Cardiopulmonary effects and anaesthesia recovery quality in horses anaesthetized with isoflurane and low‐dose S‐ketamine or medetomidine infusions          下载免费PDF全文

M Paula Larenza Menzies  Simone K Ringer  Aude Conrot  Regula Theurillat  Katharina Kluge  Annette PN Kutter  Michelle Jackson  Wolfgang Thormann  Regula Bettschart‐Wolfensberger 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(6):623-634

  相似文献   

Cytogenetic characterization of the Passiflora edulis Sims × Passiflora cincinnata Mast. interspecific hybrid and its parents     

Maria do Socorro Evangelista Coelho  Kyria Cilene de Andrade Bortoleti  Francisco Pinheiro de Araújo  Natoniel Franklin de Melo 《Euphytica》2016,210(1):93-104

  相似文献   

Dicephalic Parapagus Conjoined Twins in a Large Fruit‐eating Bat,Genus Artibeus (Chiroptera,Phyllostomidae)          下载免费PDF全文

M. R. Nogueira  A. Ventura  C. C. P. da Veiga  L. R. Monteiro  N. L. Pinheiro  A. L. Peracchi 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2017,46(4):319-324

Conjoined twinning is an embryological anomaly rarely reported in wild mammals and with only two previous records in Chiroptera. Here, we report a case of dicephalic parapagus conjoined twins in the Neotropical phyllostomid genus Artibeus. These twins are males and present separated heads and necks, but a conjoined trunk with an expanded upper thoracic region. They developed two complete forelimbs and two complete hindlimbs, all laterally to the trunk. There is a volume in the upper midback and between the heads that resembles a third rudimentary medial forelimb, but X‐ray images only suggest the presence of medial skeletal elements of the pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapulae) in this region. The X‐ray images also show that vertebral columns run separated from head until the base of lumbar region, where they form a single structure. Using ultrasound images, we detected the presence of two similarly sized and apparently separated hearts. The accumulation of study cases like this will help in the understanding of patterns and process behind this phenomena, and collection material plays a key role in this context.  相似文献   

Influence of umbrella pine (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">pinea</Emphasis> L.) stand type and tree characteristics on cone production     

Ana Cristina Gonçalves  Anabela Afonso  Dulce G. Pereira  Anacleto Pinheiro 《Agroforestry Systems》2017,91(6):1019-1030

Most umbrella pine (Pinus pinea L.) stands are managed as agroforestry systems, whose main production is fruit, due to the edible and highly nutritious kernels, and are frequently associated to natural or seeded pastures and grazing. The stands have low density, in order to enhance crown growth and fruit production. Nevertheless, cone production, both with regard to number and weight, varies greatly between stands, trees and years. In this study were selected three agroforestry systems, representative of umbrella pine stands whose main production is fruit, and one stand representative of the timber production system, where fruit is the secondary production. It was evaluated the variability in cone production as a function of the tree’s diameter at breast height and crown diameter and the individual tree’s competition status. The results indicate that stands managed in agroforestry systems with lower competition and individuals with larger diameter at breast height and crown diameter tend to produce more and heavier cones per tree. The first two principal components of the principal component analysis explain 84 % of the variance in cone production, trees’ dimensions and competition index. Tree competition status has a negative impact on production per tree.  相似文献   

Influence of drinking water salinity on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Santa Inês lambs     

Daniela P. V. Castro  Sandra M. Yamamoto  Gherman G. L. Araújo  Rafael S. B. Pinheiro  Mario A. A. Queiroz  Ítalo R. R. Albuquerque  José H. A. Moura 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(6):1095-1100

