Estimation of daily milk yield of Nellore cows grazing tropical pastures     

Daniel Mageste de Almeida  Marcos Inácio Marcondes  Luciana Navajas Rennó  Lívia Vieira de Barros  Carla Heloísa Avelino Cabral  Leandro Soares Martins  David Esteban Contreras Marquez  Felipe Vélez Saldarriaga  Faider Alberto Castaño Villadiego  Manuela Acevedo Cardozo  Roman Maza Ortega  Javier Enrique Garces Cardenas  Virginia Lucia Neves Brandão  Mário Fonseca Paulino 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1771-1777

Beef cows’ milk yield is typically determined by measuring milk yield once daily and then doubling this value to estimate daily production. However, it is not known whether this is accurate. Thus, we aimed to determine the association between morning and afternoon milk yield in grazing Nellore cows. Eighty Nellore cows were used, with initial weight of 516.0?±?1.0 kg. The experiment was a completely randomized factorial scheme, with 20 replications and four treatments (i.e., +?or ??pre-partum supplementation in combination with +?or ??post-partum supplementation): PRMM—1 kg of supplement/cow/day for 90 days pre-partum; MMPS—1 kg of supplement/cow/day for 90 days post-partum; PRPS—1 kg of supplement/cow/day for 90 days pre-partum and 90 days post-partum; and MM—only mineral mix ad libitum during pre- and post-partum. Milk was sampled on days 45, 135, and 225 post-partum (early, middle, and late lactation, respectively). No effects were observed of pre- and post-partum supplementation on milk yield (P?>?0.05). The afternoon/morning proportion of 0.45 in the early third of lactation was higher than other stages, which had a proportion of 0.41 (P?<?0.05). Post-partum supplementation increased milk protein in the morning and afternoon milking (P?<?0.05). There was also no effect of pre- and post-partum supplementation on afternoon-morning proportion other milk components (P?>?0.05). We conclude that estimating daily milk production of grazing beef cattle by multiplying a once daily milking amount times two is not accurate. Under the conditions of this study, proportion of total daily production represented by the ratio of afternoon/morning milking was 0.45 in early lactation (first third) and 0.41 in mid- and late lactation.  相似文献   

The prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) antibodies in dromedary camels in Israel          下载免费PDF全文

Jennifer L. Harcourt  Nir Rudoler  Azaibi Tamin  Eyal Leshem  Michal Rasis  Michael Giladi  Lia M. Haynes 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(6):749-754

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS‐CoV, was identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and as of January 29, 2018, there were 2,123 laboratory‐confirmed MERS‐CoV cases reported to WHO (WHO, 2018, https://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/ ). Multiple studies suggest that dromedary camels are a source for human MERS‐CoV infection. MERS‐CoV‐specific antibodies have been detected in the serum of dromedary camels across Northern Africa and across the Arabian Peninsula. Israel's geographic location places Israel at risk for MERS‐CoV infection. To date, MERS‐CoV‐related illness has not been reported and the burden of MERS‐CoV infection in the Israeli population is unknown. The seroprevalence of MERS‐CoV‐specific antibodies in Israeli dromedary camels is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MERS‐CoV seropositivity in dromedary camels in Israel. The prevalence of MERS‐CoV antibodies in Israeli camels was examined in 71 camel sera collected from four farms across Israel by MERS‐CoV‐specific microneutralization (Mnt) assay and confirmed by MERS‐CoV‐specific immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Although this study cannot rule out potential antibody cross‐reactivity by IFA, the presence of bovine coronavirus‐specific antibodies do not appear to impact detection of MERS‐CoV antibodies by Mnt. MERS‐CoV neutralizing antibodies were detectable in 51 (71.8%) camel sera, and no association was observed between the presence of neutralizing antibodies and camel age or gender. These findings extend the known range of MERS‐CoV circulation in Middle Eastern camels. The high rate of MERS‐CoV‐specific antibody seropositivity in dromedary camels in the absence of any reported human MERS cases suggests that there is still much to be learned about the dynamics of camel‐to‐human transmission of MERS‐CoV.  相似文献   

Effects of needle gauge and syringe size on small intestinal leakage at injection sites     

Kenneth J. Brand  Emily Hess  Marije Risselada 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(7):1237-1244

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Retrospective evaluation of intravenous catheterization in client-owned lizards at a veterinary teaching hospital: 21 cases (2018–2021)     

Marina Liles DVM  João Brandão LMV  MS  DECZM  Nicola Di Girolamo DVM  PhD  DECZM  DACZM  DACVPM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2023,33(2):236-241

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Simulated keratometry and central corneal thickness measured in cats by autokeratometer,ultrasonic pachymeter,and Galilei G6™     

Leticia de Andrade Ramos  Cláudia Valéria Seullner Brandão  Carlos Guillermo Arce  Laura Micheline  Micaella Gordon Gandolfi  Carlos Roberto Padovani 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2023,26(2):128-134

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Experimental handling stress as infection-facilitating factor for the goldfish ulcerative disease     

Dror M  Sinyakov MS  Okun E  Dym M  Sredni B  Avtalion RR 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,109(3-4):279-287

