Thermal decomposition,chemical composition,in vitro digestibility and gas production and in situ degradability of oilseed residues from the biofuel industry          下载免费PDF全文

Anderson Dias Vieira de Souza  Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo  Simone Palma Fávaro  Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo  Hélène Veronique Petit  Alexandre Menezes Dias  Maria da Graça Morais  Fernando Alvarenga Reis  Renato Roscoe 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):79-87

Thermal analysis could rapidly and easily predict nutritional value of ruminant feeds. The hypothesis is that crambe meal (CM) has a quality similar to that of soybean meal (SM), and the objective of this study was to determine the nutritional characteristics of CM and compare them to those of SM. CM had greater concentrations of phytic acid (26.3 vs. 16.0 g/kg) and phenol compounds (615 vs. 393 mg gallic acid (GAE)/kg) than SM. In vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility was lower for CM than SM (752 vs. 975 g/kg DM). Cumulative in vitro gas production at 48 h of incubation (14.1 vs. 19.4 mL/100 mg substrate DM), and energy release (4.5 vs. 5.7 kJ/g substrate DM) were lower for CM than SM. CM had a higher concentration of low digestible fiber, hence degradability of DM was lower and the proportion of indigestible fraction was greater for CM than SM. High concentrations of indigestible compounds were likely responsible for lower gas production of CM compared to SM. These results suggest CM quality is lower than that of SM and that thermal analysis is a useful tool to precisely determine the nutritive value of oilseed residues.  相似文献   

The synergistic effect of organic acids,phytochemicals and a permeabilizing complex reduces <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella</Emphasis> Typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i-shedding in pigs     

Jessica Ruggeri  Fabio Foresti  Roberta Pavesi  Alessia Terrini  Francesca Giudici  Diego Padoan  Attilio Corradi  Maria Cristina Ossiprandi  Paolo Pasquali  Giovanni Loris Alborali 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(3):209-217

Salmonella Typhimurium (including S.Typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i-) and other enteric pathogens cause acute infection in pigs during the weaning stage, often evolving into chronic infections responsible for the introduction of zoonotic bacteria into the slaughterhouse and thus determining carcass contamination. In addition to being zoonotic hazards, these pathogens are responsible for economic losses in affected farms. Traditionally, antibiotic treatments have been largely administered in order to reduce the infection burden but it favored, as a direct consequence, an increase in the number of multi-drug resistance strains. In order to overcome antibiotic-resistance concerns, new alternative control strategies should be developed. In this context, a blend of organic acids, phytochemicals and a permeabilizing complex, administered in feed (Group A - 459 piglets) or water (Group B – 458 piglets), was tested in field conditions for its capability of reducing Salmonella-infection in weaned piglets of an endemic farm. Data recorded were compared to results of a control group (Group C - 456 piglets). Zootechnical parameters were recorded in all animals, while microbiological, serological and PCR analyses were conducted in 15 piglets for each group. Results demonstrated that additive administered in feed improved animal weight gain (better average daily gain [A.D.G.] and increment), and rapidly reduced Salmonella-shedding in feces. Administration of additive in feed gave better results than in water.  相似文献   

Factors Influencing Wound Healing Complications After Wide Excision of Injection Site Sarcomas of the Trunk of Cats     

Matteo Cantatore DVM  PhD  Roberta Ferrari DVM  Patrizia Boracchi PhD  Matteo Gobbetti DVM  PhD  Olga Travetti DVM  PhD  Giuliano Ravasio DVM  PhD  Chiara Giudice DVM  PhD  Mauro Di Giancamillo DVM  PhD  Valeria Grieco DVM  PhD  Damiano Stefanello DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(7):783-790

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Detection of genes encoding for virulence and adherence factors in Escherichia coli isolated in slaughtered Sarda breed sheep     

Busia Gianluca  Mureddu Anna  Mazza Roberta  Meloni Domenico  Consolati Simonetta G.  Piras Francesca  Burgess Catherine M.  Duffy Geraldine  R Mazzette 《Veterinary microbiology》2014

In order to investigate the pathogenic profile of Escherichia coli hosted in “Sarda” sheep, autochthonous race present in Sardinia, thirty-seven E. coli strains collected from different sources (fleeces, carcass swabs and gut mucosa) of pre-chill slaughtered sheep (ewes and lambs) were serotyped using pheno- and genotypic methods. Furthermore, the presence of genes encoding for virulence factors and mediating for localized mucosal adherence factors was investigated, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) characterization was performed.  相似文献   

Rapid confirmatory assay for determining 12 sulfonamide antimicrobials in milk and eggs by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry     

Bogialli S  Curini R  Di Corcia A  Nazzari M  Polci ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(15):4225-4232

