Economic analysis of dairy farming in Bangladesh     

Datta  Apurba Kumar  Haider  Mohammed Ziaul  Ghosh  Sumon Kumar 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(1):55-64

Tropical Animal Health and Production - A study was conducted to analyze the dairy farming sector of Bangladesh from an economic viewpoint. Primary data was collected from smallholder dairy farms...  相似文献   

Evaluation of the carryover effect of antibiotic,bee pollen and propolis on growth performance,carcass traits and splenic and hepatic histology of growing rabbits     

Youssef A. Attia  Fulvia Bovera  Abd El-Hamid E. Abd‐Elhamid  Serena Calabr  Mohamed A. Mandour  Mohammed A. Al‐Harthi  Sabar S. Hassan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(3):947-958

Sixty‐four nulliparous female rabbits were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). Group one was the unsupplemented control group; the other seven groups were supplemented with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, or bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) at 150 and 300 mg in a capsulated form, three times a week, day after day, continuously all over the experimental period. The experiment was run for eight parties; at each parity, 28 kids of each doe group (a total of 224 rabbits) were divided into two subgroups weaned, respectively, at 24 and 30 days of age. Thus, for each parity, there were 16 groups (eight does treatments × two weaning age, 14 rabbits per group). The growing rabbits fed the standard diets without supplements. The growth performance, the carcass traits, the liver and the spleen histology of rabbits were checked up to 90 days of age to find possible carryover effects of the supplements. The supplements had no significant effect on most of the growth performance at 90 days of age, but BP150 and BP+Pro300 increased the growth rate in comparison with ZnB group. The liver weight in the control, BP300 and Pro300 groups was higher than the ZnB one. The spleen weight was higher in the groups ZnB, BP150, Pro300 and BP+Pro300, followed by the control, BP300 and BP+Pro150 and thus Pro150. The heart % in the BP150 and Pro300 groups was higher than ZnB and BP+Pro150 groups. A lymphoid hyperplasia of splenic white pulp was observed in the BP+Pro groups, while propolis alone showed a mild activation of lymphobiosis. The Pro and BP groups showed the same picture of the control group exhibiting a hydropic degeneration of mostly hepatic cells, while the ZnB group exhibited adverse effect on the bile ducts featuring portal periductal inflammatory cells infiltration with epithelial hyperplasia reflecting chronic cholangitis.  相似文献   

Morphological diversity of female camel (Camelus dromedarius) populations in Morocco     

Boujenane  Ismaïl  El Khattaby  Nadia  Laghouaouta  Houda  Badaoui  Bouabid  Piro  Mohammed 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(6):1367-1373

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Fourteen body measurements of 132 adult female camels belonging to three populations Guerzni (60), Khouari (28), and Marmouri (44) reared in 38 herds of 8...  相似文献   

The efficacy of ivermectin and levamisole against natural Nematodirus spathiger infection in the Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa marica) and the Arabian mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) in Saudi Arabia     

Mohammed OB  Omer SA  Sandouka MA 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,150(1-2):170-173

The efficacy of two broad spectrum anthelmintics (Ivermectin and Levamisole) against the nematode Nematodirus spathiger in the reem (Arabian sand gazelle) and idmi (Arabian mountain gazelle) at King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre (KKWRC) was determined. Gazelles of both species naturally infected with N. spathiger were each divided into 3 groups. One group was treated with Ivermectin, the other group with Levamisole and the last group was left as untreated control. Faecal egg counts were employed to determine the efficacy of the two drugs against N. spathiger infection in both gazelle species. Reduction in arithmetic mean faecal egg counts achieved by Ivermectin and Levamisole in the reem gazelles was 94% and 89.3%, respectively. The reduction in the idmi gazelles was 97.2% and 96.4%, respectively. Hence, both anthelmintics appeared to be more effective in the idmi gazelles than in the reem gazelles, however, there was no significant difference in the faecal egg reduction tests in both animal species.  相似文献   

Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp in dairy cattle and wildlife     

Ziegler PE  Santucci F  Lindergard G  Nydam DV  Wade SE  Schaaf SL  Chang YF  Mohammed HO 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(2):148-159

This study investigated the utility of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol as a screening test for Cryptosporidium spp in 125 fecal samples from dairy cattle and wild rodents. Samples initially examined by fecal flotation and ELISA were evaluated using four PCR protocols (18S SSU rRNA, TRAP-C2, HSP70, and COWP), and the relative accuracy and agreement of PCR protocols was assessed. Although PCR can be both highly sensitive and accurate, the ability of these protocols to accurately detect DNA in samples can vary. A combination of techniques may be the best choice for to screen samples for this parasite.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in meat-producing animals in Iraq.     

