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11.
Raghavendra Kerur Vishwanath Ramesh Kurubarahalli Bhoothanna Rachana Rajan Remani Mahendra Chowdanayak Singh Surender Kumar Chander Subhash 《Phytoparasitica》2023,51(2):227-239
Phytoparasitica - Thrips are economically important pests of crops and vectors of viral diseases worldwide. Invasion and outbreak of thrips have recently caused havoc in agricultural and... 相似文献
12.
The kinetics of inhibition of rice bran lipase (RBL) by phenylboronic acid (PBA) was studied to elucidate the nature of inhibition and the effect of the inhibitor on the structure-function of RBL. The effectiveness of an inhibitor is normally expressed by the constant K(i), which is calculated from the Lineweaver-Burk plot and found to be 1.7 mM at pH 7.4. The kinetics of inhibition by PBA was competitive, indicating the presence of serine in the active site of the enzyme. The loss of activity of RBL was concentration dependent on the inhibitor (PBA), and the inactivation followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics. Fluorescence emission measurements indicated a decrease in the fluorescence emission intensity and a red shift in the emission maximum as the inhibitor concentration was increased. The inhibition of the enzyme by PBA was also confirmed by thermal denaturation measurements, which indicated a shift in the thermal denaturation temperature of the enzyme toward lower temperatures. The far-UV-CD data suggest that there were no significant changes in the conformation of the enzyme as a result of binding of PBA. These results indicate that PBA is a potential inhibitor of RBL and binds to the enzyme in bringing about inhibition without any structural alterations. 相似文献
13.
P Sreejalekshmi BS Raghavendra T Siva Subramani V Chandrashekara Murthy KV Jamuna RV Prasad JP Ravindra S Selvaraju 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):59-65
The objective of this experiment was to assess the features and extent of follicular apoptosis in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) ovary using classical histology and nick end labelling technique. Ovaries (n = 40) procured from the slaughterhouse were used for the study. The sections (5 μm) were used for detection of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) and classical histology (H&E). Those follicles showing ≥ 5% TUNEL positivity (TUNEL assay) and pyknotic nuclei (histology) in granulosa cells were classified as atretic. Based on histology, the atretic primary and secondary follicles (%) were 93.82 and 95.62 respectively. The histology study reveals that the rates (%) of atresia in <1, 1–3, 3–5 mm and >5 mm were 36.90, 40.50, 62.84 and 74.5 respectively. Further the atretic tertiary follicles (%) were significantly lower than the primary and secondary classes of follicles. TUNEL assay reveals that the atretic rate (%) of tertiary follicles in <1, 1–3, 3–5 and ≥ 5 mm class follicles were 50.88, 53.84, 81.81 and 36.36 respectively. The percentage of atresia in >5 mm diameter follicles were significantly lower in TUNEL than histology. Percentages of granulosa and thecal cells positive for atresia by TUNEL were 30.7 ± 0.53 and 13.82 ± 0.18 respectively per follicle. The initial structural changes in atretic follicles were seen primarily in the granulosa cells. In severely atretic follicles TUNEL positive granulosa cells along with theca cells have to be considered in assessing the rate and extent of atresia. 相似文献
14.
Hemaprasanth Singh R Raghavendra A Sridhar N Raghunath MR Eknath AE 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,178(1-2):156-162
Study was conducted to find out the comparative susceptibility of fingerlings of seven species of carps (Labeo fimbriatus, L. rohita, L. calbasu, Catla catla, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio and Hypophthamichthys molitrix) grown under both mono and polyculture to Lernaea cyprinacea infection. Under monoculture, C. carpio, L. rohita and L. calbasu, did not acquire Lernaea infection and were thus considered resistant, whereas C. idella, H. molitrix, C. catla and L. fimbriatus were susceptible. Even challenge with higher infective doses of copepodids under monoculture did not result in infection in the resistant fish species. The resistance of L. rohita and C. carpio to Lernaea infection under monoculture was not sustained when these two fish species were maintained in polyculture along with susceptible fish species. Labeo calbasu, even under polyculture, however, did not acquire Lernaea infection indicating that this fish species is the most resistant and least preferred host for this parasite. Similarly, C. carpio, L. rohita and L. calbasu when grown together in polyculture and exposed to a higher infective dose (120 copepodids/fish) also did not develop the infection. The possible reasons for differences in susceptibility shown by these carp species in monoculture and the loss of resistance by rohu and common carp while in polyculture with susceptible species are discussed. The ability of resistant fish species to prevent establishment of anchor worms on them under monoculture can be utilized to control this parasitic infection commonly encountered in culture ponds. 相似文献
15.