A rapid confirmatory method for determining 12 sulfonamide (SAs) antibacterials in whole milk and eggs is presented. This method is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique with hot water as extractant followed by liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS). The LC-MS instrument was equipped with an electrospray ion source and a single quadrupole. After 4 mL of a milk sample containing the analytes had been deposited on sand (crystobalite), this material was packed into an extraction cell. SAs were extracted by flowing 4 mL of water through the cell heated at 75 degrees C. With some modifications, this procedure was applied also to eggs. After pH adjustment and filtration, 0.5 mL of the final extracts was then injected into the LC column. MS data acquisition was performed in the positive-ion mode and by monitoring at least three ions for each target compound. The in-source collision-induced dissociation process produced confirmatory ions. At the 50 ng/g level, recovery of the analytes in milk and eggs was 77-92% with relative standard deviations ranging between 1 and 11%. Estimated limits of quantification (S/N = 10) were 1-3 ng/g of SAs in milk and 2-6 ng/g in eggs. With both matrices, attempts to reduce the analysis time by using a short chromatographic run time caused severe ion signal suppression for the early-eluted SAs. This effect was traced to competition effects by polar endogenous coextractives, maybe proteinaceous species, which are eluted in the first part of the chromatographic run. This unwelcome effect was almost completely removed by simply adopting more selective chromatographic conditions.  相似文献   

Anthocyanins accumulation and related gene expression in red orange fruit induced by low temperature storage   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lo Piero AR  Puglisi I  Rapisarda P  Petrone G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(23):9083-9088

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Clinical features of muscle cramp in 14 dogs     

Teresa Gagliardo  Roberta Ruggeri  Andrea Di Paola  Massimo Baroni  Giunio B. Cherubini  Antonella Gallucci  Cristian Falzone  Stefania Trimboli  Andrey Albul  Gualtiero Gandini 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):372-377

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Phylogeography and conservation perspectives of an endangered macaronesian endemic: Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl. (Oleaceae)     

Raquel C. Ferreira  Roberta Piredda  Francesca Bagnoli  Rosanna Bellarosa  Marcella Attimonelli  Silvia Fineschi  Bartolomeo Schirone  Marco C. Simeone 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(2):181-195

The Azores provide an excellent field test for research activities aimed at developing conservation strategies for endangered tree species. In this work, the urgency to promote Picconia azorica conservation programs addressed (a) insights into the biotaxonomy of the species (including an evaluation of its origin and relationships with the only congeneric species of P. azorica: P. excelsa from the Canary and Madeira islands) and (b) the evaluation of P. azorica genetic diversity. Plastid DNA sequence analysis and molecular markers (RFLP and SSR) were used for this purpose. Phylogenetic data suggest the monophyly of Picconia and support a late Miocene divergence of the two species. Three polymorphic cpSSR loci allowed the identification of five different haplotypes in P. azorica. Uniqueness and relictuality of lineages are presented and discussed. Picconia azorica intra-specific diversity patterns revealed low genetic diversity and a weak genetic structure, which could result from long-lasting ecological stability and efficient inter-island seed movement that have been severely affected in recent times. The species survival is at risk, and we suggest management practices focusing on ex situ and in situ conservation units based on eco-genetic data. Additional measures contributing to mild erosion of the genepool and to remove barriers to seed dispersal are indicated.  相似文献   

Polyketide Synthases in the Microbiome of the Marine Sponge Plakortis halichondrioides: A Metagenomic Update     

Gerardo Della Sala  Thomas Hochmuth  Roberta Teta  Valeria Costantino  Alfonso Mangoni 《Marine drugs》2014,12(11):5425-5440

Sponge-associated microorganisms are able to assemble the complex machinery for the production of secondary metabolites such as polyketides, the most important class of marine natural products from a drug discovery perspective. A comprehensive overview of polyketide biosynthetic genes of the sponge Plakortis halichondrioides and its symbionts was obtained in the present study by massively parallel 454 pyrosequencing of complex and heterogeneous PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) products amplified from the metagenomic DNA of a specimen of P. halichondrioides collected in the Caribbean Sea. This was accompanied by a survey of the bacterial diversity within the sponge. In line with previous studies, sequences belonging to supA and swfA, two widespread sponge-specific groups of polyketide synthase (PKS) genes were dominant. While they have been previously reported as belonging to Poribacteria (a novel bacterial phylum found exclusively in sponges), re-examination of current genomic sequencing data showed supA and swfA not to be present in the poribacterial genome. Several non-supA, non-swfA type-I PKS fragments were also identified. A significant portion of these fragments resembled type-I PKSs from protists, suggesting that bacteria may not be the only source of polyketides from P. halichondrioides, and that protistan PKSs should receive further investigation as a source of novel polyketides.  相似文献   

Quinone and Hydroquinone Metabolites from the Ascidians of the Genus Aplidium     

Camila Spereta Bertanha  Ana Helena Januário  Tavane Aparecida Alvarenga  Letícia Pereira Pimenta  Márcio Luis Andrade e Silva  Wilson Roberto Cunha  Patrícia Mendon?a Pauletti 《Marine drugs》2014,12(6):3608-3633

Ascidians of the genus Aplidium are recognized as an important source of chemical diversity and bioactive natural products. Among the compounds produced by this genus are non-nitrogenous metabolites, mainly prenylated quinones and hydroquinones. This review discusses the isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activities of quinones, hydroquinones, rossinones, longithorones, longithorols, floresolides, scabellones, conicaquinones, aplidinones, thiaplidiaquinones, and conithiaquinones. A compilation of the ¹³C-NMR spectral data of these compounds is also presented.  相似文献