Accompanying ions of ammonium sources and nitrate : ammonium ratios in tomato plants          下载免费PDF全文

Rafael Ferreira Barreto  Flávio José Rodrigues Cruz  Lucas Aparecido Gaion  Renato de Mello Prado  Rogério Falleiros Carvalho 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2018,181(3):382-387

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Micro‐Tom (MT) is widely used in physiological studies, but the effects of nitrate ( ) and ammonium ( ) ratios ( : ratios) and, in particular, the effects of the accompanying ions in sources are unknown. To determine whether the accompanying ions in sources influence toxicity, the effects of : ratios on the physiology, electrolyte leakage index, nutrition, and dry weight were studied using hydroponics. The sources were ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) or ammonium sulfate [(NH₄)₂SO₄], and five : ratios were used: 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, and 0 : 100. The source was calcium nitrate [Ca(NO₃)₂], and the nitrogen (N) concentration was 15 mmol L^?1. The results indicate that NH₄Cl or (NH₄)₂SO₄ can be used in studies on toxicity because the accompanying ions did not influence the tomato plants. In addition, : ratios of 100 : 0 and 75 : 25 resulted in the highest dry weight of tomato plants, whereas ratios of 25 : 75 or 0 : 100 were toxic.  相似文献   

Additions of landscape metrics improve predictions of occurrence of species distribution models     

Érica Hasui  Vinícius X. Silva  Rogério G. T. Cunha  Flavio N. Ramos  Milton C. Ribeiro  Mario Sacramento  Marco T. P. Coelho  Diego G. S. Pereira  Bruno R. Ribeiro 《林业研究》2017,28(5):963-974

Species distribution models are used to aid our understanding of the processes driving the spatial patterns of species’ habitats. This approach has received criticism, however, largely because it neglects landscape metrics. We examined the relative impacts of landscape predictors on the accuracy of habitat models by constructing distribution models at regional scales incorporating environmental variables (climate, topography, vegetation, and soil types) and secondary species occurrence data, and using them to predict the occurrence of 36 species in 15 forest fragments where we conducted rapid surveys. We then selected six landscape predictors at the landscape scale and ran general linear models of species presence/absence with either a single scale predictor (the probabilities of occurrence of the distribution models or landscape variables) or multiple scale predictors (distribution models + one landscape variable). Our results indicated that distribution models alone had poor predictive abilities but were improved when landscape predictors were added; the species responses were not, however, similar to the multiple scale predictors. Our study thus highlights the importance of considering landscape metrics to generate more accurate habitat suitability models.  相似文献   

Foliar phosphorus fertilization of common bean complementing phosphate fertilization at sowing     

Rogério Nunes Gonçalves  Itamar Rosa Teixeira 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(11):1580-1587

The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of common bean plants to phosphorus (P) applied to the leaves at different growth stages, as a complement to phosphate fertilization at sowing. The experiment followed the 2 × 7-factor randomized block design (RBD) with four replicates. The first factor was fertilization with P at the base with 60 and 120 kg ha^?1 of phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅). The second factor was the times and doses of P applied to the leaves: 0.5 or 1 kg ha^?1 of P₂O₅, at the V3 phenological stage; parceled in the following manner: 20% in V3, another 40% in R5 and 40% in R6, or 50% in R5 and 50% in R6; and one treatment with no P₂O₅ application to the leaves. P-based foliar fertilization increased P content in the grains of plants grown in soils with greater P availability. The lower common bean biomass production under scarce P availability was minimized by the foliar fertilization, as well as its productivity when 1 kg ha^?1 of P₂O₅ was applied to the leaves, 50% in the R5 phenological stage and 50% in R6. The highest productivity was obtained with the application of 0.5 kg ha^?1 of P₂O₅ to the leaves in the V3 phenological stage with the 120 kg ha^?1 dose at the base.  相似文献   

Hatching success and embryonic mortality on lesser rhea (Pterocnemia pennata) farms in northern Patagonia, Argentina     

Reissig EC  Terzolo H  Armando S  Rogé A 《British poultry science》2004,45(4):471-475

