Prospective evaluation of outcome of dogs with intrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated via percutaneous transvenous coil embolization          下载免费PDF全文

William T. N. Culp VMD  DACVS  Allison L. Zwingenberger DVM  MAS  DACVR  Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD  DACVS  Erik R. Wisner DVM  DACVR  Geraldine B. Hunt BVSc  PhD  Michele A. Steffey DVM  DACVS  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM'S  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(1):74-85

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Evaluation of single port access gastropexy and ovariectomy using articulating instruments and angled telescopes in dogs     

Jeffrey J. Runge DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(7):807-813

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iRhom2 regulation of TACE controls TNF-mediated protection against Listeria and responses to LPS     

McIlwain DR  Lang PA  Maretzky T  Hamada K  Ohishi K  Maney SK  Berger T  Murthy A  Duncan G  Xu HC  Lang KS  Häussinger D  Wakeham A  Itie-Youten A  Khokha R  Ohashi PS  Blobel CP  Mak TW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6065):229-232

Innate immune responses are vital for pathogen defense but can result in septic shock when excessive. A key mediator of septic shock is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), which is shed from the plasma membrane after cleavage by the TNFα convertase (TACE). We report that the rhomboid family member iRhom2 interacted with TACE and regulated TNFα shedding. iRhom2 was critical for TACE maturation and trafficking to the cell surface in hematopoietic cells. Gene-targeted iRhom2-deficient mice showed reduced serum TNFα in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and could survive a lethal LPS dose. Furthermore, iRhom2-deficient mice failed to control the replication of Listeria monocytogenes. Our study has identified iRhom2 as a regulator of innate immunity that may be an important target for modulating sepsis and pathogen defense.  相似文献   

High-resolution protein structure determination by serial femtosecond crystallography     

Boutet S  Lomb L  Williams GJ  Barends TR  Aquila A  Doak RB  Weierstall U  DePonte DP  Steinbrener J  Shoeman RL  Messerschmidt M  Barty A  White TA  Kassemeyer S  Kirian RA  Seibert MM  Montanez PA  Kenney C  Herbst R  Hart P  Pines J  Haller G  Gruner SM  Philipp HT  Tate MW  Hromalik M  Koerner LJ  van Bakel N  Morse J  Ghonsalves W  Arnlund D  Bogan MJ  Caleman C  Fromme R  Hampton CY  Hunter MS  Johansson LC  Katona G  Kupitz C  Liang M  Martin AV  Nass K  Redecke L  Stellato F  Timneanu N  Wang D  Zatsepin NA  Schafer D  Defever J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6092):362-364

Structure determination of proteins and other macromolecules has historically required the growth of high-quality crystals sufficiently large to diffract x-rays efficiently while withstanding radiation damage. We applied serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) to obtain high-resolution structural information from microcrystals (less than 1 micrometer by 1 micrometer by 3 micrometers) of the well-characterized model protein lysozyme. The agreement with synchrotron data demonstrates the immediate relevance of SFX for analyzing the structure of the large group of difficult-to-crystallize molecules.  相似文献   

Synthetic genetic polymers capable of heredity and evolution     

Pinheiro VB  Taylor AI  Cozens C  Abramov M  Renders M  Zhang S  Chaput JC  Wengel J  Peak-Chew SY  McLaughlin SH  Herdewijn P  Holliger P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6079):341-344

Genetic information storage and processing rely on just two polymers, DNA and RNA, yet whether their role reflects evolutionary history or fundamental functional constraints is currently unknown. With the use of polymerase evolution and design, we show that genetic information can be stored in and recovered from six alternative genetic polymers based on simple nucleic acid architectures not found in nature [xeno-nucleic acids (XNAs)]. We also select XNA aptamers, which bind their targets with high affinity and specificity, demonstrating that beyond heredity, specific XNAs have the capacity for Darwinian evolution and folding into defined structures. Thus, heredity and evolution, two hallmarks of life, are not limited to DNA and RNA but are likely to be emergent properties of polymers capable of information storage.  相似文献   

