Altered pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in experimental models of hepatic and renal impairment     

Y. H. Hwang  M. S. Kim  I. B. Song  J. H. Lim  B. K. Park  H. I. Yun 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(5):481-487

We investigated the effects of hepatic and renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental hepatic and renal failure were induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL₄) and 5/6 nephrectomy, respectively. After intravenous dosing of enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg), plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin were measured using liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometry. There was no significant effect of hepatic impairment on enrofloxacin pharmacokinetics. However, renal impairment markedly prolonged elimination half life (t_1/2λz) of enrofloxacin (P < 0.05), comparing with respective control. Total body clearance (Cl_b) and volume of distribution at steady state (V_ss) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by renal impairment. In conclusion, these results suggested that renal impairment could affect the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin.  相似文献   

Fatty acid composition and meat quality traits of organically reared Korean native black pigs     

D.H. Kim  P.N. Seong  S.H. Cho  J.H. Kim  J.M. Lee  C. Jo  D.G. Lim 《Livestock Science》2009,120(1-2):96-102

Current study investigated the effect of feeding systems (conventional vs organic rearing) on carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid composition of Musculus longissimus dorsi of Korean native black barrows (KNP). Thirty pigs were reared under a conventional feeding system at indoor area of 1 m² per head, while another thirty pigs were fed an indoor area with organic saw dusts of 1 m² and an outdoor area with free ranges of 1 m² for each pig for organic system. Diet for the organic rearing was also provided according to the guideline for organic pork products. Warner–Bratzler shear force was lower and water holding capacity was higher for pork produced under the organic guidelines. However, pork produced by an organic system did not affect sensory traits compared to pork produced by a conventional one. In addition, longissimus muscle from organically reared pigs had significantly (P < 0.05) higher myoglobin content and consequently higher CIE a?-values compared with those for the conventionally-reared pigs (P < 0.05). The organic pork resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and unsaturated fatty acid contents, as well as a higher n-3 PUFA than the conventional one (P < 0.05).  相似文献   

Drape simulation of three-dimensional virtual garment enabling fabric properties     

Hosun Lim  Cynthia L. Istook 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(8):1077-1082

This study analyzes how the silhouette of virtual garments applied to virtual avatars is altered according to various virtual fabric properties. This study measures the properties of real fabrics that include a charmeuse (#F1) and gabardine (#F2) using the Fabric Analysis by Simple Testing system; in addition, the material properties of different real fabrics were applied to that of the virtual fabric. It then evaluates the drape stiffness and silhouette of the virtual garments according to the different fabrics. This study also compared the virtual garment silhouette of sample fabric #F1-S that changed only the stretch property of the sample fabric #F1 with the virtual garment silhouette of sample fabric #F1. The results show that the fabric properties including bend, thickness, weight, stretch, shear values affect the drape stiffness, silhouette, and fit of the virtual garment simulated on virtual avatars and may be used for the realistic virtual garment technology.  相似文献   

Multiple segmented reaches per subwatershed modeling approach for improving HSPF-Paddy water quality simulation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ji-Hong Jeon  Kyoung Jae Lim  Chun G. Yoon  Bernard A. Engel 《Paddy and Water Environment》2011,9(2):193-205

Reach segmentation influences predicted water quality concentrations in water quality modeling. Many lumped or semi-distributed watershed models, including Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF), simulate stream/river water quality with a single segmented reach per subwatershed (SSRS) modeling approach. A multiple-segmented reaches per subwatershed (MSRS) modeling approach was developed, and simulated BOD₅ concentrations for this approach were compared with results from the SSRS modeling approach using the HSPF-Paddy model. The SSRS modeling approach has potential systemic errors for predicting BOD₅ concentration even when the model is well calibrated. When the point source was loaded at the most upstream location with the same decay rate, the predicted BOD₅ concentration using the SSRS modeling approach was higher compared with results for the MSRS modeling approach, and the difference between two methods increases with increasing load and decay rate. When BOD₅ was loaded more downstream, BOD₅ concentration using the SSRS modeling approach was lower compared with results for MSRS modeling. For a case study, simulated streamflow and BOD₅ concentration for the SSRS and MSRS modeling approaches demonstrated good agreement with observed data. However, the estimated decay rate for the SSRS modeling approach was smaller than that for the MSRS modeling approach because BOD decays through total volume in the SSRS modeling approach, although BOD may be loaded anywhere in the reach. The MSRS modeling approach can minimize systematic errors and provide more detailed variation of water quality concentrations along a river length. The MSRS modeling approach does not always need to be applied to all subwatersheds but is recommended for reaches significantly polluted by point source pollution.  相似文献   