1. The hatching success and embryonic mortality of 724 lesser rhea eggs from 12 farms in northern Patagonia, Argentina were monitored during the 2000 breeding season. 2. Average infertility was 24.5%, embryonic mortality was 33.5%, hatchability of fertile eggs was 66.5% and the neonatal mortality was 57.0%. There were large variations between different farms. 3. Bacterial contamination was high and egg hatchability was also affected by the occurrence of oedematous and malformed embryos. 4. No significant relationships were found between embryonic loss, duration of egg storage, initial egg weight or weight loss of hatched and failed eggs. 5. The low productivity on lesser rhea farms is caused not only by embryonic mortality but also by a high incidence of infertile eggs and neonatal mortality. 6. Bacterial infection may not have been the most important cause of incubation failure, indicating that nutritional deficiencies and inbreeding may play an important role in the productivity of these farms.  相似文献   

Sexual behavior and seminal quality of Piau boars     

Rogério O. Pinho  Hugo H. Shiomi  Daniel M.A. Lima  Edson V. Costa  Alberto Y. Chaya  Paulo S. Lopes  Simone E.F. Guimarães  José D. Guimarães 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2013,8(5):357-361

The objective of this study was to assess parameters of sexual behavior, seminal characteristics, testicular measurements, and their correlations in Piau boars. A total of 169 observations of the sexual behavior and prelude duration (courting) of 10 Piau boars aged from 0.8 to 6.4 years were made; semen was also collected from these animals. The testicular length (TL), testicular width (TW), testicular shape (TS; 1-5), and testicular volume (TV) of these animals were measured. The seminal physical and morphological characteristics of 60 ejaculates from 6 boars were assessed for volume of ejaculate (VOL), volume of the gelatinous portion (VOLGEL), aspect (ASP), sperm motility (MOT), spermatic vigor (VIG), spermatic concentration per milliliter (CONCML), total concentration (CONCT), and morphological characteristics (major defects [MAJDEF]; minor defects [MINDEF]; and total defects [TDEF]). The animals were subdivided into 3 age groups: G1 (0.8-2.0 years old), G2 (2.1-3.6 years old), and G3 (3.7 and 6.4 years olds). The physiological signs observed included duration of prelude (12.1 ± 4.1 minutes), time to collect semen (5.2 ± 1.8 minutes), nasonasal or genital contact behavior (71.6%), saliva emission (85.2%), urination during prelude (10.1%), penile exposure before collection (26.6%), flank stimulus (81.7%), chewing behavior (95.3%), and biting of the female or dummy (74.6%). The mean values of TL, TW, and TV were 11.8 ± 2.2 cm, 6.2 ± 1.3 cm and 754.1 ± 283.5 cm³, respectively. The older animals had the highest mean values of testicular measurements (P < 0.05) but the lowest mean values of CONCML and CONCT (P < 0.05). All the animals presented similar patterns of ejaculates (P > 0.05); the mean values of VOL, VOLGEL, MOT, VIG, and CONCT were 149.1 ± 51.1 mL, 29.7 ± 10.0 g, 76.2% ± 9.5%, 3.3 ± 0.5, and 29.4 ± 19.5 × 10⁹ total sperm in the ejaculate, respectively. The prevalence rates of defects were 5.9% ± 2.6% for MAJDEF, 10.2% ± 4.0% for MINDEF, and 16.2% ± 5.5% for TDEF; all animals were classified as being sound for breeding. The assessed characteristics were similar to those observed in swine of commercial lineages and within the standards established by the Brazilian College of Animal Reproduction for the species.  相似文献   

Papillary architecture in the tayra tongue     

Thamara Cozzi Gonçalves  Érika Branco  Rogério Antônio Ribeiro Rodrigues  Simone Marques da Silva  Elane Guerreiro Giese  Leila Menezes da Silva  Rosyvaldo Miranda dos Santos  Ana Rita de Lima 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(3):351-358

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Estimation of (co)variance components for birth weight in Nellore cattle using alternative data editing criteria     

Luiz Eduardo Cruz dos Santos Correia  Ricardo António da Silva Faria  Matheus Henrique Vargas de Oliveira  Rusbel Raúl Aspilcueta Borquis  Rogério Abdallah Curi  Josineudson Augusto II de Vasconcelos Silva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(10):1355-1361