Gadagkar R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5702):1694-1695
16.
P. P. Sengupta M. Balumahendiran A. G. Raghavendra T. G. Honnappa M. R. Gajendragad K. Prabhudas 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):205-210
A seroprevalence study of bovine neosporosis was conducted among 1,927 dairy cattle and 341 water buffaloes from Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh states in plateau of southern peninsular India by employing competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall, 12.61 and 9.97 % sera samples were found positive for the presence of Neospora caninum antibody, respectively, among cattle and water buffaloes. Out of 1,927 sera samples from cattle, 912 and 1,015 samples were collected from unorganized and organized herds, respectively. The cattle screened were of upgraded Holstein–Friesian and water buffaloes were of graded Surti breed. Significantly (p?<?0.05) higher prevalence was found in the cattle in unorganized herds (16.66 %) in comparison to organized herds (8.96 %). The highest seroprevalence was recorded in the age group of 4 years and above in both type of cattle herds and water buffaloes. There was a significant variation of seroprevalence (p?<?0.05) observed between different age groups of cattle. The rate of seroprevalence increased with the increment in the age of the animals suggesting a possibility of horizontal mode of transmission of the infection from the environment. The percentage of abortion history was more in seropositive group (51.65 %) in comparison to the seronegative group (5.84 %) and the seropositive cattle were 8.84 times more likely to experience abortion than the seronegative cattle. The occurrence of abortion among different age groups varied significantly (p?<?0.05). The findings revealed the presence of neosporosis in the southern peninsular India among cattle and water buffaloes and a strong association between the seroprevalence and abortion. 相似文献
17.
A commercially developed cytokinin and seaweed extract formulation “Dravya” was used at 0.3% concentration for soaking of sorghum seeds for 12 h to test its effect on germination, vigour index, chlorophyll content and defense enzyme activity against seed mycoflora of sorghum. Among the treatments, Dravya (0.3%) with Dithane M-45 (0.1%) and GLSTIN (0.1%) or separately or in combination resulted is maximum percentage of seed germination, seedling vigour and reduced the incidence of seed mycoflora besides defense enzymes enhancement was noticed. In this study, Dravya was used for seed soaking, foliar spray, separately as well as in combination with GLSTIN and Mancozeb M-45 to test its efficacy in the enhancement of seedling vigour, chlorophyll content and defence enzyme activities. Hence, it is inferred that Dravya is a good growth promoter and improves natural resistance to disease in sorghum. 相似文献
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19.
Irshad Muzammil Sulaiman Cherakuri Raghavendra Babu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1996,43(4):351-356
Populations of Meconopsis paniculata and M. sinuata inhabit open alpine slopes, while those of M. simplicifolia are restricted to alpine meadows of Sikkim Himalaya. These species are threatened and represented by very small populations. Three enzymes namely acid phosphatase, esterase, and glutamate dehydrogenase were tested for six populations each of M. paniculata and M. simplicifolia and single population of M. sinuata to analyse the genetic diversity of these species. In addition, alkaline phosphatases, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were tested for M. paniculata populations. The results on the electrophoretic variations revealed that genetic polymorphism is low to absent in all the populations of the three species of Meconopsis investigated, and the species are characterized by genetic homogeneity with fixed alleles. 相似文献
20.
Raghavendra Narayanrao Kulkarni Kuppusamy Baskaran 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(2):123-129
An extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12), a bushy mutant (EMS 24-5), their parental variety Nirmal, and their double mutant recombinant were used to study individual and combined effects of genes producing opposite effects on plant height in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Plant height of the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) was controlled by epistatic inhibitory interaction between two independently inherited dominant genes, Et and H; Et producing extremely tall phenotype and H inhibiting Et. Both genes were inherited independently of plant height-reducing recessive gene by in the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5). Individually, genes Et and by increased and reduced plant height at harvest (when plant were 9 months old) by 90 and 25%, respectively, over parental variety. The double mutant recombinant (Etby) was taller than the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5) and variety, Nirmal but shorter than the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) at different stages. At 1 to 7 weeks after germination, its height was 7.4 to 30.0% greater than the mid-parental value but 5.8 to 30.5% shorter than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by. At the age of 4 to 9 months, its height was 5.4 to 40.1% greater than the mid-parental value and 5.6 to 44.1% (except at 5 months) greater than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by, suggesting age-dependent epistatic interaction between the genes. No interaction effects were observed for leaf and root yields or contents of alkaloids in leaves and roots. 相似文献