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels in drinking water on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lamb carcass and meat. Ram lambs (n = 32) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four levels of salinity in the drinking water (640 mg of total dissolved solids (TDS)/L of water, 3188 mg TDS/L water, 5740 mg TDS/L water, and 8326 mg TDS/L water). After slaughter, blending, gutting, and skinning the carcass, hot and biological carcass yields were obtained. Then, the carcasses were cooled at 5 °C for 24 h, and then, the morphometric measurements and the cold carcass yield were determined and the commercial cuts made. In the Longissimus lumborum muscle color, water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, and chemical composition were determined. The yields of hot and cold carcass (46.10 and 44.90%), as well as losses to cooling (2.40%) were not affected (P > 0.05) by the salinity levels in the water ingested by the lambs. The meat shear force was 3.47 kg/cm² and moisture, crude protein, ether extract, and ash were 73.62, 22.77, 2.5, and 4.3%, respectively. It is possible to supply water with salinity levels of up to 8326 mg TDS/L, because it did not affect the carcass and meat characteristics of Santa Inês lambs.  相似文献   

QSAR modeling of photosynthesis‐inhibiting nostoclide derivatives     

Róbson Ricardo Teixeira  Patrícia F Pinheiro  Luiz Cláudio de Almeida Barbosa  José Walkimar de M Carneiro  Giuseppe Forlani 《Pest management science》2010,66(2):196-202

  相似文献   

Influence of temperature on muscle fibre hyperplasia and hypertrophy in larvae of blackspot seabream,Pagellus bogaraveo     

Paula Silva  Luísa Maria Pinheiro Valente  Mercedes Olmedo  Blanca Álvarez‐Blázquez  Maria Helena Galante  Rogério Alves Ferreira Monteiro  Eduardo Rocha 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):331-340

The effects of temperature on Pagellus bogaraveo muscle cellularity were investigated, by morphometry, throughout the endogenous feeding stage, testing two rearing temperatures: 14 and 18 °C. The following parameters were estimated in transversal body sections at post‐opercular and post‐anal body levels: the total cross‐sectional muscle area, the total number of fibres and the mean cross‐sectional fibre area. At hatching, no significant influence of the temperature was observed on the morphometric parameters measured in the white muscle. At mouth opening, an increase in the number of post‐opercular white fibres was promoted by the highest temperature. During embryonic development, the red muscle fibre number in the post‐anal part of the larvae increased with higher temperature, but it appears that the difference was no longer present at mouth opening. An increase in the fibre area and in the total cross‐sectional area of red muscle at the post‐anal level was promoted by a 4 °C increase in the temperature during the vitelline phase. In conclusion, the axial musculature of blackspot seabream embryos/larvae reacted differently to temperature influence according to the body location, strongly supporting the need to look at and account for different body locations when evaluating muscle cellularity in fish, namely in growth/aquaculture‐related studies.  相似文献   

Physiological and morphological responses of young mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) plants to drought     

Yvens E.M. Cordeiro  Hugo A. Pinheiro  Benedito G. dos Santos Filho  Sofia S. Corrêa  Joo R.R. e Silva  Moacyr B. Dias-Filho 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(7):1449-1455

Young mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) plants were grown under either well-watered (pre-dawn leaf water potential, Ψ_pd, ca. −0.40 MPa) or drought (Ψ_pd, ca. −3.52 MPa) conditions to examine some physiological strategies that allow the maintenance of leaf turgor. In well-watered plants, stomatal conductance (g_s) was nearly constant (440 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹) between 7:00 and 13:00 h. This was accomplished by significant increases in transpiration (E) and apparent total hydraulic conductance (K_T), in which averages were higher at 13:00 h. From 13:00 to 17:00 h, g_s, E, and K_T decreased sharply, reaching their lower values at 17:00 h. In these plants, significant increases in height (116%), stem diameter (50%) and leaf area (200%) were registered over the experimental period (20 days). Analyses of linear regression between g_s or E and leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (Δ_w) were not significant. In water-stressed plants, g_s and E were higher at 7:00 h and lower from 9:00 to 17:00 h, while K_T was higher in early morning (7:00 h) and in late afternoon (17:00 h) than between 9:00 and 15:00 h. Moreover, both g_s and E decreased potentially (P < 0.001) with the diurnal increases on Δ_w. Drought also decreased leaf and leaflet numbers and reduced total leaf area, but had no effect on stem height and diameter. Leaf proline was higher (ca. 400%, between 13:00 and 15:00 h) in water-stressed plants, suggesting osmotic adjustment under drought. Twelve hours after resumption of irrigation, Ψ_pd was similar (P > 0.05) between well-watered and drought-stressed plants, suggesting an ability of plants to recover turgor after stress cessation. Altogether, our data support the hypothesis that young mahogany plants have the ability to satisfactorily tolerate or postpone drought.  相似文献   

