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11.
Vides JP Schwardt TF Sobrinho LS Marinho M Laurenti MD Biondo AW Leutenegger C Marcondes M 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,178(1-2):22-28
Although dogs are considered the main domestic reservoirs for Visceral Leishmaniosis (VL), which is caused in the Americas by Leishmania chagasi, infected cats have also been recently found in endemic areas of several countries and became a public health concern. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate cats with dermatologic lesions from an endemic area of VL and the natural infection of L. chagasi. A total of 55 cats were selected between April 2008 and November 2009 from two major animal shelters of Ara?atuba, Southeastern Brazil. All cats underwent general and dermatologic examinations, followed by direct parasitological examination of lymphoid organs, immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT). In addition, detection of amastigotes was performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in skin lesions of all cats. VL was diagnosed in 27/55 (49.1%) cats with dermatological problems. Amastigotes were found in lymphoid organs of 10/27 (37.0%) cats; serology of 14/27 (51.9%), 6/27 (22.2%) and 5/27 (18.5%) cats was positive for ELISA, IFAT and both, respectively. The IHC identified 9/27 (33.3%) cats; 5/27 (18.5%) were positive only for IHC and therefore increased the overall sensitivity. Specific FIV antibodies were found in 6/55 (10.9%) cats, of which 5/6 (83.3%) had leishmaniosis. Real time PCR followed by amplicon sequencing successfully confirmed L. chagasi infection. In conclusion, dermatological lesions in cats from endemic areas was highly associated to visceral leishmaniosis, and therefore skin IHC and differential diagnosis of LV should be always conducted in dermatological patients in such areas. 相似文献
12.
Faleiro L Miguel G Gomes S Costa L Venâncio F Teixeira A Figueiredo AC Barroso JG Pedro LG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(21):8162-8168
Antilisterial activities of Thymbra capitata and Origanum vulgare essential oils were tested against 41 strains of Listeria monocytogenes. The oil of T. capitata was mainly constituted by one component, carvacrol (79%), whereas for O. vulgare three components constituted 70% of the oil, namely, thymol (33%), gamma-terpinene (26%), and p-cymene (11%). T. capitata essential oil had a significantly higher antilisterial activity in comparison to O. vulgare oil and chloramphenicol. No significant differences in L. monocytogenes susceptibilities to the essential oils tested were registered. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of T. capitata essential oil and of carvacrol were quite similar, ranging between 0.05 and 0.2 microL/mL. Antioxidant activity was also tested, the essential oil of T. capitata showing significantly higher antioxidant activity than that of O. vulgare. Use of T. capitata and O. vulgare essential oils can constitute a powerful tool in the control of L. monocytogenes in food and other industries. 相似文献
13.
Rostislav Zemek Miroslava Kurowská Ludmila Kameníková Gabriela Zemková Rovenská Jiří Havel František Reindl 《Journal of pest science》2005,78(2):115-116
Caraway (Carum carvi L.) belongs to the traditional crops which have been grown in Bohemia since the end of the 19th century. Depressaria daucella (Denis and Schiffermüller) and Aceria carvi Nal. are two main pests of caraway in the Czech Republic. The latter becomes a serious problem in major caraway-growing areas. So far, no effective method for its control is known. The aim of this paper is to describe the phenology of symptoms of A. carvi infestation and damage caused by this pest. Our observation revealed that although A. carvi overwinters hidden within leaves of young caraway plants, the first symptoms are usually not visible before the start of flowering. Though the initial density of the pest is low, the mite population multiplies during the season when the pest attacks plant tissues and causes development of galls on leaves and flowers. Comparison of healthy plants and plants infested by A. carvi showed that infested plants had significantly more umbels but produced far fewer seeds, and the yield of caraway was thus substantially decreased. Recommendations for crop management methods to suppress the pest are given.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 相似文献
14.