Model identification of the bundle thickness dynamics in drum friction spinning     

Jung H. Lim  Jong S. Kim  You Huh 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(1):96-103

The dynamics of the friction yarn formation process is described in terms of the dynamic behavior of the process state variables. Production efficiency and product quality of friction spinning are influenced by these process state variables. This study was performed with the intention of setting up a dynamic model based on mass balance in order to delineate the dynamic behavior of the cross-sectional area of the in-process bundle on the friction drum surface and to attain the distribution profiles of the cross-sectional area in transient state and in steady state as well. Then, simulation results were compared with those of the experiment, while the input variation was used as a test signal. Theoretical model shows that the bundle thickness on the friction drum has the dynamic characteristics of an integrating system with interval due to the finite length of the input fleece zone, and is in good correspondence with the results of the experiment. A periodic change in the fleece feeding rate led to the fact that there was a specific range of the fluctuation wavelength in the fleece feeding rate, whereas a change in the in-process bundle thickness completely disappeared or became locally maximized in certain wavelength areas. This could lead to a magnification or inaction of the perturbations with the corresponding wavelength in the bundle thickness; a bundle thickness irregularity. Experiments also identified that the theoretical model accurately described the fiber accumulation dynamics in a friction spinning process.  相似文献   

Changes in the Functional Components and Radical Scavenging Activity of Korean Maize Hybrids According to Different Cropping Seasons     

Hyun-Joo Kim  Mi Jung Kim  Eun-Yeong Sim  Choon Ki Lee  Yong Hee Jeon  Sun Lim Kim  Gun-Ho Jung  Beom-Young Son  Koan Sik Woo 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2018,21(1):57-65

We evaluated the proximate composition, free sugar content, fatty acid composition, carotenoid content, total phenol content, and radical scavenging activity of the grain from various Korean maize hybrid cultivars grown in two different cropping seasons. The moisture, crude ash, crude fat, crude protein, total starch, and amylose contents were significantly higher in most of the maize hybrid cultivars when grown in the early-season than when grown in the late-season. The free sugar content, fatty acid composition, carotenoid content, and total phenol content differed significantly between cultivars and cropping seasons. The highest unsaturated fatty acid compositions of maize hybrids of early-season and late-season were 86.05 and 86.29%, respectively, in the Daanok cultivar. The carotenoid contents were significantly higher in maize hybrids of late-season compared to those of early-season. The highest total phenol content was 108.09 mg/100 g in Singwangok of the late-season. The radical scavenging activity of maize hybrids differed significantly between cultivars and cropping seasons.  相似文献   

Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver Grass (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Vetiveria zizanioides</Emphasis>) for Treatment of Metal-Contaminated Water     

Ashton Lim Suelee  Sharifah Nur Munirah Syed Hasan  Faradiella Mohd Kusin  Ferdaus Mohamat Yusuff  Zelina Zaiton Ibrahim 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(4):158

Phytoremediation using vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) has been regarded as an effective technique for removing contaminants in polluted water. This study was conducted to assess the removal efficiency of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) using vetiver grass (VG) at different root lengths and densities and to determine metals uptake rate by plant parts (root and shoot) between treatments (low and high concentration). Removal efficiency for heavy metals in water by VG is ranked in the order of Fe>Pb>Cu>Mn>Zn. Results showed that VG was effective in removing all the heavy metals, but removals greatly depend on root length, plant density and metal concentration. Longer root length and higher density showed greater removals of heavy metals due to increased surface area for metal absorption by plant roots. Results also demonstrated significant difference of heavy metals uptake in plant parts at different concentrations indicating that root has high tolerance towards elevated concentration of heavy metals. However, the effects were less significant in plant shoot suggesting that metals uptake were generally higher in root than in shoot. The findings have shown potential of VG in phytoremediation for heavy metals removal in water thus providing significant implication for treatment of metal-contaminated water.  相似文献   

The efficacy of amoxicillin sodium against streptococcosis in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its pharmacokinetics          下载免费PDF全文

J.‐W. Lim  M.‐H. Jung  S.‐J. Jung  D.‐H. Kim  K. H. Park  S. Y. Kang 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2017,40(1):77-87

