DIE WIRKUNG DER HERBIZIDE 2,4-D, AMITROL, ATRAZIN, CHLORPROPHAM UND CHLORFLURENOL AUF DIE NUCLEINSÄURE-BIOSYNTHESE DES ASCOMYCETEN NEUROSPORA CRASSA     

I. SCHRÖDER  M. MEYER UND  D. MÜCKE 《Weed Research》1970,10(2):172-177

Zusammenfassung. Es wurde die DNS- und RNS-Biosynthese von Neurospora crassa Wildstamm 3a6A unter Einfluss unterschiedlicher Konzentrationen von 2,4-D, Amitrol, Atrazin, Chlorpropham und Chlorflurenol untersucht. Die Variation der Herbizide erfolgte von 10^?3 bis 10^?6 M. Der in beliifteten Kulturen gezüchtete Pilz ist gegenuber Chlorpropham am empfindlichsten. Bei 10^?3 M ist die Toxizitätsgrenze überschritten und das Wachstum vollständig gehemmt. 2,4-D hat in einer Konzentration von 10^?3 M den grössten Einfluss auf die Nucleinsäure-Biosynthese. Die DNS-Werte erhöhen sich gegenüber der Kontrolle aiif 140%. Unter Einfluss von Atrazin (10^?3 M) scheint besonders die Protein-Synthese stimuliert zu werden. Die Zunahme beträgt hier fast 140%. Allgemein haben die untersuchten 5 Herbizide einen relativ geringen Einfluss auf die Nucleinsäure-Biosynthese. Ein grösserer Effect ist nur bei der höchsten Herbizid-Konzentration von 10^?3 M ZU erkennen. Der Pilz ist gegenüber diesen Herbiziden wenig empfindlich. Effets des herbicides 2,4-D, aminotriazole, atrazine, chlorprophame et chlorflurénol sur la biosynthése de l'acide nucléique chez un ascomycéte; Neurospora crassa Résumé. La biosynthése de l'ADN et de l'ARN fut déterminée chez la race sauvage 3a6A de Neurospara crassa, cultivé sur des milieux contenant du 2, 4-D, de l'aminotriazole, de l'atrazine, du chlorprophame et du chlorflurenol à des concentrations de 10^?3 a 10^?6 M. En culture aéréc, JV. crassa fut plus sensible au chlorprophame et à 10^?3 M. sa croissance fut complétement inhibée. L'effet le ptus marqué sur la biosynthésc de I'acide nucléique fut observé avec lc 2,4-D à 10^?3 M. concentration qui porta la teneur en ADN à 140% de celle du téemoin. Avec l'atrazine à 10^?3 M. la synthése des proteines en particulier sembla stimulée jusqu’à atteindre environ 140% du témoin. En général, les cinq herbicides etudids n'eurent qu'un effet relativement faibie sur la biosynthése de l'acide nucléique; seule la concentration la plus forte, 10^?3 M. cut un effet appreciable. N. crassa ne se montra pas tres sensible à ces herbicides. Effects of the herbicides 2,4-D, aminotriazole, atrazine, chlorpropham and chlorflurenol on nucleic-acid biosynthesis in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa Summary. Biosynthesis of DNA and RNA was determined in Neurospora crassa wild race 3a6A grown in cultures containing 2,4-D, aminotriazole, atrazine, chlorpropham and chlorflurenol in concentrations of 10^?3-10^?6 M. In aerated culture, N. crassa was most sensitive to chlorpropham and at 10^?3 M growth was completely inhibited. The greatest effect on nucleic-acid biosynthesis was given by 2,4-D at 10^?3 M which increased the DNA value to 140% of the control. With atrazine at 10^?3 M. protein synthesis in particular appeared to be stimulated, to almost 140% of the control. In general, the five herbicides studied had a relatively slight effect on nucleic-acid biosynthesis; only with the highest concentration of 10^?3 M was the effect appreciable. N. crassa was not very susceptible to these herbicides.  相似文献   

Action of new steroids in blocking effects of aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone on salt     

KAGAWA CM  CELLA JA  VAN ARMAN CG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1957,126(3281):1015-1016

  相似文献   

Lung Volume of Amphibian Tadpoles     

VAN Bergeijk WA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1957,126(3264):120-121

  相似文献   

GENESIS AND MORPHOLOGY OF SOME ALPINE PSEUDOGLEY PROFILES     

J. BOUMA  L. VAN DER  PLAS 《European Journal of Soil Science》1971,22(1):81-93

Two representative Alpine pseudogley profiles from a high Alpine region in Switzerland are described. Their genesis is mainly a function of illuviation, oxidation and reduction processes, and frost action. A relationship between soil type and vegetation was not found. The higher content of silt in the topsoil can be attributed largely to sedimentation of wind-blown particles.  相似文献   

Effects of experimental Escherichia coli endotoxaemia on ampicillin: amoxycillin blood levels after oral and parental administration in calves     

D. G. GROOTHUIS  A. S. J. P. A. M. VAN MIERT  G. ZIV†  J. F. M. NOUWS‡ 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1978,1(1):81-84

  相似文献   

Regional Perfusion of the Equine Carpus for Antibiotic Delivery     

KAREN J. WHITEHAIR DVM  MS    WILLIAM E. BLEVINS DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVR    JOHN F. FESSLER DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    DAVID C. VAN SICKLE DVM  PhD    MELVIN R. WHITE DVM  PhD  ROBERT P. BILL DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(4):279-285

