Effects of a Specific Thromboxane Synthetase Inhibitor on Development of Experimental Dirofilaria immitis Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis in the Dog     

Gregory F. Grauer DVM  MS    Cynthia A. Culham BS    Richard R. Dubielzig DVM    Susan K. Presto BS    Terry D. Oberley MD  PhD    Chester B. Thomas DVM  MPVM  PhD  Robert B. Grieve PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1988,2(4):192-200

Twelve Beagle dogs were immunized with aqueous-soluble Dirofilaria immitis antigens, and subsequent to at least fivefold increases in serum antibody titer, 6 mg of homologous antigen was infused into the left renal artery. Six dogs were treated once daily starting the day of infusion with 0.75 mg/kg of 1-benzylimidazole (1-BIM) in saline. Six control dogs were given saline only. Light, immunofluorescent, and transmission electron microscopic examinations of renal tissue from control dogs, 10 days after antigen infusion, showed a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in the left kidney with polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltration and fibrin deposition. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G, M, C3, and Dirofilaria antigen deposits were observed in a segmental granular pattern. Mesangial, subendothelial, and intramembranous electron dense deposits were observed, and anti-Dirofilaria antibodies were demonstrated in kidney eluates from each dog. Administration of 1-BIM had no significant effect on IgG, IgM, C3, or antigen deposits, electron dense deposits, or concentration of antibody in kidney eluates. However, 1-BIM-treated dogs had less glomerular cell proliferation, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive glomerular staining, PMNL infiltration, and fibrin deposition. These data suggest that thromboxane is an important mediator in the development of immune complex glomerulonephritis, and that in certain circumstances, inhibition of thromboxane synthesis may be an effective therapy for immune complex glomerulonephritis in the dog.  相似文献   

Electrocoagulative removal of endometrial cysts in the mare     

Derek Brook BVMS  MS  FRCVS  Dip. ABVP  Kenneth Frankel MD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1987,7(2)

Six mares had endometrial cysts removed by endoscopic electrocoagulative surgery. These mares exhibited poor reproductive histories and endometrial cysts were the only detectable abnormalities. In each case, at least two cysts greater than 2.5cm were present. One mare subsequently produced a live foal; two are presently in foal; one conceived but absorbed; one formed more cysts after surgery; and one has not yet been bred. Histologically, the walls of the cysts contained entire lamina propria, relatively normal endometrial glands, and small cystic spaces.  相似文献   

Primary Hypoadrenocorticism in Ten Cats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark E. Peterson DVM    Deborah S. Greco DVM  David N. Orth MD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1989,3(2):55-58

Primary hypoadrenocorticism was diagnosed in ten young to middle-aged cats of mixed breeding. Five of the cats were male, and five were female. Historic signs included lethargy (n = 10), anorexia (n = 10), weight loss (n = 9), vomiting (n = 4), and polyuria (n = 3). Dehydration (n = 9), hypothermia (n = 8), prolonged capillary refill time (n = 5), weak pulse (n = 5), collapse (n = 3), and sinus bradycardia (n = 2) were found on physical examination. Results of initial laboratory tests revealed anemia (n = 3), absolute lymphocytosis (n = 2), absolute eosinophilia (n = 1), and azotemia and hyperphosphatemia (n = 10). Serum electrolyte changes included hyponatremia (n = 10), hyperkalemia (n = 9), hypochloremia (n = 9), and hypercalcemia (n = 1). The diagnosis of primary adrenocortical insufficiency was established on the basis of results of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests (n = 10) and endogenous plasma ACTH determinations (n = 7). Initial therapy for hypoadrenocorticism included intravenous administration of 0.9% saline and dexamethasone and intramuscular administration of desoxycorticosterone acetate in oil. Three cats were euthanatized shortly after diagnosis because of poor clinical response. Results of necropsy examination were unremarkable except for complete destruction of both adrenal cortices. Seven cats were treated chronically with oral prednisone or intramuscular methylprednisolone acetate for glucocorticoid supplementation and with oral fludrocortisone acetate or intramuscular injections of repository desoxycorticosterone pivalate for mineralocorticoid replacement. One cat died after 47 days of therapy from unknown causes; the other six cats are still alive and well after 3 to 70 months of treatment.  相似文献   

