Characterization of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Newport isolated from animals, the environment, and animal food products in Canada          下载免费PDF全文

Cornelius Poppe  Laura Martin  Anne Muckle  Marie Archambault  Scott McEwen    Emily Weir 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(2):105-114

Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Newport strains are increasingly isolated from animals and food products of animal origin and have caused septicemic illness in animals and humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence and the epidemiologic, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics of S. Newport of animal origin that may infect humans, either via the food chain or directly. During the 1993-2002 period, the Office International des Epizooties Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis in Guelph, Ontario, received 36 841 Salmonella strains for serotyping that had been isolated from animals, environmental sources, and food of animal origin in Canada. Of these, 119 (0.3%) were S. Newport. Before 2000, none of 49 S. Newport strains was resistant to more than 3 antimicrobials. In contrast, between January 2000 and December 2002, 35 of 70 isolates, primarily of bovine origin, were resistant to at least 11 antimicrobials, including the extended-spectrum cephalosporins. The blaCMY-2', flo(st'), strA, strB, sulII, and tetA resistance genes were located on plasmids of 80 to 90 MDa that were self-transmissible in 25% of the strains. Conserved segments of the integron 1 gene were found on the large MDR-encoding plasmids in 3 of 35 strains additionally resistant to gentamicin and spectinomycin or to spectinomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and trimethoprim. Resistance to kanamycin and neomycin was encoded by the aphA-1 gene, located on small plasmids (2.3 to 6 MDa). The increase in bovine-associated MDR S. Newport infections is cause for concern since it indicates an increased risk of human acquisition of the infection via the food chain.  相似文献   

Exocrine pancreatic carcinoma and carcinomatosis with abdominal effusion containing mast cells in a ferret (Mustela putorius furo).     

Julia K Whittington  Jessica A Emerson  Thomas M Satkus  Gaurav Tyagi  Anne Barger  Marie E Pinkerton 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2006,9(3):643-650

This case describes the clinical presentation and findings of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in a 9-year-old female sprayed ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Transcoelomic metastasis and hemorrhagic abdominal effusion were secondary to the neoplasm. The finding of mast cells in abdominal effusion, with a leukocyte component composed primarily of lymphocytes and lesser numbers of neutrophils and macrophages, is an atypical finding, never before reported in ferrets.  相似文献   

Mycobacterium szulgai infection in a captive population of African clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis).     

Norin Chai  Lionel Deforges  Wladimir Sougakoff  Chantal Truffot-Pernot  Amaury De Luze  Barbara Demeneix  Marie Clément  Marie Claude Bomsel 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(1):55-58

A colony of captive Xenopus tropicalis became infected with Mycobacterium szulgai. Clinical signs, when observed, were lethargy, weight loss, and emaciation. Visceral granulomas were common findings at laparoscopy and necropsy. The diagnosis of mycobacteriosis was based on histologic appearance and Ziehl-Neelsen staining of tissues. The identification of M. szulgai organisms was based on comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence with several GenBank databases. There have been no reports of this mycobacterial species as the causative agent of naturally occurring disease in amphibians.  相似文献   

Evaluation of hematological, chemistry and blood gas values in dogs receiving hemoglobin glutamer-200     

Marie E. Kerl  DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC    Paige F. Langdon  DVM  DACVIM    Charles E. Wiedmeyer  DVM  PhD  DACVP    Keith R. Branson  DVM  DACVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(1):37-44

Objective: To evaluate the degree of interference that administration of hemoglobin glutamer‐200 (Hb‐200) caused for complete blood counts (CBC), biochemical profiles, cooximetry, and point of care (POC) testing in healthy dogs. Design: Prospective, longitudinal experimental study. Setting: Veterinary medical teaching hospital. Animals: Six purpose‐bred research hounds. Interventions: Dogs were administered FDA‐approved hemoglobin‐based oxygen carrier (Hb‐200) intravenously at 7.5 mL/kg over 2 hours. Arterial and venous blood samples were obtained before administration (Time 0) and at 3, 8, 14, 26, 50, 74, 98, 122, and 146 hours following administration. Measurements and main results: No adverse health effects were observed in any of the dogs. Characteristic mucous membrane, serum, and plasma color changes occurred following administration of Hb‐200. Laboratory values that were significantly lower than baseline included packed cell volume, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Laboratory values that were significantly greater than baseline included mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, arterial pH, arterial total carbon dioxide, arterial bicarbonate, amylase, albumin, total protein, globulin, calcium, phosphorous, total bilirubin, carboxyhemoglobin, and methemoglobin. All values returned to baseline by the completion of the 146‐hour monitoring period. Conclusions: In normal dogs, administration of Hb‐200 resulted in statistically significant changes in multiple laboratory parameters; however, these changes are not likely to be clinically significant in the care of critically ill dogs.  相似文献   

Organic acidemia in a young cat associated with cobalamin deficiency     

Efrat Kelmer  DVM  MS    G. Diane Shelton  DVM  PhD    David A. Williams  VetMB  PhD    Craig G. Ruaux  BVSc  PhD    Marie E. Kerl  DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC    Dennis P. O'Brien  DVM  PhD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(3):299-304