Regional perfusion of carpal tissues by forced intramedullary administration of fluids was evaluated in 10 horses. Results of subtraction radiography after perfusion with a contrast medium demonstrated that perfusate was delivered to the carpal tissues by the venous system. Perfused India ink was distributed uniformly in the antebrachiocarpal and middle carpal synovial membranes. Histologically, the ink was within the venules of the synovial villi. Immediately after perfusion with gentamicin sulfate (1 g), the gentamicin concentrations in the synovial fluid and synovial membrane of the antebrachiocarpal joint were 349 +/- 240 micrograms/mL and 358 +/- 264 micrograms/g, respectively. When gentamicin concentrations in the synovial fluid of the antebrachiocarpal joint and serum were measured 0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after carpal perfusion, the mean peak gentamicin concentration in the synovial fluid was 589 +/- 429 micrograms/mL. At hour 24, the mean gentamicin concentration in the synovial fluid was 4.8 +/- 2.0 micrograms/mL. The resulting peak gentamicin concentration in the serum was 23.7 +/- 14.5 micrograms/mL immediately after the perfusion; it decreased below the desired trough level of 1 micrograms/mL between hours 4 and 8.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—TRICUSPID ATRESIA IN AN ALPACA     

JOANN SLACK  IMOGEN JOHNS  REW VAN EPS  VIRGINIA B. REEF 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(3):309-312

  相似文献   

Effects of dissolved organic matter on the mobility of copper in a contaminated sandy soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. J. M. TEMMINGHOFF  S. E. A. T. M. VAN DER  ZEE F. A. M. DE  HAAN 《European Journal of Soil Science》1998,49(4):617-628

Changes in land use can result in increased soil organic matter content, and decreases in Ca and pH which will affect the mobility of Cu in soil. We studied how the mobility and coagulation of dissolved organic matter and pH affected the mobility of Cu in contaminated sandy soil by batch and column experiments in the laboratory. The soil, with pH ranging from 3.8 to 5.7, had been polluted with Cu in the range 0.13–1.9 mmol kg^?1 more than a decade ago. Calcium and Cu bound by dissolved organic matter (purified humic acid) was determined in the pH range 4–8; Cu²⁺ concentration ranged from 10^?4 to 10^?12M and Ca²⁺ concentration from 10^?3 to 10^?6M. Binding of Cu by dissolved organic matter as affected by Ca and pH could be predicted well with the non-ideal competitive adsorption (NICA) model. Coagulation of dissolved organic matter was affected by the amount of trivalent (Al³⁺) and divalent (Ca²⁺ and Cu²⁺) cations in solution. There was little effect of pH on coagulation between pH 4 and 6. The concentration of the divalent cations, Ca²⁺ and Cu²⁺, at which coagulation of dissolved organic matter appeared could be explained by differences in the binding of Ca and Cu by dissolved organic matter. Binding of Cu by dissolved organic matter as well as by solid organic matter, both affected by Ca and pH, could be described well with the NICA model. We investigated the coagulation and mobility of dissolved organic matter in column experiments and found that they enhanced Cu mobility. Three processes, Cu desorption by soil, dissolved organic matter coagulation and Cu complexation by dissolved organic matter, act simultaneously in the soil columns. All three with counteracting effects on Cu mobility are influenced by Ca and pH and could be adequately represented by the multicomponent NICA model.  相似文献   

Balance trials with African catfish Clarias gariepinus fed phytase-treated soybean meal-based diets     

J.H. VAN WEERD  KHALAF  AARTSEN  & TIJSSEN 《Aquaculture Nutrition》1999,5(2):135-142

Balance trials were conducted with African catfish Clarias gariepinus to assess the effect of phytase treatment of soybean meal-based diets on growth, feed utilization and nutrient budgets. Isocaloric (20–22 kJ g⁻¹) and isonitrogenous (47–50% protein) diets were tested. In a first experiment the control diet (58% fish meal and 18% soybean meal) was compared with two diets containing 6% fish meal and 69% soybean meal, and two diets containing 29% fish meal and 41% soybean meal. One of each of these two diets had been pretreated with phytase (1000 units per kg dry diet). In the second experiment, the control diet (6% fish meal and 69% soybean meal, pretreated with 1000 units phytase kg⁻¹ dry diet) was compared with four diets that were similar in composition but supplemented with increasing amounts of phytase (15, 380, 750, 1000 units kg⁻¹ dry diet). Replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in the first experiment led to a depression in growth rate and feed utilization parameters. Results of both experiments clearly indicated a positive effect of phytase treatment, particularly on phosphorus digestibility and retention, and consequently the phosphorus conversion efficiency and the phosphorus budget. No differences in these parameters were found between addition of equal amounts of phytase by pretreatment or supplementation.  相似文献   

Review of morphological and behavioural differences between reared and wild individuals: Implications for sea-ranching of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., and European lobster, Homarus gammarus L.     

T. SVÅSAND  O. T. SKILBREI  G. I. VAN DER  MEEREN M. HOLM 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》1998,5(6):473-490

Abstract The main question which must be raised when planning to enhance natural populations through sea ranching is whether reared organisms are fit for a life in the wild, or more specifically, whether there are differences between reared and naturally resident individuals. The causes and effects of these differences are reviewed, and results from the Norwegian enhancement programme, which compared reared and wild individuals of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., and European lobster, Homarus gammarus L., are discussed with emphasis on morphological and behavioural differences. It was concluded that exposure to an artificial rearing environment during ontogeny can affect both the phenotype and the behaviour of the reared individuals, and thereby, their potential for survival after release into the wild as well. Suggestions are made as to how to diminish observed differences, and thereby, improve the survival potential.  相似文献