Characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and A. ovis infection in a naturally infected sheep flock with poor health condition     

Alessandra Torina  Ruth C. Galindo  Joaquín Vicente  Vincenzo Di Marco  Miriam Russo  Vincenzo Aronica  Michele Fiasconaro  Salvatore Scimeca  Angelina Alongi  Santo Caracappa  Katherine M. Kocan  Christian Gortazar  José de la Fuente 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(7):1327-1331

Anaplasma species are transmitted by ticks and cause diseases in humans and animals. These pathogens infect sheep, an economically important domestic animal worldwide. The current study was designed to characterize in 200 animals the infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis and the genetic diversity of A. ovis strains collected from a naturally infected sheep flock with poor health condition. Sheep had 98% seroprevalence to Anaplasma spp. antibodies. PCR results confirmed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis DNA in 11.5% and 37% of the sheep, respectively. Concurrent infections were detected in 6.5% of the sheep. Seventy-one adult ticks were collected from 45 sheep with infestations ranging from one to 15 ticks per animal. The analysis of A. ovis msp4 sequences demonstrated a previously unreported polymorphism for this pathogen with 17 different haplotypes in infected sheep. These results demonstrated that, although A. ovis msp4 haplotypes may be less variable when compared with Anaplasma marginale and A. phagocytophilum strains on a global scale, genetic polymorphisms occur in this locus in strains obtained from an infected sheep flock with poor health condition.  相似文献   

Mechanical transmission of a strain of tulip breaking virus fromlilium longiflorum to chenopodium spp     

Miriam Alper  Renate Koenig  D. E. Lesemann  G. Loebenstein 《Phytoparasitica》1982,10(3):193-199

A virus, mechanically transmitted fromLilium longiflorum toChenopodium spp., was identified in morphological, serological and ultrastructural studies as tulip breaking virus (TBV). Data presented indicate that the isolate differs from other TBV strains in host range and ultrastructural pathology.  相似文献   

Hypercoaguable State Associated with a Deficiency of Protein C in a Thoroughbred Colt     

Lucy M. Edens DVM  MS    Debra Deem Morris DVM  MS    Keith W. Prasse DVM  PhD  Miriam R. Anver DVM  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1993,7(3):190-193

Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease with anticoagulant and profibrinolytic activity which is synthesized in the liver. Decreased protein C activity was detected in a Thoroughbred colt with clinical and histopathologic evidence of recurrent venous thrombosis. Although protein C activity was reduced, protein C antigen concentration was normal. Consumptive coagulopathies produce a decrease in both the functional and antigenic concentrations of protein C, thus a defect in protein C synthesis was suspected. Inhibition of gamma-carboxylation secondary to vitamin K antagonism results in the synthesis of a protein C molecule with antigenicity, but without biological activity. However, there was no evidence of vitamin K antagonism. The hypercoaguable state resulting from the reduced activity of protein C in this colt was associated with uncomplicated renal disease, rather than a protein C consumptive process such as endotoxemia. A primary hypercoaguable state due to a deficiency of protein C activity was diagnosed. Primary deficiencies of protein C activity have not been previously documented in horses.  相似文献   

Abortion due to Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis (S. Abortusovis) in ewes is associated to a lack of production of IFN-gamma and can be prevented by immunization with inactivated S. Abortusovis vaccine     

Cagiola M  Severi G  Forti K  Menichelli M  Papa P  De Giuseppe A  Pasquali P 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,121(3-4):330-337

Salmonellosis due to Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis (S. Abortusovis) is mainly characterized by abortion in sheep. Little is known about the immune response, which develops in the host as a result of infection. We evaluated the immune response of pregnant ewes vaccinated and successively exposed to full virulent S. Abortusovis. We found that vaccine constituted by inactivated S. Abortusovis induced both humoral and cellular-mediated immune response and that it provided protection against a challenge infection due to a fully virulent S. Abortusovis. Furthermore, we found an association between the lack of capability to produce IFN-gamma and abortion. This evidence suggests that protection against abortion can be associated to an IFN-gamma mediated mechanism. Our findings represent an interesting insight to better understand the interplay between host and S. Abortusovis and the effector mechanisms underpinning immune-based protection.  相似文献   

Birthweight determines intestinal microvasculature development and alters endothelial nitric oxide synthase density in young piglets     

Miriam Ayuso  Steven Van Cruchten  Chris Van Ginneken 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(5):627-634