Objective: To describe a case of severe metabolic acidosis and encephalopathy secondary to cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency in a young cat. Case summary: A 4‐year‐old spayed female domestic short hair cat weighing 2.5 kg, presented with a 2‐day history of neurological signs referable to the cerebrum. The cat was evaluated for similar episodes twice before, however, no definitive diagnosis was made for either visit. On presentation the cat was minimally responsive and had a metabolic acidosis and ketonuria with no apparent reason, such as lactic acidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient was diagnosed postmortem with an organic acidemia secondary to low Cbl levels. New or unique information provided: The purpose of this report is to alert emergency clinicians to be suspicious of an organic acidemia in any case of metabolic acidosis and ketonuria that cannot be explained. Early identification of inherited organic acidemias in domestic animals may allow prompt and appropriate treatment of these conditions.  相似文献   

Review of hypocalcemia in septic patients     

Marie K. Holowaychuk  DVM    Linda G. Martin  DVM  MS  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):348-358

Objective: To review the occurrence and etiologies of hypocalcemia in septic human and veterinary patients. Data sources: A thorough search was conducted using CAB abstracts and MEDLINE and the keywords hypocalcemia, ionized calcium, sepsis, and procalcitonin (proCT). Human data synthesis: Ionized hypocalcemia (iHCa) is a common finding in septic human patients. The cause is unknown but is likely multifactorial. Low ionized calcium (iCa²⁺) concentrations coincide with increased severity of illness and increased mortality. Recent studies show that iHCa has a strong correlation with elevated calcitonin precursor concentrations. Veterinary data synthesis: There is a paucity of publications in the veterinary literature pertaining to iHCa in septic animals. Experimental models of sepsis indicate that iHCa exists in animals. iHCa has also been investigated in horses with enterocolitis and endotoxemia. Prospective studies are needed to determine the prevalence of iHCa among septic small animals, and to determine whether iHCa correlates with increased mortality and severity of disease. Indications for the treatment of iHCa in septic small animals also need to be investigated. Conclusions: iHCa is well documented in septic human patients, but little is known about iHCa in septic veterinary patients. Future veterinary studies should focus on documenting the presence of iHCa in septic patients and steps should be taken to determine the cause. proCT concentrations may show promise for predicting sepsis and mortality in critically ill veterinary patients.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND CT FINDINGS IN A GRAY SEAL (HALICHOERUS GRYPUS) WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS,PYELONEPHRITIS, AND NEPHROLITHIASIS     

Marie de Swarte  Jill Bryan  Micaela Zarelli  Vihelmiina Huuskonen  Wilfried Schneeweiss  Hester McAllister 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(5):555-559

An immature gray seal was presented with lethargy, weight loss, vomiting and hematuria. Hepatic disease and urinary tract infection were suspected. Abdominal ultrasound showed hyperechoic structures with marked acoustic shadowing spread throughout both kidneys, but incomplete visualization of the liver. Abdominal CT showed mineral densities scattered throughout both kidneys and poor delineation of the liver. Due to the poor quality of life, the seal was euthanized. Postmortem examination showed ammonium urate nephroliths, pyelonephritis, and hepatic cirrhosis. This case report emphasizes the difficulty of characterizing liver disease with conventional 2D‐ultrasound and CT in a deep‐chested animal with minimal intra‐abdominal fat.  相似文献   

Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006-2016)     

Eloi Guarnieri  Gilles Fecteau  Julie Berman  André Desrochers  Marie Babkine  Sylvain Nichols  David Francoz 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(2):1018-1027

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Annual booster vaccination and the risk of equine influenza to Thoroughbred racehorses     

Sarah Gildea  Pamela Lyons  Rachel Lyons  Jacinta Gahan  Marie Garvey  Ann Cullinane 《Equine veterinary journal》2020,52(4):509-515

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Genomic selection strategies to improve maternal traits in Norwegian White Sheep     

Marie Lillehammer  Anna K. Sonesson  Gunnar Klemetsdal  Thor Blichfeldt  Theo H. E. Meuwissen 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(4):384-394

This study tested and compared different implementation strategies for genomic selection for Norwegian White Sheep, aiming to increase genetic gain for maternal traits. These strategies were evaluated for their genetic gain ingrowth, carcass and maternal traits, total genetic gain, a weighted sum of the gain in each trait and rates of inbreeding through a full-scale stochastic simulation. Results showed genomic selection schemes to increase genetic gain for maternal traits but reduced genetic gain for other traits. This could also be obtained by selecting rams for artificial selection at a higher age. Implementation of genomic selection in the current breeding structure increased genetic gain for maternal traits up to 57%, outcompeted by reducing the generation interval for artificial insemination rams from current 3 to 2 years. Then, total genetic gain for maternal traits increased by 65%–77% and total genetic gain by18%–20%, but at increased rates of inbreeding.  相似文献