Evaluation of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil by direct injection in high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection     

Selvaggini R  Servili M  Urbani S  Esposto S  Taticchi A  Montedoro G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(8):2832-2838

Hydrophilic phenols are the most abundant natural antioxidants of virgin olive oil (VOO), in which tocopherols and carotenes are also present. The prevalent classes of hydrophilic phenols found in VOO are phenyl alcohols, phenolic acids, secoiridoids such as the dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl elenolic acid linked to (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol or (p-hydroxypheny1)ethanol (3,4-DHPEA-EDA or p-HPEA-EDA) and an isomer of the oleuropein aglycon (3,4-DHPEA-EA), lignans such as (+)-1-acetoxypinoresinol and (+)-pinoresinol, and flavonoids. A new method for the analysis of VOO hydrophilic phenols by direct injection in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with the use of a fluorescence detector (FLD) has been proposed and compared with the traditional liquid-liquid extraction technique followed by the HPLC analysis utilizing a diode array detector (DAD) and a FLD. Results show that the most important classes of phenolic compounds occurring in VOO can be evaluated using HPLC direct injection. The efficiency of the new method, as compared to the liquid-liquid extraction, was higher to quantify phenyl alcohols, lignans, and 3,4-DHPEA-EA and lower for the evaluation of 3,4-DHPEA-EDA and p-HPEA-EDA.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis?     

Vergine M  Frati M  Pozzo S  Bertazzolo W 《The Journal of small animal practice》2006,47(3):165-167

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Severe cholestatic liver disease secondary to liver fluke (Platynosomum concinnum) infection in three cats     

Haney DR  Christiansen JS  Toll J 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2006,42(3):234-237

Three middle-aged domestic cats were presented for vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, and jaundice. Complete blood counts, serum biochemical profiles, and abdominal ultrasounds were suggestive of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in all of the cats. Infection with the liver fluke Platynosomum concinnum was confirmed by intraoperative bile cytology in three cases and by histopathology in two cases. All three cats were euthanized in the postoperative period because of complications. These cases illustrate the severity of signs and complications that can occur with liver fluke infection in cats.  相似文献   

Assessment of mast cells degranulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) by means of gray level and texture analysis (Gray Level Correlation Matrices)     

Manera M  Borreca C 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):886-891

Degranulation of intestinal mast cells in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) was studied by means of image analysis technique. Two strips from the same intestinal segment from ten clinically healthy trout were sampled. One was immediately mounted in an organ bath, treated with compound 48/80 and then processed, as the remnant untreated strip, for light microscopy. Colour pictures taken from each section were converted in their gray levels RGB stacks equivalent and in 8 bits gray levels. Five granular cytoplasm areas of mast cells (MCs) for each section were analysed for the following parameters: mean gray values and Gray Level Correlation Matrices parameters. All RGB channels and the 8 bit gray levels transformed images showed higher mean gray level values after compound 48/80 exposure (Anova, p<0.01). Only two channels (Red and Green) and the 8 bit gray levels transformed images of a unique texture parameter (contrast) appeared to be significantly higher after compound 48/80 exposure (Anova, p<0.05). Red channel and Blue channel means gray level values were able to discriminate between not degranulated and degranulated MCs. The described model represents a promising alternative in mast cell research.  相似文献   

The effects of restriction of movement on the reliability of heart rate variability measurements in the horse (Equus caballus)     

Valentina Vitale  Rita Balocchi  Maurizio Varanini  Micaela Sgorbini  Alberto Macerata  Claudio Sighieri  Paolo Baragli 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2013,8(5):400-403

Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive approach for investigating the sympathovagal balance of the autonomic nervous system. In recent years, HRV has been increasingly evaluated in animal research. In horses, it has been suggested that basal resting conditions can be achieved by restraining them. The aim of this study was to verify how restriction of movement influences HRV i2n horses. Ten healthy standardbred mares were used to measure the electrocardiographic signal under 2 conditions: free to move in the stall and restrained in the stock. Results indicate that the restriction of movement is associated with increased nervous system sympathetic activity not consistent with resting conditions.  相似文献   

Small ruminant lentiviruses in Jordan: evaluation of sheep and goat serological response using recombinant and peptide antigens     

