Report of The Site Selection Committee to the PAA Business Meeting Wednesday July 27, 1994     

Brian L. Rex  Joe Sieczka  Alexander Pavlista  Duane Preston  Pete Weingartner  Robert O’Keefe  Jonathon Whitworth  Chesley E. Smith  Rob Davidson  Gregory Porter  Dan Hane  Terry Work 《American Journal of Potato Research》1994,71(11):782-794

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Association of Trypanosoma vivax in extracellular sites with central nervous system lesions and changes in cerebrospinal fluid in experimentally infected goats     

Batista JS  Rodrigues CM  García HA  Bezerra FS  Olinda RG  Teixeira MM  Soto-Blanco B 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):63

ABSTRACT: Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and anatomical and histopathological central nervous system (CNS) lesions were evaluated, and the presence of Trypanosoma vivax in CNS tissues was investigated through PCR. Twelve adult male goats were divided into three groups (G): G1, infected with T. vivax and evaluated during the acute phase; G2, infected goats evaluated during the chronic phase; and G3, consisting of non-infected goats. Each goat from G1 and G2 was infected with 1.25 × 105 trypomastigotes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and investigation of T. vivax was performed at the 15th day post-infection (dpi) in G1 goats and on the fifth day after the manifestation of nervous system infection signs in G2 goats. All goats were necropsied, and CNS fragments from G1 and G2 goats were evaluated by PCR for the determination of T. vivax. Hyperthermia, anemia and parasitemia were observed from the fifth dpi for G1 and G2, with the highest parasitemia peak between the seventh and 21st dpi. Nervous system infection signs were observed in three G2 goats between the 30th and 35th dpi. CSF analysis revealed the presence of T. vivax for G2. Meningitis and meningoencephalitis were diagnosed in G2. PCR were positive for T. vivax in all the samples tested. In conclusion, T. vivax may reach the nervous tissue resulting in immune response from the host, which is the cause of progressive clinical and pathological manifestations of the CNS in experimentally infected goats.  相似文献   

Dr Peter Rossdale, OBE, Editor Equine Veterinary Journal 1980-2010     

Blikslager A  Christley R  Jeffcott L  Silver I  van Weeren R 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(1):2-2

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The under-recognized dominance of Verrucomicrobia in soil bacterial communities     

Bergmann GT  Bates ST  Eilers KG  Lauber CL  Caporaso JG  Walters WA  Knight R  Fierer N 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(7):1450-1455

Verrucomicrobia are ubiquitous in soil, but members of this bacterial phylum are thought to be present at low frequency in soil, with few studies focusing specifically on verrucomicrobial abundance, diversity, and distribution. Here we used barcoded pyrosequencing to analyze verrucomicrobial communities in surface soils collected across a range of biomes in Antarctica, Europe, and the Americas (112 samples), as well as soils collected from pits dug in a montane coniferous forest (69 samples). Data collected from surface horizons indicate that Verrucomicrobia average 23% of bacterial sequences, making them far more abundant than had been estimated. We show that this underestimation is likely due to primer bias, as many of the commonly used PCR primers appear to exclude verrucomicrobial 16S rRNA genes during amplification. Verrucomicrobia were detected in 180 out of 181 soils examined, with members of the class Spartobacteria dominating verrucomicrobial communities in nearly all biomes and soil depths. The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia was highest in grasslands and in subsurface soil horizons, where they were often the dominant bacterial phylum. Although their ecology remains poorly understood, Verrucomicrobia appear to be dominant in many soil bacterial communities across the globe, making additional research on their ecology clearly necessary.  相似文献   

Complications and outcome of cats with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with thin film: Thirty-four cases (2008-2017)     

Paula Valiente  Mary Trehy  Rob White  Pieter Nelissen  Jackie Demetriou  Giacomo Stanzani  Benito de la Puerta 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(1):117-124

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Residual Nitrogen Effects in Organically Cultivated Beetroot Following a Harvested/Green Manured Grass-Clover Ley     

Anita Gunnarsson  Börje Lindén  Ulla Gertsson 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1355-1381