The aim of this study was to estimate the (co)variance components and breeding values for birthweight (BW) in Nellore cattle by considering or not identical weights that exhibit a high frequency within the contemporary group (CG). A total of 175,258 BW records of Nellore cattle born between 2002 and 2018 were used. The CG was formed by farm, year of birth, sex and feeding regime at birth. CGs with more than 16% of identical BW values were eliminated, generating a data file called BWd. Another file was created without removing these animals (BWt). A mixed linear model was used for statistical analysis, which included fixed and random effects. In both data files analysed, single-trait analysis was performed by Bayesian inference. The mean direct and maternal heritability for BW and the correlation between direct and maternal effects were 0.27, 0.07 and −0.07 for BWt, respectively, and 0.30, 0.093 and −0.07 for BWd. This method should affect the estimation of genetic merits of animals for BW, providing greater safety in the choice of sires.  相似文献   

Bottom-up effects of breeding tomato genotypes on behavioural responses and performance of Tetranychus evansi population     

Savi  Patrice Jacob  de Moraes  Gilberto José  Carvalho  Rogério Falleiros  de Andrade  Daniel Júnior 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(3):1287-1301

The tomato red spider mite, TRSM, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an invasive tomato pest in several countries, with potential to reduce yield by up to 90% in Africa. Solanum habrochaites, access PI 134417 is a wild tomato genotype resistant to several arthropod pests, including TRSM. There is an interest in increasing the resistance of a tomato genotype (Solanum lycopersicum cv. TLCV15) widely cultivated by smallholder western African farmers to TRSM, through interspecific crossings with that wild genotype. For this purpose, after obtaining the F1 progeny and as well as F2 (SPJ-10–2017) and BC1 back-crossed (SPJ-05–2018) genotypes selected for high glandular trichome densities, we characterized their resistance level to TRSM. We quantified the types and densities of trichomes on the abaxial surface of their leaflets, and examined the subsequent bottom-up effects of these progeny plants attributes on behaviour and demographic parameters of the mite. Our results showed that the densities of glandular trichomes inherited from the resistant genotype (PI 134417) by the progenies were highly variable, with types I, IV and VI being the most prevalent. The progeny SPJ-10–2017 was classified as resistant, while the progenies F1 and SPJ-05–2018 were classified as partially resistant. These findings constitute one of the first steps towards advancing breeding programs in African countries to obtain tomato genotypes resistant to TRSM, targeting more sustainable production.

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Incorporation of Buriti Endocarp Flour in Gluten-free Whole Cookies as Potential Source of Dietary Fiber     

Fernanda?Salamoni?BeckerEmail author  Clarissa?Damiani  Adriane?Alexandre?Machado?de?Melo  Paulo?Rogério?Siriano?Borges  Eduardo?Valério?de Barros?Vilas Boas 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(4):344-350

Cookies were prepared by replacing a mixture of brown rice flour (70 %) and corn starch (30 %) (BRFCS) by buriti endocarp flour (BEF) (0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 %). BEF figured as a potential source of dietary fiber (70.53 g 100 g^?1), especially of insoluble fiber (67.50 g 100 g^?1), and gluten-free whole cookies showed increased dietary fiber content by adding 5, 10, 15 and 20 % BEF (8.58 to 20.02 g 100 g^?1) when compared to control cookie (6.91 g 100 g^?1). The addition of BEF affected diameter, spread ratio, color and texture of cookies. All cookies added with BEF were darker, harder and presented smaller diameter and smaller spread ratio than the control cookie. These difference increased proportionally to level of substitution of BRFSC by BEF. Gluten-free whole cookies with up to 15 % BEF were well accepted by consumers. Therefore, the use of BEF in cookies may increase the availability of functional ingredients source of dietary fiber for celiac consumers, add economic value to buriti processing by-products and decrease environmental impacts due to the high amounts of waste generated by buriti processing industries.  相似文献   

Bacterial microbiota of the ocular surface of captive and free‐ranging microbats: Desmodus rotundus,Diameus youngi and Artibeus lituratus     

Lucianne Leigue dos Santos  Fabiano Montiani‐Ferreira  Leandro Lima  Rogério Lange  Ivan R. de barros Filho 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2014,17(3):157-161

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