dogs can become infected by the ingestion of tissues containing cysts and then excrete oocysts. It is not yet known whether sporulated oocysts are able to induce a patent infection in dogs, i.e. a shedding of N. caninum oocysts in feces. The objective of this study was to experimentally examine the infection of dogs by sporulated oocysts. The oocysts used in the experiment were obtained by feeding dogs with brain of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) positive for anti-N. caninum antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT ≥200). Oocysts shed by these dogs were confirmed to be N. caninum by molecular methods and by bioassay in gerbils, and sporulated N. caninum oocysts were used for the oral infection of four dogs. The dogs were 8 weeks old and negative for antibodies to N. caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. Dogs 1 and 4 received an inoculum of 10,000 sporulated oocysts each; dog 2 an inoculum of 5000 sporulated oocysts and dog 3 received 1000 sporulated oocysts of N. caninum. The total feces excreted by these dogs were collected and examined daily for a period of 30 days. No oocysts were found in their feces. The dogs were monitored monthly for a 6-month period to observe a possible seroconversion and when this occurred the animals were eliminated from the experiment. Dogs 1 and 4 seroconverted 1 month after the infection with titer, in the IFAT, of 1600 and 800, respectively; the other two dogs presented no seroconvertion during the 6-month period. Dogs 1 and 2 were euthanized 180 days after infection and were examined for the detection of N. caninum in tissues (brain, muscle, lymph node, liver, lung, heart and bone marrow) by immunohistochemistry and PCR with negative results in both techniques. Bioassay in gerbils with brain of these dogs was also performed and again the results were negative. In conclusion, dogs infected with sporulated oocysts of N. caninum were not able to shed oocysts in feces. However, a higher dose of infection stimulated the production of antibodies against N. caninum in the dogs.  相似文献   

In vitro inhibitory effect of trichostatin A on canine grade 3 mast cell tumor     

Nagamine MK  Sanches DS  Pinello KC  Torres LN  Mennecier G  Latorre AO  Fukumasu H  Dagli ML 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(6):391-399

Mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms that affect skin and soft tissue in dogs. Because mast cell tumors present a great variety of clinical appearance and behavior, their treatment becomes a challenge. Trichostatin A (TSA), an antifungal antibiotic, has shown inhibitory effects on the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in various types of cancer cells. In order to evaluate the potential of trichostatin A as a therapeutic drug, cells of grade 3 MCT were cultured and treated with concentrations of 1 nM to 400 nM of TSA. MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assays were performed to estimate cell growth and cell viability, and cell cycle analysis was evaluated. TSA treatment showed a reduction in numbers of viable cells and an increase of cell death by apoptosis. The cell cycle analysis showed an increase of hypodiploid cells and a reduction of G0/G1 and G2/M –phases. According to these results, trichostatin A may be an interesting potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of canine MCT.  相似文献   

A prospective multicenter observational study of Viperidae polyvalent immune F(ab’)2 antivenom administration for the treatment of viper envenomation in dogs     

Michele Vanni  Luigi Intorre  Michele Corazza  Valentina Meucci  Sandro Parti 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(1):34-40

  相似文献   

Combinations of cactus pear with different roughage sources on the production,chemical composition,and milk fatty acid profile of F1 Holstein/Zebu cows     

Soares  Camila  Rocha Júnior  Vicente Ribeiro  Monção  Flávio Pinto  Borges  Lucas Daniel Alcântara  Caldeira  Luciana Albuquerque  Costa  Natanael Mendes  Ruas  José Reinaldo Mendes  Rigueira  João Paulo Sampaio  da Cunha Siqueira Carvalho  Cinara  de Sales  Eleuza Clarete Junqueira  de Assis Pires  Daniel Ananias  Chamone  Julieta Maria Alencar 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(5):2567-2576

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The qualities of food, mainly of animal origin, have always been of concern to consumers. It is known that the composition of animals’ diets can...  相似文献   

Serum biochemistry of the Arrau turtle (Podocnemis expansa): Frozen analyte stability and the effects of long-term storage     

Fabricio Camargo  Nadjanaira B. Abrão  Thawanne D. Queiroz  Emmanuel Arhnold  Luciana B. M. Araújo  Danieli B. Martins 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2020,49(1):42-47

  相似文献   

Impacts of the nitrogen application on productivity and nutrients concentrations of the corn-Congo grass intercropping system in the dry season     

Karina Batista  Alessandra Aparecida Giacomini  Luciana Gerdes  Waldssimiler Teixeira De Mattos  Ivani Pozar Otsuk 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):567-577

ABSTRACT

The corn-grass intercropping system began to be used in the dry season, as it provides increased straw production for the no-tillage system. However, corn and grass are plants demanding in nitrogen. The corn cultivated in the dry season is called out-of-season corn in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and nutrients concentrations of out-of-season corn and Congo-grass intercropped in the no-tillage system, as a function of the nitrogen rates applied in sidedressing. The treatments were four nitrogen rates, 0, 30, 60 and 90?kg?ha^?1. The experimental design was randomised complete blocks with four replicates. The experimental period corresponded to the harvests of 2015 and 2016. There were evaluated: corn grain yield, dry mass production and nutrient concentration in the shoots of the plants intercropped. The evaluations were carried out at the physiological maturity stage of the corn and at the time of desiccation of the grass. Nitrogen increased grain yield and dry mass production of the plants intercropped. Nitrogen maximised the magnesium concentration in out-of-season corn and the nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and sulphur concentrations in Congo grass. Excess nitrogen promoted reduction of the phosphorus in the Corn-Congo grass intercropping system in the dry season.  相似文献   

Trichoderma as a biological agent of Fusarium oxysporum species complex and Vigna unguiculata growth promoter     

do Amaral  Ana Cl&#;udia Ten&#;rio  de Holanda Cavalcanti Maciel  Mar&#;lia  Machado  Alexandre Reis  de Oliveira  Luciana Gon&#;alves  Lima  Cristiano Souza  da Costa  Antonio F&#;lix  de Oliveira  Neiva Tinti 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(4):875-890

European Journal of Plant Pathology - This study aimed to evaluate the potential antagonistic role of Trichoderma in the control of Fusarium isolates belonging to the Fusarium oxysporum species...  相似文献