Anthony J. Conner L.C. Paul Keizer Ludmila Mlynárová Willem J. Stiekema Jan-Peter Nap 《Euphytica》1998,102(2):161-168
A full diallel analysis is a tool for selection in plant breeding that has been subject to many discussions and controversies
regarding its interpretation and merits. The analysis of well-defined transgenes by such an approach permits assessment of
the value of diallel analyses. The performance of the Eberhart/Gardner diallel approach is analysed for the β-glucuronidase
(GUS) activity of six well-defined, homozygous one-locus tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) transgenic lines, each carrying differently
located alleles of the GUS gene, and the nulliplex wild type. Tobacco is an inbreeding plant species, therefore all these
lines are fully isogenic apart from the T-DNA insertion. The analysis shows that additivity of GUS gene activity as well as
epistatic gene silencing translate well in the diallel parameters of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining
ability (SCA) or more detailed versions thereof, when compared to a parsimonious model based on the precise genetic constitution
of the transgenic plants lines used as parents. The tobacco line with the highest GUS activity also has the highest GCA, demonstrating
that an evaluation of parental phenotype would be sufficient for determining breeding potential. In case of the epistatic
gene silencing, however, there is no positive correlation between GCA and parental performance, the reduction in GUS activity
is more severe than is to be expected on the basis of parental performance.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Somaclones (R3 and R4 generations) regenerated from five winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were evaluated for variation in agronomic
and morphological characters. Immature embryos were used as initial explant material. Comparisons for plant height, top internode
length, spike length, number of seeds per spike and 100 seed weight were made between the somaclones and their parents. Some
morphological variations of stem and spike characteristics were registered which demonstrate that plant height and spike length
can be changed by using immature embryo culture. The results obtained may be considered a biotechnological contribution to
wheat plant improvement.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
We assessed the diversity of rodent communities in the deserts of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Central Asia using geographic information system technology. There are 66 species of rodents, belonging to eight faunistic complexes, inhabiting this area. We discuss the geographical changes occurring in taxonomic and zoogeographic diversity at both species and community levels. Communities of gerbils and jerboas dominate in the Turan Desert region (66% of the area). Steppe communities of susliks penetrate the deserts from the north. Farming in deserts causes the replacement of native rodent communities with mouse communities or completely eradicates rodents in their main habitats. 相似文献
17.
Manytoolssuchasboningknives,meatmincingmachinecrossknivesandgrates,cutterknivesthatarewidelyusednowadaysinmeatprocessingindustryhavelowsafetyindex.Inthisconnectionitbecamenecessarytoimprovecuttingtoolsbyincreasingtheirsafety.1 Meatmincingmachinecrosskn… 相似文献
18.
19.
Stock size, distribution, size and age composition, and growth of Japanese scallops,Mizuhopecten yessoensis, were studied at eight sites in Possjet Bay, Sea of Japan, Russia. At seven sites, most of the scallops were cultured animals
(seeded as one-year-olds in 1986–1989). At the eighth site, only native (i.e. naturally settled) scallops were present. Cultured
scallops had an irregular strip-like distribution at all locations. Maximum growth of scallops occurred in the northwestern
part of Reid Pallada Bight. Only at Temp Bight did both native and the majority of cultured scallops attain the harvest size
of 100 mm shell height at age 3 years. At all other sites in Possjet Bay, cultured scallops reached harvest size at an age
of 4 years. 相似文献
20.
Dolejska M Jurcickova Z Literak I Pokludova L Bures J Hera A Kohoutova L Smola J Cizek A 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,149(3-4):513-516
The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli bovine isolates on a conventional dairy cattle farm with high consumption of parenteral and intramammary cephalosporins (farm A) and on an organic dairy farm with no cephalosporin use (farm B). ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated from rectal swabs and milk filters by selective cultivation on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime (2mg/l). ESBL genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, and the genetic diversity of the isolates was determined by XbaI pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Conjugative transfer, incompatibility group, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles of the ESBL-carrying plasmids were studied. Higher prevalence (39%, n(rectal samples in cows)=309) of CTX-M-1-producing E. coli isolates was found on farm A compared to farm B (<1%, n(rectal samples in cows)=154; 0%, n(rectal samples in calves)=46). Using PFGE, the isolates from farm A were divided into nine pulsotypes. In all ESBL-positive isolates, the bla(CTX-M-1) gene was carried on 40 kb IncN conjugative plasmids of three related HincII restriction profiles. Horizontal gene transfer through transmission of IncN plasmids harboring bla(CTX-M-1) as well as clonal dissemination of a particular clone seems to be involved in dissemination of CTX-M-1-producing E. coli isolates in cows on the farm using cephalosporins in treating bacterial infections. The study demonstrates a possible role of cephalosporin use in the widespread occurrence of CTX-M-1-producing E. coli on the conventional dairy cattle farm compared to the organic farm. 相似文献