Sodium hyaluronate and joint function     

Endre A. Balazs MD  Janet L. Denlinger PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1985,5(4):217-228

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Memories of the Development of Veterinary Radiology in the United States     

Stuart A.  Patterson  MD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1982,23(6):234-238

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RADIONUCLIDE THYROID IMAGING IN 135 CATS WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM*     

Mark E. Peterson DVM  David V. Becker MD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1984,25(1):23-27

Thyroid scanning was performed in 135 hyperthyroid cats and 13 normal cats with technetium-99m as pertechnetate (^99mTcO₄) or with radioactive iodine (¹³¹I). Of the hyperthyroid cats, enlargement and increased radionuclide accumulation were found in one thyroid lobe in 38 (27%) and in both lobes in 97 (73%). In two hyperthyroid cats with thyroid carcinoma, extension of tumor into the thoracic cavity was detected. In normal and hyperthyroid cats the radionuclide images produced with ^99mTcO₄ and ¹³¹I were similar; however, the quality of the ^99mTcO₄ scans was usually better than that of the ¹³¹I scans.  相似文献   

Magnetic Resonance Measurements of the Deviation of the Angle of Force Generated by Contraction of the Quadriceps Muscle in Dogs with Congenital Patellar Luxation     

Stephan Kaiser  DVM  MS    Daniel Cornely  MD    Werner Golder  MD  PhD    Michael Garner  BA  CVM    Helmut Waibl  DVM  PhD    Leo Brunnberg  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2001,30(6):552-558

OBJECTIVE: To measure the quadriceps angle (Q-angle) in dogs with congenital patellar luxation using magnetic resonance (MR) methods. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Thirty-eight client-owned dogs. METHODS: Thirty-eight dogs were examined and placed into the following groups based on the degree of patellar instability: normal, grade I, grade II, and grade III. MR images of 37 pelvic limbs without patellar instability, 33 pelvic limbs with patellar luxation, and 6 limbs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture were made. The Q-angle was calculated using trigonometric methods based on MR images. Limbs with patellar luxation were compared with normal stifles and stifle with other disorders. RESULTS: The average Q-angle of the normal group was 10.5 degrees (24.9 degrees to -2.0 degrees ). The grade I group had an average Q-angle of 12.2 degrees (28.8 degrees to 2 degrees ), the grade II group 24.3 degrees (44.6 degrees to 7.7 degrees ), and the grade III group 36.6 degrees (51.4 degrees to 15.6 degrees ). The average Q-angle of limbs with an isolated CrCL rupture was 19.3 degrees (34.7 degrees to 3.9 degrees ). CONCLUSION: MR images can be used to make exact calculations of the Q-angle. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: MR images can be used to quantify the degree of patellar luxation.  相似文献   

EVALUATION OF HEART TIME-ACTIVITY CURVES AS A PREDICTOR OF HEPATIC EXTRACTION OF ^99mTc-MEBROFENIN IN DOGS     

Gregory B.  Daniel  DVM  MS  Robert  DeNovo  DVM  MS  Anne  Bahr  DVM  MS  Gary T.  Smith  MD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(2):162-168