Water repellency and pore clogging at early successional stages of microbiotic crusts on inland dunes,Brandenburg, NE Germany   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Thomas Fischer  Maik Veste  Wolfgang Wiehe  Philipp Lange 《CATENA》2010

Biological soil crusts play a key role for hydrological processes in many open landscapes. They seal the topsoil and generate surface run-off. Utilization of the mineral substrate at early stages of microbiotic crusts was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water repellency indices were measured using the ethanol/water microinfiltrometer method, and steady state water flow was determined on the dry crusts and after 300, 600, 1200 and 1800 s of wetting, thus allowing to follow pore clogging through swelling of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). It was found that water repellency increases with initial crust development where filamentous cyanobacteria and filamentous green algae were dominating, but decreases as coccal algae, bryophytes and fungi associated with bryophytes emerged. Swelling of EPS took place immediately after wetting, and its influence on steady state water flow was most pronounced when filamentous cyanobacteria and algae partially filled in the matrix pores and enmeshed sand grains, still leaving micropore channels available for free water infiltration, but prior to appearance of coccal algae, bryophytes and associated fungi which formed a dense cover on the surface. It was concluded that a new phase of crust succession was accompanied by easier wettability but slower infiltration. Transition from hydrophobicity to pore clogging as ruling mechanisms causing water run-off may occur during wetting of individual biological crusts, but also during crust succession over time.  相似文献   

Potential effects of food addition to sediment on test conditions in sediment toxicity tests     

Philipp Egeler  Kevin S. Henry  Caroline Riedhammer 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(3):377-388

Purpose  

Standardized sediment toxicity assays often employ periodic additions of uncontaminated food to sustain energy and growth requirements of the test organisms. Consequently, selective feeding on this uncontaminated food may reduce exposure to sediment particles containing the test substance. To address this issue, some standard guidelines propose to add food to the sediment before spiking with the test substance to account for multiple exposure routes, including ingestion of contaminated food. The present study focused on the influence of different feeding regimens and compositions of the aqueous medium on water quality (ammonia concentrations) and test organism development.  相似文献   

Parental care in response to natural variation in nest predation pressure in six sunfish (Centrarchidae: Teleostei) species     

S. J. Cooke  P. J. Weatherhead  D. H. Wahl  D. P. Philipp 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2008,17(4):628-638

Abstract – Parental care is an important, energetically costly component of the life history of many fishes. Despite this importance, little is known about how different species of fish vary parental care in response to natural nest predator burdens. In this study, underwater videography was used to quantify parental care activity of six species of syntopic nesting male centrarchid fishes in Lake Opinicon, Ontario, in response to natural predators. This approach was used to test the hypothesis that as offspring develop from eggs to wrigglers, parental care activity should decrease or remain static for fish guarding nests with low predator burden and increase for those with high predator burden, reflecting different external risks. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to derive common aeration and nest defence variables. Aeration and predator defence activity of the fish varied extensively among species. Parental care behaviours indicative of defence and vigilance (e.g., turning, departures, time away from nest, displays) tended to be highest for species that had the most predation attempts, although this was not entirely consistent. There was also a positive relationship between the defence PCA metric and attempted predation. Defence did not vary with stage of offspring development, although interactions between defence and developmental stage were noted for several species. A trade‐off between aeration and defence was not observed. In fact, species that provide high levels of aeration also simultaneously provide high levels of defence. Stage‐specific patterns of defence in this study were less apparent than those documented by studies using responses to staged predator intrusions making it unclear as to the extent that fish were responding to the level of the risk to offspring than to the value of the brood. Therefore, combined use of observational and experimental assessments of parental care investment may be most appropriate for refining current theoretical paradigms.  相似文献   

Die Not des deutschen Waldes     

Forstmeister Philipp Sinner 《European Journal of Forest Research》1931,53(17):610-619

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Reproductive investment drives capture probability in fish: an interspecific comparison     

D. A. H. Sutter  S. L. Shaw  M. S. Allen  D. P. Philipp  C. D. Suski 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2014,21(4):338-342

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