Soil dissolved organic carbon responses to sugarcane straw removal     

Maria Regina Gmach  Klaus Kaiser  Maurício Roberto Cherubin  Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri  Izaias Pinheiro Lisboa  Ana Luisa Soares Vasconcelos  Marcos Siqueira‐Neto 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):126-137

Global demand for bioenergy increases interest in biomass‐derived fuels, as ethanol from sugarcane straw. However, straw is the main carbon source to soil and its removal reduces C input, affecting active fractions (dissolved organic carbon, DOC) and C storage. To quantify the effects of straw removal on DOC and C stocks, we built lysimeter system using soil (Rhodic Kandiudox) from sugarcane field. We evaluated four soil depths (1, 20, 50 and 100 cm) and four straw removal rates: no removal NR, medium MR, high HR and total TR, leaving 12, 6, 3 and 0 Mg/ha on the soil surface, respectively. After rainfall, drainage water was collected and analysed for DOC content. Soil C stocks were determined after the 17‐month. Total DOC released at 1‐cm depth amounted to 606, 500, 441 and 157 kg/ha in NR, MR, HR and TR, respectively. Net‐DOC suggests straw as the main source of DOC. Most of DOC in NR (50%) was retained within the 1–20 cm layer, resulting in higher C stock (10 Mg/ha) in the topsoil. In HR and MR, DOC retention was higher within 20–50 cm, suggesting differences in DOC composition. DOC in TR was 40% higher at 20 cm than at 1 cm, indicating C losses from topsoil. Low concentrations of DOC were found at 100‐cm depth, but representing 30% in TR. Straw removal for bioenergy production is sustainable, but we should leave at least 3 Mg/ha of straw to ensure DOC production and soil C storage, taking account the DOC contribution to key soil functions.  相似文献   

Acute heat stress impairs performance parameters and induces mild intestinal enteritis in broiler chickens: role of acute hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation     

Quinteiro-Filho WM  Rodrigues MV  Ribeiro A  Ferraz-de-Paula V  Pinheiro ML  Sá LR  Ferreira AJ  Palermo-Neto J 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(6):1986-1994

Studies on the environmental consequences of stress are relevant for economic and animal welfare reasons. We recently reported that long-term heat stressors (31 ± 1°C and 36 ± 1°C for 10 h/d) applied to broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) from d 35 to 42 of life increased serum corticosterone concentrations, decreased performance variables and the macrophage oxidative burst, and produced mild, multifocal acute enteritis. Being cognizant of the relevance of acute heat stress on tropical and subtropical poultry production, we designed the current experiment to analyze, from a neuroimmune perspective, the effects of an acute heat stress (31 ± 1°C for 10 h on d 35 of life) on serum corticosterone, performance variables, intestinal histology, and peritoneal macrophage activity in chickens. We demonstrated that the acute heat stress increased serum corticosterone concentrations and mortality and decreased food intake, BW gain, and feed conversion (P < 0.05). We did not find changes in the relative weights of the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius (P > 0.05). Increases in the basal and the Staphylococcus aureus-induced macrophage oxidative bursts and a decrease in the percentage of macrophages performing phagocytosis were also observed. Finally, mild, multifocal acute enteritis, characterized by the increased presence of lymphocytes and plasmocytes within the lamina propria of the jejunum, was also observed. We found that the stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation was responsible for the negative effects observed on chicken performance and immune function as well as for the changes in the intestinal mucosa. The data presented here corroborate with those presented in other studies in the field of neuroimmunomodulation and open new avenues for the improvement of broiler chicken welfare and production performance.  相似文献