In this study, heart time-activity curve, created following intravenous injection of 99mTc-mebrofenin were used to quantify hepatic function in normal dogs and dogs with induced hepatic parenchymal cell damage. The results were compared to a direct measurement of hepatic extraction following mesenteric venous injection of 99mTc-mebrofenin. The heart time-activity curves were normalized and the area under the curve from 0-30 minutes and 0-60 minutes were determined. In addition, the half-time clearance rate of the heart time-activity curve was analyzed using a two-compartment model. Linear regression analysis was used to describe the relationship between the area under the normalized heart time-activity curve and hepatic extraction. There was good correlation between the area under the normalized heart time-activity curve and hepatic extraction. The best correlation was obtained from the 0-30 minute data (r2 = 0.92). A formula for calculating hepatic extraction was derived using linear regression analysis: Hepatic extraction = 1.092 - (0.0000308 x AUC0-30 minutes). There was good correlation between the half-time clearance rates from the heart time-activity curve and hepatic extraction. The best correlation was between the fast phase half-time clearance and hepatic extraction (r2 = 0.88). The area under a normalized heart time-activity curve can be used as a simple alternative to deconvolutional analysis for the determination of hepatic extraction as a measure of hepatic parenchymal cell function in the dog.  相似文献   

Radiation Therapy of Canine Brain Masses     

Sydney M. Evans VMD MS    Betsy Dayrell-Hart VMD    William Powlis MD    Gertrude Christy RTT  Thomas VanWinkle VMD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1993,7(4):216-219

This article evaluates the responses of 14 dogs with brain masses using orthovoltage irradiation for definitive treatment. Dogs were anesthetized for computed tomography (CT) examination, formation of head immobilization and positioning devices, radiation treatment simulation, and treatments. Total doses of 39 Gy (9 dogs) or 45 Gy (5 dogs) to the tumor were administered over 25 to 41 days. Two or three portals (parallel opposed lateral with or without a dorsal field) were used. Treatment volumes included the tumor and peritumoral edema, as determined by CT scan, and a 1-cm margin. Histopathologic diagnoses were available in 9 of 14 dogs. There were 4 meningiomas, 1 lymphosarcoma, 1 pituitary adenoma, 1 metastatic anaplastic carcinoma, 1 anaplastic oligodendroglioma and 1 dog with granuloma-tous meningoencephalitis. At the end of radiation therapy, 10 dogs could be evaluated for progression of clinical signs: 3 dogs deteriorated or failed to improve, and 7 dogs improved. At the time of analysis, all dogs were dead. Mean and median survival times, measured from the beginning of radiation, were 345 and 489 days, respectively. This was compared with mean survival times of 30 to 81 days reported in the literature for dogs with brain tumors that did not receive treatment. The median survival time of 9 dogs treated with 39 Gy was 153 days, versus 519 days for 5 dogs that received 45 Gy. It appears that radiation therapy prolongs survival times for dogs with brain masses. Although megavoltage therapy would be optimal, orthovoltage radiation can be applied in total doses of 45 Gy in 3.75 Gy fractions over 28 days without adverse effects. Histopathologic evidence of multifocal demyelination and astrocytosis may be found. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1993; 7:216–219. Copyright © 1993 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)  相似文献   

Rhinocerebral and nasal zygomycosis in sheep caused by Conidiobolus incongruus     

PJ KETTERER  MA KELLY  MD CONNOLE  L. AJELLO† 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(4):85-87

The clinical findings, pathology and mycology of a cluster of 5 ovine cases of rhinocerebral and nasal zygomycosis caused by Conidiobolus incongruus are described. All cases were in Border Leicester or Merino x Border Leicester ewes from a flock pastured in a low-lying paddock adjoining a small tidal river in subtropical Queensland (latitude 28 degrees S). These cases of zygomycosis are believed to be the first infections due to C incongruus recorded in animals other than humans. The disease was subacute in 4 animals with a course of up to several weeks. In these, the primary site of infection was the posterior nasal cavity. The lesions extended to the dorsum of the face between the eyes, to the orbital cavity and to the anterior brain and meninges in the cranial cavity. In one animal, where the anterior nasal cavity was affected and iodine treatment used, the course was longer. The fungal granulomas had numerous foreign body giant cells, neutrophils and eosinophils. Fungal hyphae were thin walled, 6 to 8 microns in diameter, with occasional septa and irregular branching. They were cuffed with a wide zone of necrotic cell coagulum, or with homogeneous eosinophilic Splendore-Hoeppli granules.  相似文献