Cadmium concentrations in the kidneys of Western Australian pigs     

PW MORCOMBE  P ROSS  HG MASTERS  DS PETTERSON  A ISOPENKO 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(5):113-114

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Persistence of the sheep body louse, Bovicola ovis, after treatment     

PW MORCOMBE  GE YOUNG 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(4):147-150

SUMMARY Lice were found in samples of baled wool from 198 of 464 flocks treated to eliminate an Infestation in the period July 1988 to June 1990. In 287 flocks the Insecticide was applied as a backline treatment and in 177 flocks a shower dip was used. Of these flocks, 41.5% and 44.6%, respectively, were found to be infested at the following shearing. After adjusting for the accuracy of the test, It was estimated that infestation in 2 consecutive 12-month periods occurred in 52.6% of flocks with a real incidence rate of 27.4%. Using these estimates, it was calculated that in 34.7% of infested flocks treatment did not kill all lice. There were no differences in the proportion of consecutive infestations between flocks treated with any of the 3 chemicals applied as backline treatments. Among flocks treated In a shower dip, 68.4% using coumaphos, 37.8% using diazlnon and 41.5% using cyhalothrin had consecutive Infestations (P < 0.05). The detection of lice in 63.2% of flocks that were treated with magnesium fluosilicate was, in part, attributed to the application of this chemical by one operator.  相似文献   

Concurrent gout and suspected hypovitaminosis A in crocodile hatchlings     

E. ARIEL  PW LADDS  GN BUENVIAJE 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(4):247-249

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The prevalence of lice (Bovicola ovis) infested sheep flocks in Western Australia (1987–1993)     

PW MORCOMBE  ND THOMSON  PG BUCKMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(3):71-74

SUMMARY The proportion of wool bale brands with a positive test for sheep lice in baled wool decreased from 29.5% in 1987/88 to 23.2% in 1990/91 before increasing to 38.2% in 1992/93. Changes in the proportion of wool bale brands with a positive test for lice were highly correlated with changes in the Wool Market Price Indicator. The increase in the proportion of positive lice tests since 1990/91 was associated with an increase in failures to eradicate lice from flocks. These failures were partly a consequence of the reduced use of lousicidal treatments, the development of resistance to synthetic pyrethroid chemicals and an increase in the transmission of lice between flocks.  相似文献   

Organic farming in the corn belt     

Lockeretz W  Shearer G  Kohl DH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,211(4482):540-547

A small minority of farmers in the Midwest produces crops on a commercial scale without using modern fertilizers and pesticides. On the basis of a 5-year study, it appears that these farmers have more in common with the majority of farmers in the region than with certain stereotypes of organic farmers. Their farming practices (other than chemical use), the size and labor requirements of their farms, and the production and profitability they achieve differ from those of conventional farmers by considerably less than might be expected on the basis of the fundamental importance of chemicals in modern agricultural production. Compared to conventional methods, organic methods consume less fossil energy and cause less soil erosion, but have mixed effects on soil nutrient status and grain protein content.  相似文献   

Evaluation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic kaolin particle films for peach crop, arthropod and disease management     

Lalancette N  Belding RD  Shearer PW  Frecon JL  Tietjen WH 《Pest management science》2005,61(1):25-39

Hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic kaolin particle film treatments to peach (Prunus persica (L) Batsch) trees were evaluated for crop and pest management capabilities in six studies from 1997 to 2000. Unsprayed control and standard treatments, the latter consisting of a commercial pesticide program, were included for comparison. Treatments in initial studies were applied via handgun, which resulted in a uniform and heavy deposit of kaolin after the first application. In contrast, treatments in subsequent studies used airblast equipment, which provided a uniform but less dense coverage, even after multiple applications. Results showed that both formulations of kaolin provided control of oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta (Busck)), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst)) and Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) that was comparable with or better than the standard pesticide program. Effective management of late season catfacing insects (tarnished plant bugs Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) and stinkbugs Acrosternum hilare (Say), Euschistus servus (Say), and E tristigmus (Say)) and leafrollers (undetermined species) was also observed, although kaolin applications significantly increased phytophagous mite (Panonychus ulmi (Koch)) levels. In contrast to arthropod management, kaolin failed to control either peach scab (Cladosporium carpophilum (Von Thumen)) or rusty spot (Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell and Ev) ES Salmon) in any of the 4 years of the study. However, hydrophobic kaolin provided effective brown rot (Monilinia fructicola (G Winter) Honey) control when applied via handgun, and partial control when applied via airblast; hydrophilic kaolin failed to provide any control. These results suggest that hydrophobicity and deposit density may be important factors for effective disease management. The application of kaolin significantly delayed fruit maturation, increased fruit size and increased soluble solids relative to the standard. This effect, attributed to a reduction in plant stress, also resulted in increased fruit number and yield on young trees, indicating that an accentuated beneficial response from kaolin applications may be possible.  相似文献   