ABSTRACT

The residual nitrogen (N) effect on beetroot following harvested grass-clover (H-ley) or corresponding twice-cut green manure (GM-ley) was compared with a barley control. The residual N at beetroot harvest, calculated as N in beetroot crop and mineral N in the 0–90 cm soil layer, was 83 kg ha^?1 for the GM-ley when barley was set to zero. The effect of GM-ley exceeded that of 3H-ley (3 harvests) by 74 kg N ha^?1 and 2H-ley (2 harvests) by 42 kg N ha^?1. Prediction of residual effects was studied using a model with a humification coefficient (hc) of 0.35 and another with different hc values for different plant materials. The former gave the best fit to observed data in regression analysis. The latter gave the best fit to observed data in absolute values. The residual N effect of GM biomass from summer cuttings corresponded to 40–70% of the potential effect.  相似文献   

C and N Turnover and Lignocellulose Degradation During Composting of Miscanthus Straw And Liquid Pig Manure     

F. Eiland  M. Leth  M. Klamer  A.-M. Lind  H.E.K. Jensen  J.J.L. Iversen 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(3):186-196

To obtain a peat substitute for pot plants, Miscanthus straw and liquid pig manure were composted in two different systems (open box and closed reactor) and examined for changes in pH, water content and chemical composition (nitrogen, carbon, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin). Temperature maxima of 65-70°C were achieved within a few days in both systems. Composting and sampling were continued for 190 days in the box system and 150 days in the reactor. Major loss of nitrogen was found in a period of eight days after temperature maximum followed by stabilization. Accumulation of nitrate was observed during final weeks of composting in both systems. A marked decrease in content of hemicellulose was seen just after temperature maximum followed by slow, constant decrease throughout remaining composting period. The same pattern was observed for degradation of cellulose, though degradation was initiated later in the experiment. Degradation of hemicellulose was nearly 100% in both systems, whereas the cellulose decrease was 64 and 70% in the box and reactor, respectively. Lignin was not degraded during the experiments. Though initial C/N ratio was different in the two systems (25 in box and 16 in reactor), final ratios were the same (C/N=13). In spite of the similarities, the more complicated closed system is preferred if removal of ammonia from exit gas is considered.  相似文献   

Poverty reduction through the development of inclusive food value chains          下载免费PDF全文

Rob VOS  Andrea CATTANEO 《农业科学学报》2021,20(4):964-978

Propelled by urbanization, rising incomes, and changing diets, food markets have been expanding in Africa and South Asia, creating the vast potential for job and income opportunities along food supply chains and, hence, for poverty reduction. The novel coronavirus(COVID-19) that spread to a pandemic in early 2020 provokes enormous setbacks to this expansion. This, however, should provide lessons regarding the importance of resilient and inclusive food systems. Emergency responses to COVID-19 should consider interventions towards that end and leverage the opportunities provided by food markets growth as economies recover from the present economic recession. This paper assesses options of how this could be done by facilitating the better functioning and interconnectedness of the many small and medium-sized enterprises that are proliferating along the "hidden middle" of food value chains in storage, logistics, transportation, and wholesale and retail distribution. It also explores how policies can help smallholder farmers connect to this "hidden middle" in more gainful ways and help them climb out of poverty as well.  相似文献   

Effects of companion crops and tillage on soil phosphorus in a Brazilian oxisol: a chemical and 31P NMR spectroscopy study     

Eberhardt  Diogo  Marchão  Robélio  Quiquampoix  Hervé  Le Guernevé  Christine  Ramaroson  Volaniaina  Sauvadet  Marie  Muraoka  Takashi  Becquer  Thierry 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(2):1024-1037

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Phosphorus (P) is often the main limiting factor for plant growth in highly weathered tropical soils. Phosphate use efficiency and crop yields could be increased in...  相似文献   

Analysing agricultural users’ patterns of behaviour: The case of OPTIRas™, a decision support system for starch crop selection     

Laura Măruşter  Niels R. FaberRené J. Jorna  Rob van Haren 《Agricultural Systems》2008

Redesigning IT systems for specific user groups encompasses a lot of effort with respect to analysing and understanding user behaviour. The goal of this paper is to provide insights into patterns of behaviour of agricultural users, during the usage of a decision support system called OPTIRas™. This system aids agricultural users in their cultivar selection activities. We analyse logs resulting from OPTIRas™, and we get insights into user’s navigational patterns. We claim that the results of our analysis can be used to support the redesign of decision support systems in order to address specific agricultural users’ characteristics.  相似文献