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21.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of stone fruit trees. PPV-T (Turkey) is important, unique and dominated strain in... 相似文献
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Fikret Inal Senem Yetgin Gulsum T. Aksu Selvi Simsek Aysun Sofuoglu Sait C. Sofuoglu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,198(1-4):155-163
In order to assess as to whether treated textile effluent could be safely used to irrigate some winter vegetables, growth room experiments were conducted. Varying levels of treated and untreated textile effluents were applied to germinating seeds of some winter vegetables and their effect was evaluated on germination and early growth stage using seed germination, growth, and biochemical attributes. From the results, it was obvious that textile effluent reduced seed germination and early growth of all vegetables. However, this effect was more pronounced at the highest concentration of textile effluent. Furthermore, treated textile effluent did not show any inhibitory effect on seed germination of all vegetables. Photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a and b, and protein contents were higher in the leaves of all vegetable plants irrigated with treated textile effluent than those of supplied with untreated textile effluents. It has been observed that heavy metals were lower in concentration in treated textile effluent as compared with untreated textile effluent. However, germination and growth responses of all three vegetables were different to treated or untreated textile effluents. Furthermore, the Raphanus sativus ranked as tolerant followed by Brassica campastris and Brassica napus based on germination and growth responses. In conclusion, in view of shortage of water, textile effluent could safely be used for irrigation to vegetables after proper processing. 相似文献
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The gelatinization properties of starch extracted from corn and waxy corn dried at different temperatures were determined at various water contents and heating rates by differential scanning calorimetry. All gelatinization transition temperatures increased with drying temperature and heating rate. Onset and peak temperatures remained relatively constant, whereas end temperature decreased in the presence of excess water. The gelatinization enthalpy (deltaH(g)) of corn starch decreased with drying temperature at 50% water; however, it remained constant for waxy corn starch. The effects of water content and heating rate on deltaH(g) were dependent on each other. The minimum water levels required for gelatinization of starch extracted from corn dried at 20 and 100 degrees C are 21 and 29%, respectively. The activation energy (E(a)) was calculated using an Arrhenius-type equation and two first-order models; the degree of conversion (alpha) was predicted using a newly proposed model that produced good results for both E(a) and alpha. 相似文献
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Sökmen Münevver Allen David W. Akkaş Fatih Kartal Nuket Acar Filiz 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,132(1-2):153-163
The photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using TiO2 andsilver-loaded TiO2 has beenstudied. The dyes which were chosen (methyl violet, a cationicdye; Cibacron Blue FMR, areactive dye; and Maxilon Red GRL, a mono azo basic dye)represent the major structuralfamilies of organic dyes. Ag-loading dramatically reduceddegradation time. While theundoped TiO2 degraded about 63% of the total amount ofmethyl violet within 4 min,degradation rose to 95% with Ag-loaded TiO2 within the sametime period. The photo-decomposition of dyes was monitored as a function of pH anddissolved organic and inorganic matters. 相似文献
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Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) defined as sequence repeat units between 1 and 6 bp occur abundantly in both coding and non-coding regions in eukaryotic genomes and these repeats can affect gene expression. In this study, ESTs (expressed sequence tags) of Betula pendula (silver birch) were analyzed for in silico mining of EST-SSRs, protein annotation, open reading frames (ORFs), designing primers, and identifying codon repetitions. In B. pendula, the frequency of ESTs containing SSRs was 7.8 % with an average of 1SSR/4. 78 kb of EST sequences. A total of 188 SSRs was identified by using MISA software and di-nucleotide SSR motifs (65.9 %) were found to be the most abundant type of repeat motif followed by tri- (27.1 %), tetra- (4.8 %), and penta- (2.2 %) motifs. Based on ORF analysis, 175 of 178 sequences were predicted as ORFs and the most frequent SSRs were detected in 5′ UTR (58.43 %), followed by in ORF (31.46 %) and in 3′ UTR (8.43 %). 102 of 178 ESTs were annotated as ribosomal protein, transport protein, membrane protein, carrier protein, binding protein, and transferase protein. For a total of 102 SSRs (57.3 %) with significant matches, a set of 102 primers (100 %) with forward and reverse strands was designed by using Primer3 software. Serine (Ser, 19.6 %) was predominant in putative encoded amino acids and most of amino acids showed nonpolar (35.3 %) nature. Our data provide resources for B. pendula and can be useful for in silico comparative analyses of Betulaceae species, including SSR mining. 相似文献
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Ertugrul Filiz Recep Vatansever 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,152(1):95-109
Poplars are economically important fast growing trees. They are exposed to broad range of fungal diseases like powdery mildew (PM). MLOs (mildew resistance locus O), as plant susceptibility genes, act as negative regulators and whose loss-of-functions confer complete resistance to PM disease. Herein, work identified the MLO gene family members in poplar, a woody model species. A total of 26 identified MLOs (annotated as PtMLO1–26) were distributed on 14 poplar chromosomes either individually or in groups of two to four. PtMLO genes encoded a polypeptide of 341–593 residues with a characteristic MLO domain structure. One tandem and eight segmental duplications were revealed in PtMLO genes. PtMLO proteins anchored at plasma membrane and had putative 5–9 TMDs with extracellular/cytosolic N- and C-terminuses. They were rich in leucine (9.1–12.9%), which is reported to play roles in defense response signaling. The C-terminal calmodulin-binding domain (CaMBD), reported to modulate the signaling mechanism in the defense response, was completely preserved in all PtMLOs, except PtMLO6. This domain was partially absent in PtMLO6 which is inferred to be a different MLO type or a pseudogene with a lost/impaired function in PM response. Besides, second and third cytoplasmic loops that are critical for PM-susceptibility were identified in PtMLOs. Particularly, PtMLO17, 18, 19, and 24 genes, inferred from Arabidopsis-poplar comparative phylogeny, were identified as potential candidates that may be involved in poplar-PM resistance. Notably, inductions of 14 PtMLO genes were detected in probes of microarray data such as GSE56865, GSE16417, and GSE23726 under different fungal infections indicating their involvements in plant defense. Overall, this work provided a basis for woody plant genomics for the effective and better management of poplar-PM disease. 相似文献
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H. Filiz Ayyildiz Mustafa Topkafa FatmaNur Arslan Fatih Durmaz Semahat Kucukkolbasi Ismail Tarhan Huseyin Kara 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(7):3817-3830
This work assesses the use of immobilized humic acid (ImHA) onto aminopropyl silica (APS) as a sorbent for the removal and preconcentration of trace amounts of cobalt ions by on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) technique in the column system prepared in our laboratory. Different parameters, such as the effect of the pH, concentration, and flow rate, were studied and throughput was observed by a UV detector. All SPE steps were monitored by breakthrough curves used to visualize distribution of cobalt concentration between mobile and solid phase. The solutions collected from stripping steps were analyzed in atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and the amount of sorbed ions was calculated. Sorption characteristics were evaluated by using common adsorption isotherms and Scatchard plot analysis. From the obtained results, it was seen that sorption mechanism of cobalt ions were fitted to Langmuir model on a large scale and thought to be localized. Mean free energy (E?=?40.82?kJ?mol?1) calculated from D-R isotherm showed that chemical interactions are more effective than physical interactions. This investigation reveals a new, simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective method for removal and preconcentration of cobalt ions from aqueous solutions by a new aminopropyl silica-immobilized humic acid material. 相似文献