Corns in dogs; signalment,possible aetiology and response to surgical treatment     

M. J. Guilliard  I. Segboer  D. H. Shearer 《The Journal of small animal practice》2010,51(3):162-168

Objectives : To describe the signalment and response to surgical treatment, and to propose aetiopathogenetic mechanisms for the development of paw pad corns in dogs. Methods : A combined retrospective and prospective study was conducted on 30 dogs that presented with paw pad corns. The age, breed and gender of the dogs, together with anatomical positions of the corns were recorded. Surgical treatments involved either excision (n=27) or distal digital ostectomy (n=3). The minimum follow-up period was one year. Results : The age at presentation was from two to 15 years. All the breeds in this study were either greyhounds or sighthounds. Males were over-represented. Ninety percent of the corns were found in the digital pads of digits three and four, and 90% were found in the thoracic limbs. The evidence suggests a mechanical aetiology or foreign body penetration. Long-term response to surgical excision resulted in a recurrence rate of more than 50% (n=27). Distal digital ostectomy gave good results in selective cases (n=3). Clinical Significance : Corns can cause severe chronic lameness in greyhounds and related breeds. Long-term response to surgical treatments is disappointing but it is recommended as an initial treatment as it can be curative.  相似文献   

Prolonged Duration of Fertility of Dog Ova     

T Tsutsui  F Takahashi  T Hori  E Kawakami  PW Concannon 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):230-233

The fertile period for natural mating in dogs extends from before ovulation until day 5 post ovulation (PO) and involves a delay in oocyte maturation until 2–3 days PO and viability of secondary oocytes for 48–60 h or more. Spermatozoa do not enter the uterus after vaginal insemination in late oestrus. Cervical closure appears to occur on average 5 days PO, but conception may occur following intrauterine artificial insemination (IUAI) up to 8 days PO. Therefore, the present study was conducted to clarify the duration of fertility of canine ova. Using IUAI at 6, 7, 8 and 9 days PO (n = 5 bitches each) conception rates were 100%, 71.4%, 37.5% and 0%, respectively, with an average litter resorption rate of 30.8%, and with mean litter sizes and times to delivery PO being 4.3 ± 1.6 and 64.3 ± 0.3 days, 4.0 ± 1.4 and 66.3 ± 0.4 days, and 2.5 and 68 days for IUAI at 6, 7 and 8 days, respectively. The high pregnancy rates with IUAI at 6 and 7 days PO confirm that many canine oocytes are fertile at 4–5 days after maturation. The high rate of resorption was presumably because of aging of ova or asynchrony between embryonic development and the intrauterine environment.  相似文献   

Chronic shoulder osteoarthritis in a loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta)     

Raidal SR  Shearer PL  Prince RI 《Australian veterinary journal》2006,84(7):231-234

This report describes the lesions seen in an extremely weak and emaciated adult male loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) found stranded near Perth, Western Australia. Blood collected from a dorsal cervical sinus immediately prior to euthanasia demonstrated severe anaemia, markedly elevated plasma concentrations of creatinine kinase (2263 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (58 U/L), urea (18.1 mmol/L) and hypoglycaemia (glucose 0.7 mmol/L). Necropsy examination demonstrated a severe chronic osteoarthritis of the right shoulder joint with marked remodelling of the glenoid fossa, coracoid, scapula and humerus. There was marked synovial effusion and periarticular fibrosis. Cytological examination and culture of synovial fluid failed to demonstrate an infectious agent. Other findings were low numbers of trypanorhynch cysts present on the surface of the liver and numerous spirorchid eggs in the attached mesentery. Several large and small spirorchid flukes were present in the heart and there was a localised endarteritis in the left aortic arch associated with this infection. Numerous nematode eggs and at least three species of spirorchid eggs were seen microscopically in faeces collected from the terminal colon. The pathogenesis and significance of these lesions is discussed.  相似文献   

P-41 Psychogenic alopecia by fur-plucking in a family of seal-point Siamese cats: three cases     

K. E. Loft  D. Shearer 《Veterinary dermatology》2004,15(S1):53-53

Melanodermas and leukodermas are conditions involving skin pigment changes. Vitiligo, an acquired leukoderma, is an uncommon canine and feline skin disorder, with a likely autoimmune pathogenesis. It is seen more frequently in young adult purebred animals and has no apparent sex predisposition. In Brazil the first report of vitiligo was in 1986. In a 16-year period, 12 cases of vitiligo, including 11 dogs (six Rottweilers, two Doberman pinschers, one great dane, one boxer, and one mongrel dog) and one cat (Siamese), were diagnosed at our hospital. Diagnosis was based on history, physical examination, Wood´s lamp examination, and histopathologic evaluation (H&E and Masson-Fontana stains). Among the dogs, seven were male with a mean age of 34.5 months. The clinical evolution was known in five patients. Skin lesions included leukotrichia (100%) and leukoderma of the nose (100%), buccal mucosa (66.5%), lips (85.7%), and footpads (8.5%). Leukonychia was rarely seen. The only lesion in the cat was depigmented footpads.
Funding: Self-funded.  相似文献