The efficacy of amoxicillin sodium for controlling field and experimental Streptococcus iniae and S. parauberis infections in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was evaluated after a single intramuscular administration. Furthermore, the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against 21 Streptococcus strains were determined. In addition, the pharmacokinetics and residue depletion in olive flounder were investigated. Single intramuscular doses of amoxicillin sodium at 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg b.w. fish significantly reduced cumulative mortality rates to 18.8–31.3% (P < 0.05) for S. iniae and to 5.0–15.0% (P < 0.01) for S. parauberis, whereas the S. iniae‐ and S. parauberis‐infected positive control groups showed cumulative mortality rates of 68.8% and 60.0%, respectively. In a S. parauberis outbreak, amoxicillin sodium reduced the cumulative mortality rate to 7.5% and 4.8% at 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w. fish, respectively, whereas that of the untreated control group was 35.2%. Peak plasma concentrations (C_max) following a single intramuscular dose of 40 and 80 mg/kg b.w. fish were 62.64 (T_max, 1.59 h) and 87.61 (T_max, 3.02 h) μg/mL, respectively, with large AUC_0?t/MIC and C_max/MIC ratios, and sufficient T > MIC (time for maintaining plasma drug concentration greater than MICs) for S. iniae and S. parauberis. The estimated withdrawal period of amoxicillin sodium from muscle of olive flounder was about 8 days at 40 mg/kg b.w. fish (at 22 ± 1 °C). These results demonstrated a single intramuscular administration of amoxicillin sodium to be effective against streptococcosis in olive flounder.  相似文献   

Outbreak of Brucellosis in Domestic Elk in Korea     

M. Her  D.‐H. Cho  S.‐I. Kang  J.‐S. Lim  H.‐J. Kim  Y.‐S. Cho  I.‐Y. Hwang  T. Lee  S.‐C. Jung  H.‐S. Yoo 《Zoonoses and public health》2010,57(3):155-161

Seven of 18 elk on a deer farm were found by the official Rose‐Bengal agglutination test (RBT) and tube agglutination test to be brucellosis reactors/suspects. Evaluation with the competitive ELISA (C‐ELISA) and the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) tests revealed that six and five sera were positive respectively. The seven reactors/ suspects were slaughtered and their blood and tissues were collected. Brucella species could be isolated from three of the slaughtered animals, with nine isolates being obtained from the popliteal, supramammary and submandibular lymph nodes, vaginal discharge, mammary tissue and spleen. Brucella genus‐specific PCR based on 16S rRNA and AMOS‐PCR, which is specific for differential Brucella species, revealed that all nine isolates were Brucella abortus. These nine were further confirmed to be B. abortus biovar 1 by classical biotyping scheme assays. This is the first report of an outbreak of brucellosis in domestic elk in Korea. Our observations suggest that deer should be included in the routine Brucella surveillance programme for the effective control and prevention of brucellosis in Korea.  相似文献   

Physical properties of dry-heated octenyl succinylated waxy corn starches and its application in fat-reduced muffin     

Hyun-Jung Chung  Seung-Eun Lee  Jung-Ah Han  Seung-Taik Lim   《Journal of Cereal Science》2010,52(3):496-501

Waxy corn starch was modified by dry heating (130 °C, 2 h) in the presence of octenyl succinic acid (OSA) at different pHs (4, 6, and 8), and the physicochemical properties of the modified starch were evaluated. The dry-heated octenyl succinylated (DH-OS) starch was also evaluated as a partial fat substitute in a muffin. Dry heating of starch under a more acidic condition resulted in lower degree of polymerization (DP_n) but lower degree of substitution (DS). The pasting viscosity of the DH-OS starch prepared under basic conditions was higher than that of the unheated counterparts, whereas that under acidic conditions was lower. It was because the substitution favored basic conditions, and thermal degradation was accelerated by acids. The gelatinization characteristic was not significantly altered by OSA substitution and dry heating. The muffin containing the DH-OS starch had a higher specific volume and a softer texture than the muffin containing maltodextrin. Among the DH-OS starches tested, the starch prepared under acidic conditions produced muffins that had a greater volume, which was most likely due to its low molecular size. The muffin prepared with DH-OS starch at pH 6 was the softest in texture and had characteristics that were relatively close to the full-fat muffin.  相似文献