Francesco Tolari  Wafa’a Al-Ramadneh  Maurizio Mazzei  Maria Luisa Carrozza  Mario Forzan  Patrizia Bandecchi  Elena Grego  Sergio Rosati 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(6):1335-1340

Small ruminant lentiviruses infect sheep and goats worldwide, causing chronic progressive diseases and relevant economic losses. Disease eradication and prevention is mostly based on serological testing. The goal of this research was to investigate the presence of the small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) in Jordan and to characterize the serological response in sheep and goat populations. A panel of sera were collected from flocks located in Northern Jordan and Jordan Valley. The samples were tested using three ELISA assays: a commercially available ELISA based on p25 recombinant protein and transmembrane peptide derived from British maedi–visna virus (MVV) EV1 strain, an ELISA based on P16-P25 recombinant protein derived from two Italian strains representative of MVV- and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)-like SRLVs, and an ELISA based on SU5 peptide from the same two Italian isolates. The results indicate that both MVV- and CAEV-like strains are present in Jordan and that the majority of the viruses circulating among sheep and goat populations belong to the MVV-like genotype.  相似文献   

Kiwellin, a modular protein from green and gold kiwi fruits: evidence of in vivo and in vitro processing and IgE binding     

Tuppo L  Giangrieco I  Palazzo P  Bernardi ML  Scala E  Carratore V  Tamburrini M  Mari A  Ciardiello MA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(10):3812-3817

Kiwellin, an allergenic protein formerly isolated from green kiwi fruit, has been identified as the most abundant component of the gold kiwi species. A protein named KiTH, showing a 20 kDa band on reducing SDS-PAGE and 100% identity with the C-terminal region of kiwellin, has been identified in the extract of the ripe green species. In vitro treatment of purified kiwellin with the protease actinidin from green kiwi fruit originated KiTH and kissper, a recently described pore-forming peptide. Primary structure analysis and experimental evidence suggest that kiwellin is a modular protein with two domains. It may undergo in vivo proteolytic processing by actinidin, thus producing KiTH and kissper. When probed with sera recognizing kiwellin from green kiwi fruit, KiTH showed IgE binding, with reactivity levels sometimes different from those of kiwellin. The IgE-binding capacity of kiwellin from gold kiwi fruit appears to be similar to that of the green species.  相似文献   

Applications of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy in food science     

Bertocchi F  Paci M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(20):9317-9327

The principal applications of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy, in the field of food science, are reviewed, after a short general introduction, mainly focusing on the potential of these investigations, which are, today, routine tools for resolving technological problems. Selected examples of the applications in the field of food science of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy both in (13)C and in (1)H NMR particularly illustrative of the results obtainable are reported in some detail.  相似文献   

Volatile and color composition of young and model-aged Shiraz wines as affected by diammonium phosphate supplementation before alcoholic fermentation     

Ugliano M  Siebert T  Mercurio M  Capone D  Henschke PA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(19):9175-9182

A Shiraz must with low yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) was supplemented with two concentrations of diammonium phosphate (DAP) and then fermented with maceration on grape skins. The nonvolatile, volatile, and color composition of the final wines were investigated. Ethanol and residual sugars were not affected by DAP supplementation, while glycerol, SO 2, and residual YAN increased and acetic acid decreased. DAP-supplemented treatments gave rise to higher concentrations of acetates, fatty acids, and fatty acid ethyl esters but lower concentrations of branched-chain fatty acids and their ethyl esters. No major difference between treatments was observed for higher alcohols, monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, and low-molecular-weight sulfur compounds. DAP-supplemented fermentations resulted in wines with higher concentrations of malvidin-3-glucoside, higher color intensity, and altered color tonality. Model aging studies indicated that higher concentrations of esters are still present in wines from the DAP-treated fermentations after aging. DAP supplementation also resulted in increased concentrations of dimethyl sulfide after model aging. It can be concluded that DAP treatment of a low YAN must fermented by maceration on skins can significantly affect wine color, aroma, and flavor.  相似文献   

Ophthalmic lesions in a population of cold‐stunned sea turtles (Chelonia mydas,Lepidochelys kempii,Caretta caretta)     

Melissa J. Lively  Hans D. Westermeyer  Craig A. Harms  Emily F. Christiansen 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(6):910-915

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