Experimental handling stress (EHS) was applied to clinically asymptomatic farmed goldfish (Carassius auratus L.). EHS affected the gills and skin integrity of the fish and was accompanied by increased levels of plasma glucose, cortisol and interleukin-10 (IL-10). EHS application was followed by highly significant enhancement of the rate of infection with a virulent Aeromonas salmonicida isolate. Cumulative ulceration at the initial phase of the ensuing goldfish ulcerative disease (GUD) evidenced a facilitating role of EHS in the onset of GUD. Host susceptibility to the pathogen increased from 40% in unstressed fish to 90% in the stressed fish. A. salmonicida could be reisolated from the early-stage skin lesions only, whereas opportunistic strains, other than A. salmonicida (A. sobria and A. hydrophila), were recovered from progressive-stage ulcers. The implication of these findings in fish aquaculture is discussed.  相似文献   

Nutritionally induced relationships between insulin levels during the weaning-to-ovulation interval and reproductive characteristics in multiparous sows: II. Luteal development, progesterone and conceptus development and uniformity     

Wientjes JG  Soede NM  van den Brand H  Kemp B 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(1):62-68

Insulin‐stimulating sow diets before mating improve piglet uniformity. We studied effects of nutritionally induced differences in insulin levels during the weaning‐to‐ovulation interval (WOI) on luteal development, progesterone secretion and pre‐implantation conceptus development and uniformity (d10). To create insulin contrasts, 32 multiparous sows were fed either a dextrose plus lactose containing diet (each 150 g/day) at 4 h intervals (DL treatment) or an isocalorically control diet (containing soybean oil) at 12 h intervals (CTRL treatment) during the WOI. After ovulation, all sows received a standard gestation diet at 12 h intervals. Ovulation rate, plasma progesterone levels, pregnancy rate and embryo survival did not differ between treatments. CTRL sows had a higher total luteal weight (11.2 vs 9.7 g; p = 0.03) than DL sows. Conceptus diameter at d10 of pregnancy tended to be larger in CTRL sows (diameter: 7.1 vs 6.4 mm; p = 0.07). Conceptus uniformity was not influenced by treatment. Insulin area under the curve (AUC) and mean insulin during the WOI were positively related with mean progesterone (β values were 0.78 (ng/ml)/1000 μU and 0.14 (ng/ml)/(μU/ml) for AUC and mean, respectively; p < 0.05) and maximal progesterone (β values were 1.46 (ng/ml)/1000 μU and 0.27 (ng/ml)/(μU/ml) for AUC and mean, respectively; p < 0.05) levels during the first 10 days of pregnancy, but not with conceptus development and uniformity. In conclusion, high insulin levels during the WOI seem to be beneficial for progesterone secretion in sows, probably mediated through beneficial effects of insulin on follicle development.  相似文献   

Phaeohyphomycotic osteomyelitis in the femur of a cat     

Michal O. Hess 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(10):878-880

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Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body condition on serum concentrations of adipokines in healthy dogs     

M Mazaki-Tovi  SK Abood  PA Schenck 《American journal of veterinary research》2012,73(8):1273-1281

Objective-To determine associations between serum concentrations of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or body condition and serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, glucose, or triglyceride in healthy dogs. Animals-62 healthy adult client-owned dogs. Procedures-Body condition score and percentage of body fat were determined. Blood samples were collected after food was withheld for 12 hours. Serum was harvested for total lipid determination, fatty acid analysis, and measurement of serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, glucose, and triglyceride. Associations between the outcome variables (adiponectin, leptin, insulin, glucose, and triglyceride concentrations) and each of several variables (age, sex, percentage of body fat, and concentrations of total lipid, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) were determined. Results-Serum concentrations of docosapentaenoic acid were significantly positively associated with concentrations of adiponectin and leptin and negatively associated with concentrations of triglyceride. Serum concentrations of α-linolenic acid were significantly positively associated with concentrations of triglyceride. No significant associations were detected between serum concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid and any of the outcome variables. Percentage of body fat was significantly positively associated with concentrations of leptin, insulin, and triglyceride but was not significantly associated with adiponectin concentration. Age was positively associated with concentrations of leptin, insulin, and triglyceride and negatively associated with concentrations of adiponectin. Sex did not significantly affect serum concentrations for any of the outcome variables. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Docosapentaenoic acid may increase serum concentrations of adiponectin and leptin and decrease serum triglyceride concentration in healthy dogs.  相似文献   

Signaling of cell fate decisions by CLAVATA3 in Arabidopsis shoot meristems   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Fletcher JC  Brand U  Running MP  Simon R  Meyerowitz EM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5409):1911-1914

In higher plants, organogenesis occurs continuously from self-renewing apical meristems. Arabidopsis thaliana plants with loss-of-function mutations in the CLAVATA (CLV1, 2, and 3) genes have enlarged meristems and generate extra floral organs. Genetic analysis indicates that CLV1, which encodes a receptor kinase, acts with CLV3 to control the balance between meristem cell proliferation and differentiation. CLV3 encodes a small, predicted extracellular protein. CLV3 acts nonautonomously in meristems and is expressed at the meristem surface overlying the CLV1 domain. These proteins may act as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway, coordinating growth between adjacent meristematic regions.  相似文献