Blood supply to enterocytes dictates intestinal health and nutrient absorption. These two aspects are impaired in low birthweight (LBW) piglets, but whether the perfusion to intestinal tissues is implicated as well is still unknown. Thus, structural changes in the microvasculature of LBW and normal birthweight (NBW) piglets were investigated during early postnatal development. Additionally, the presence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the intestinal mucosa was assessed given its important role to assure perfusion. A total of 22 pigs (11 LBW and 11 NBW) were sacrificed at days 0, 3, 8 and 19 of life. Body weight and intestinal length were recorded and a piece of the small intestine was sampled for immunohistochemical analysis of von Willebrand Factor (vWF, an endothelial cell marker) and eNOS. LBW piglets had a relatively (to body weight) longer intestine than their NBW counterparts. Age did not affect microvasculature, which was more abundant (85% larger vWF-positive area) in NBW than LBW pigs. However, an interaction age*BW was observed for eNOS-IR, showing that eNOS presence peaked in NBW piglets on the first day of life and subsequently decreased. This pattern was not observed in LBW piglets. The less abundant intestinal endothelial mass and the different pattern of eNOS expression observed in LBW piglets suggests microcirculation as a contributing factor in the impaired digestive functioning and gut health of LBW pigs. However, revealing whether the origin of this alteration is prenatal or postnatal, for example due to a lower milk intake, needs further study.  相似文献   

Spatial variability of hydrolytic and oxidative potential enzyme activities in different subsoil compartments     

Marie Uksa  Michael Schloter  Timo Kautz  Miriam Athmann  Ulrich Köpke  Doreen Fischer 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2015,51(4):517-521

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Cryopreservation for preservation of potato genetic resources     

Takao Niino  Miriam Valle Arizaga 《Breeding Science》2015,65(1):41-52

Cryopreservation is becoming a very important tool for the long-term storage of plant genetic resources and efficient cryopreservation protocols have been developed for a large number of plant species. Practical procedures, developed using in vitro tissue culture, can be a simple and reliable preservation option of potato genetic resources rather than maintaining by vegetative propagation in genebanks due their allogamous nature. Cryopreserved materials insure a long-term backup of field collections against loss of plant germplasm. Occurrence of genetic variation, in tissue culture cells during prolonged subcultures, can be avoided with suitable cryopreservation protocols that provide high regrowth, leading and facilitating a systematic and strategic cryo-banking of plant genetic resources. Cryopreservation protocols for potato reviewed here, can efficiently complement field and in vitro conservation, providing for preservation of genotypes difficult to preserve by other methods, wild types and other species decided as priority collections.  相似文献   

A New Understanding of Oral and Dental Pathology of the Equine Cheek Teeth     

Miriam Casey 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2013

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Pathogenic mechanisms implicated in the intravascular coagulation in the lungs of BVDV-infected calves challenged with BHV-1     

María A Risalde  Verónica Molina  Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón  Fernando Romero-Palomo  Miriam Pedrera  Bartolomé Garfia  José C Gómez-Villamandos 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):20

Resistance to respiratory disease in cattle requires host defense mechanisms that protect against pathogens which have evolved sophisticated strategies to evade them, including an altered function of pulmonary macrophages (MΦs) or the induction of inflammatory responses that cause lung injury and sepsis. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms responsible for vascular changes occurring in the lungs of calves infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and challenged later with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), evaluating the role of MΦs in the development of pathological lesions in this organ. For this purpose, pulmonary lesions were compared between co-infected calves and healthy animals inoculated only with BHV-1 through immunohistochemical (MAC387, TNFα, IL-1α, iNOS, COX-2 and Factor-VIII) and ultrastructural studies. Both groups of calves presented important vascular alterations produced by fibrin microthrombi and platelet aggregations within the blood vessels. These findings were earlier and more severe in the co-infected group, indicating that the concomitance of BVDV and BHV-1 in the lungs disrupts the pulmonary homeostasis by facilitating the establishment of an inflammatory and procoagulant environment modulated by inflammatory mediators released by pulmonary MΦs. In this regard, the co-infected calves, in spite of presenting a greater number of IMΦs than single-infected group, show a significant decrease in iNOS expression coinciding with the presence of more coagulation lesions. Moreover, animals pre-inoculated with BVDV displayed an alteration in the response of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-1), which play a key role in activating the immune response, as well as in the local cell-mediated response.  相似文献   

Parent calcium-rich-food practices/perceptions are associated with calcium intake among parents and their early adolescent children     

Reicks M  Degeneffe D  Ghosh K  Bruhn C  Goodell LS  Gunther C  Auld G  Ballejos M  Boushey C  Cluskey M  Misner S  Olson B  Wong S  Zaghloul S 《Public health nutrition》2012,15(2):331-340

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