B M Latif  J K Al-Delemi  B S Mohammed  S M Al-Bayati  A M Al-Amiry 《Veterinary parasitology》1999,84(1-2):85-90

The prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. infection was investigated in 605 sheep, 826 goats, 1080 cattle, 580 water buffaloes and 36 camels slaughtered from 1992 to 1996 in the Baghdad area (Iraq) using naked eye examination for macroscopic sarcocysts, and peptic digestion, muscle squash, squeezing methods and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for microscopic types. The intestinal stages of the parasite were also studied in dogs experimentally fed with tissues containing microscopic cysts. The percentage prevalence of macroscopic cysts were 4.1, 33.6, 0.2, 15.6 and 0, and of the microscopic type, 97.0, 97.4, 97.8, 82.9 and 91.6 for the above-mentioned hosts, respectively. Among the different organs examined, macroscopic cysts were found to be highest in the oesophagus and the lowest in the heart. Peptic digestion method gave the highest rate (93.3%) followed by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) (88.6%), squeezing (81.3%), and muscle squash (81.2%). Each infected dog shed a total of about 150-200 million sporocysts. Histologically, developmental stages of the parasite were detected in the small intestinal mucosa of the dogs on Days 7 and 13 post-infection.  相似文献   

Estimation of Neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy cattle from Normandy, France.     

A Ould-Amrouche  F Klein  C Osdoit  H O Mohammed  A Touratier  M Sanaa  J P Mialot 《Veterinary research》1999,30(5):531-538

An epidemiological study was conducted in Orne (France) on randomly selected dairy herds (42 herds including 1,924 cows and heifers, which were at least 15 months old). The aim was primarily to estimate the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection from two blood samples per cow, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for N. caninum (one positive result indicating infection). The second aim was to test the association between some individual and herd factors and N. caninum seropositivity with a logistic model including a random term effect. The prevalence was estimated at 5.6% (107 seropositive animals). At least 27 of the 42 herds had one seropositive cow or heifer. The intra-herd seroprevalence varied from 1.1 to 8% for 18 positive herds (66.7%). Dogs were present in 36 farms and 104 of the 107 seropositive animals were exposed to them. The factors associated with individual seropositivity were the presence of cats (OR = 0.17; P < 0.001), dogs (OR = 4.35; P = 0.02), rabbits and/or ducks (OR = 2.10; P = 0.04), long calving periods (12 months) (OR = 0.44; P = 0.007), tethered housing (OR = 2.50; P = 0.01), somatic cell counts (200-400 x 10(3) cells/mL) (OR = 0.24; P < 0.001) and pond water supply (OR = 2.43; P = 0.04). In conclusion, the animal and intra-herd seroprevalences were low in dairy cows from Normandy, France.  相似文献   

Effects of the probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus, on the growth performance, haematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerling     

Mohammed Abdullah Al-Dohail  Roshada Hashim  & Mohammed Aliyu-Paiko 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(14):1642-1652

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of the probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus , on the growth performance, haematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerling. Two experimental diets were formulated to contain 35 g kg⁻¹ crude protein and 10 g kg⁻¹ lipids accordingly and fed three times daily for 12 weeks to 25 C. gariepinus fingerlings per fibreglass tank in 12 replicates each. The control diet was prepared with no probiotic supplementation whereas the second diet was prepared supplemented with a probiotic, L. acidophilus , containing about 3.01 × 10⁷ colonies/g of diet. The results show that growth performance [specific growth rate (SGR) and relative growth rate (RGR)], nutrient utilization [protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)] and survival were significantly ( P <0.05) higher in fish maintained on the probiotic-supplemented diet compared with those on the control diet. Haematology parameters (packed cell volume, haemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, red blood cell and white blood cell, total serum protein, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl⁻, glucose and cholesterol) and total immunoglobulin concentrations were also significantly better in fish fed the probiotic-supplemented diet than in the control. Although the water quality parameters monitored were better in the fish fed the probiotic-supplemented diet than in the control, the parameters were not significantly different ( P >0.05). From the results of this experiment, we conclude that L. acidophilus can be used as a probiotic agent in African catfish culture, to enhance fish health, survival and better feed efficiency and growth performance.  相似文献   

