The after-hours mutant reveals a role for Fbxl3 in determining mammalian circadian period     

Godinho SI  Maywood ES  Shaw L  Tucci V  Barnard AR  Busino L  Pagano M  Kendall R  Quwailid MM  Romero MR  O'neill J  Chesham JE  Brooker D  Lalanne Z  Hastings MH  Nolan PM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5826):897-900

  相似文献   

Optics of arthropod compound eye     

Shaw SR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,165(3888):88-90

The extent to which light can escape from one ommatidium into its neighbors in the compound eye has been examined by recording from single receptors during stimulation of single facets. In the "apposition" eye of the drone honeybee and locust, optical interaction is extremely small. In the "superposition" eye of the crayfish, more than half the light captured by the average cell gets in through neighboring facets, even when screening pigments are in the fully lightadapted position.  相似文献   

ST. CROIX'S RAINIEST YEAR CAUSES AN EPIDEMIC OF MALARIA     

Shaw EB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1932,76(1981):566-567

  相似文献   

Genetic variation in HTLV-III/LAV over time in patients with AIDS or at risk for AIDS   总被引：89，自引：0，他引：89  

B H Hahn  G M Shaw  M E Taylor  R R Redfield  P D Markham  S Z Salahuddin  F Wong-Staal  R C Gallo  E S Parks  W P Parks 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,232(4757):1548-1553

In a study of genetic variation in the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV, sequential virus isolates from persistently infected individuals were examined by Southern blot genomic analysis, molecular cloning, and nucleotide sequencing. Four to six virus isolates were obtained from each of three individuals over a 1-year or 2-year period. Changes were detected throughout the viral genomes and consisted of isolated and clustered nucleotide point mutations as well as short deletions or insertions. Results from genomic restriction mapping and nucleotide sequence comparisons indicated that viruses isolated sequentially had evolved in parallel from a common progenitor virus. The rate of evolution of HTLV-III/LAV was estimated to be at least 10(-3) nucleotide substitutions per site per year for the env gene and 10(-4) for the gag gene, values a millionfold greater than for most DNA genomes. Despite this relatively rapid rate of sequence divergence, virus isolates from any one patient were all much more related to each other than to viruses from other individuals. In view of the substantial heterogeneity among most independent HTLV-III/LAV isolates, the repeated isolation from a given individual of only highly related viruses raises the possibility that some type of interference mechanism may prevent simultaneous infection by more than one major genotypic form of the virus.  相似文献   

Undergraduate research. Genomics Education Partnership     

Lopatto D  Alvarez C  Barnard D  Chandrasekaran C  Chung HM  Du C  Eckdahl T  Goodman AL  Hauser C  Jones CJ  Kopp OR  Kuleck GA  McNeil G  Morris R  Myka JL  Nagengast A  Overvoorde PJ  Poet JL  Reed K  Regisford G  Revie D  Rosenwald A  Saville K  Shaw M  Skuse GR  Smith C  Smith M  Spratt M  Stamm J  Thompson JS  Wilson BA  Witkowski C  Youngblom J  Leung W  Shaffer CD  Buhler J  Mardis E  Elgin SC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5902):684-685

  相似文献   

Identification of a putative regulator of early T cell activation genes   总被引：98，自引：0，他引：98  

J P Shaw  P J Utz  D B Durand  J J Toole  E A Emmel  G R Crabtree 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4862):202-205

Molecules involved in the antigen receptor-dependent regulation of early T cell activation genes were investigated with the use of functional sequences of the T cell activation-specific enhancer of interleukin-2 (IL-2). One of these sequences forms a protein complex, NFAT-1, specifically with nuclear extracts of activated T cells. This complex appeared 10 to 25 minutes before the activation of the IL-2 gene. Studies with inhibitors of protein synthesis indicated that the time of synthesis of the activator of the IL-2 gene in Jurkat T cells corresponds to the time of appearance of NFAT-1. NFAT-1, or a very similar protein, bound functional sequences of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1; the LTR of this virus is known to be stimulated during early T cell activation. The binding site for this complex activated a linked promoter after transfection into antigen receptor-activated T cells but not other cell types. These characteristics suggest that NFAT-1 transmits signals initiated at the T cell antigen receptor.  相似文献   

Spontaneous formation of macroscopic chiral domains in a fluid smectic phase of achiral molecules     

DR Link  G Natale  R Shao  JE Maclennan  NA Clark  E Korblova  DM Walba 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5345):1924-1927

A smectic liquid-crystal phase made from achiral molecules with bent cores was found to have fluid layers that exhibit two spontaneous symmetry-breaking instabilities: polar molecular orientational ordering about the layer normal and molecular tilt. These instabilities combine to form a chiral layer structure with a handedness that depends on the sign of the tilt. The bulk states are either antiferroelectric-racemic, with the layer polar direction and handedness alternating in sign from layer to layer, or antiferroelectric-chiral, which is of uniform layer handedness. Both states exhibit an electric field-induced transition from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric.  相似文献   

The global circulation of seasonal influenza A (H3N2) viruses     

Russell CA  Jones TC  Barr IG  Cox NJ  Garten RJ  Gregory V  Gust ID  Hampson AW  Hay AJ  Hurt AC  de Jong JC  Kelso A  Klimov AI  Kageyama T  Komadina N  Lapedes AS  Lin YP  Mosterin A  Obuchi M  Odagiri T  Osterhaus AD  Rimmelzwaan GF  Shaw MW  Skepner E  Stohr K  Tashiro M  Fouchier RA  Smith DJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5874):340-346

Antigenic and genetic analysis of the hemagglutinin of approximately 13,000 human influenza A (H3N2) viruses from six continents during 2002-2007 revealed that there was continuous circulation in east and Southeast Asia (E-SE Asia) via a region-wide network of temporally overlapping epidemics and that epidemics in the temperate regions were seeded from this network each year. Seed strains generally first reached Oceania, North America, and Europe, and later South America. This evidence suggests that once A (H3N2) viruses leave E-SE Asia, they are unlikely to contribute to long-term viral evolution. If the trends observed during this period are an accurate representation of overall patterns of spread, then the antigenic characteristics of A (H3N2) viruses outside E-SE Asia may be forecast each year based on surveillance within E-SE Asia, with consequent improvements to vaccine strain selection.  相似文献   

THE CARNEGIE FOUNDATION     

Gager CS  Daumford WI  Shaw HB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1910,31(803):780-781

  相似文献   

A TRIPLE-SPECTRUM DISCHARGE TUBE     

Shaw RW  Sabine GB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1931,74(1911):179-180

  相似文献