Evaluation of limb autotomy as a promising strategy to improve production performances of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) in the soft‐shell farming system     

Mohammad Redwanur Rahman  Md. Asaduzzaman  Md. Mahiuddin Zahangir  SM Rashadul Islam  Sk Ahmad‐Al Nahid  Durin Akter Jahan  Yahia Mahmud  Mohammed Nurul Absar Khan 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(6):2555-2572

Soft‐shell crab, a newly moulted crab having non‐calcified and hydrated soft exoskeleton, farming has been increasing tremendously in recent years throughout the world due to its high market price and consumer preferences. However, high aggressiveness and cannibalistic behaviour of mud crab limit its culture to an individual chamber system which ultimately makes the soft‐shell mud crab farming space and labour‐intensive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve the efficiency of soft‐shell crab production by autotomy of the claw and/or walking legs to reduce the moulting duration and intensify the culture system through double stocking in the existing individual chamber culture system. To achieve our objectives, a series of experiment were conducted at both indoor and on‐farm levels by removing the claw and/or walking legs of Scylla olivacea for two consecutive moulting cycles. Results showed that both claw ablation significantly (p < .01) shortened the moulting duration and increased the carapace width, weight gain, specific growth rate, feeding efficiency and yield parameter compared to the non‐ablated crabs more prominently at 1st moulting than the 2nd moulting in both indoor and on‐farm trials. Ablation of all walking legs while keeping the claw intact did not significantly influence (p > .05) the moulting duration and carapace width, but significantly (p < .01) improved the specific growth rate, weight gain, feeding efficiency and yield parameters at 1st moulting compared to the non‐ablation and unilateral three walking leg ablation groups. However, ablation of all appendages (both claw and walking legs) showed significant (p < .01) improvements of carapace width, weight gain, specific growth rate, feeding efficiency and yield parameters, and shortened the moulting duration up to 23 days from 34 days during 1st moulting and up to 27 days from 40 days at 2nd moulting. The survivals of different autotomized mud crabs were statistically non‐significant (p > .05) to the non‐autotomized crabs in various indoor and on‐farm trials. Besides improving the production performances, ablation of bilateral claw and all appendages allowed to double the stocking density in the existing individual chamber‐based soft‐shell crab farming that enhanced the production about threefold higher than the existing individual chamber‐based culture system. Finally, our results suggest that autotomy could be a promising technology for the commercial farming of soft‐shell mud crab in near future.  相似文献   

Zingiber officinale and Glycyrrhiza glabra,individually or in combination,reduce heavy metal accumulation and improve growth performance and immune status in Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus     

Eman Mohammed  Mervat Kamel  Kassem El Iraqi  Azza M. Tawfik  Marwa S. Khattab  Mabrouk Elsabagh 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):1933-1941

This study evaluated the impact of dietary ginger and liquorice supplementation on growth performance, physiological and histopathological profiles and heavy metal accumulation in Nile tilapia fingerlings. Fish (n = 1,800, 17.5 ± 0.11 g BW) were randomly distributed into four treatment groups in triplicates and received no supplementation (control group), 5 ml aqueous ginger extract/kg feed (ginger group), 4 ml aqueous liquorice extract/kg feed (liquorice group) or 2.5 ml ginger plus 2 ml liquorice aqueous extracts/kg feed (mix group). The ginger‐liquorice mix supply improved the growth performance and feed efficiency (p < .05), increased the haematocrit and haemoglobin (p < .05), leucocytes (p = .108), neutrophils (p = .054), serum total protein (p < .05), albumin (p = .011) and globulin (p = .094) but decreased (p < .05) the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine than feeding liquorice or ginger lonely compared to the control. Heavy metal loads in pond water induced lamellar telangiectasis of gills and necrosis with sloughing of intestinal villi tips. These detrimental effects were alleviated, and the intestinal villus length (p = .041) and crypt depth (p = .069) were increased with liquorice supply. In all treatment groups, heavy metal contents in fish flesh were lower compared to the control. Thus, using ginger and/or liquorice aqueous extracts can decrease heavy metal accumulation in the fish flesh and exert positive effects on growth performance, metabolic profile and the intestinal and gill morphology of Nile tilapia.  相似文献