Use of milk progesterone enzyme immunoassay for differential diagnosis of follicular cyst, luteal cyst, and cystic corpus luteum in cows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T Nakao  A Sugihashi  N Saga  N Tsunoda  K Kawata 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(5):888-890

In 160 cows with ovarian cysts as determined by rectal palpation, differentiation was made of follicular cyst, luteal cyst, and cystic corpus luteum on the basis of milk progesterone concentrations estimated by an enzyme immunoassay before and at 10 days after cows were treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Cows having a progesterone concentration in skim milk less than 1.0 ng/ml were considered to have follicular cysts and those with concentrations of 1.0 ng/ml or higher were regarded as the cases of luteal cyst or cystic corpus luteum. Luteal cyst was characterized by progesterone values remaining high in the cows for 10 days after treatment, and cystic corpus luteum was characterized by a decrease in progesterone concentration after cows were treated. By the rectal palpation procedure it was impossible to differentiate luteal cyst and cystic corpus luteum from follicular cyst. The frequencies of follicular cyst, luteal cyst, and cystic corpus luteum were 65%, 19%, and 16%, respectively. Of 104 cows with follicular cysts as defined by milk progesterone assay result, 73 (70%) responded to the treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone, the milk progesterone concentration increasing from 0.7 +/- 0.2 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) to 1.8 +/- 1.1 ng/ml. The accuracy of rectal palpation 10 days after treatment for judgment of luteinization of follicular cyst confirmed by milk progesterone analysis was only 30% (48 cows of 160).  相似文献   

Peripartum changes in plasma estrone sulfate and estradiol-17beta profiles associated with and without the retention of fetal membranes in holstein-friesian cattle     

Shah KD  Nakao T  Kubota H  Maeda T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):279-288

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in plasma concentrations of estrone sulfate (E(1)S) and estradiol-17beta (E(2)beta) during the peripartum period (from day 10 prepartum to day 1 postpartum) associated with and without retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in Holstein-Friesian cattle (n=42). Plasma samples were analyzed for E(1)S and E(2)beta by ELISA. All parturitions were spontaneous and normal. Of 38 cattle delivering singletons, 29 had no RFM (singleton-normal group) and nine had RFM for more than 12 h (singleton-RFM group). Four cows gave birth to twins, and each twin had its own fetal membrane (FM). Two twinning cows expelled both FMs normally within 12 h (twin-normal group). In the remaining 2 twinning cows (twin-RFM group), the FM was expelled normally for one twin (first), while the FM of the other (second) was retained. There were no significant differences in the E(1)S concentrations or their increments from the concentrations on the preceding day between the normal and RFM groups of singleton cows on any peripartum day. The mean plasma E(2)beta concentrations on each day from day 10 to day 3 prepartum were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the singleton-RFM group compared with the singleton-normal group; however, on days 2 and 1 prepartum, the increments in the E(2)beta concentrations from the concentrations on the preceding days were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the singleton-RFM group than in the singleton-normal group. Thus, the plasma E(1)S concentrations just before parturition may not be associated with RFM. In the cows with RFM, the lower plasma E(2)beta concentrations that were found prior to day 2 prepartum may have been associated with immature placentomes, and the rapid rise in plasma E(2) beta within 1 to 2 days prior to calving may have produced asynchrony of placental and/or fetal maturation in relation to calving, thus resulting in RFM.  相似文献   

Pathological findings of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) in six dairy cattle cases     

Shigeo OWAKI  Saiko KAWABUCHI  Kosuke IKEMITSU  Haruhi SHONO  Hidefumi FURUOKA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):879-881

Six adult dairy cows clinically diagnosed as hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) were the subjects of this study. The involved intestinal lesions were fixed in formalin and examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Pathological examinations revealed large intramural hematomas with necrotic foci, resulting in luminal obstruction. The mucosal layer in the lesions was detached from the intestinal wall, and there were no hemorrhagic changes in the lumen. The intramural hematomas were sometimes covered with histologically intact mucosal layer. These pathological findings were not consistent with those of “intraluminal blood clots” reported previously. Gram-positive and anti-Clostridium antibody-positive short bacilli were found in hemorrhagic necrotic areas. However, the exact relationship between Clostridium spp. observed in the lesions and HBS remains unclear, because this bacterium is a normal inhabitant in cattle.  相似文献   

Use of soil nonexchangeable potassium by paddy rice with clay structural changes under long-term fertilizer management     

Junta Yanai  Nanami Inoue  Atsushi Nakao  Masahiro Kasuya  Kaori Ando  Toshiya Oga  Takayuki Takayama  Hiroyuki Hasukawa  Kunihiko Takehisa  Akira Takamoto  Kazuki Togami  Tomoki Takahashi 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(2):785-793

To prove the hypothesis that paddy rice utilizes soil nonexchangeable potassium (neK) and causes associated structural changes in clay minerals, K status and clay mineralogy of 22 surface soils from three paddy fields under long-term fertilizer management for 51–93 years were investigated. Soil neK content was determined as the difference between 1 mol L⁻¹ hot HNO₃ extractable K and 1 mol L⁻¹ ammonium acetate exchangeable K. Clay mineralogy was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The radiocesium interception potential (RIP), an index of frayed edge sites in the interlayer sites of 2:1 type clay minerals, was also determined. The neK contents under the -K and NPK treatments were considerably lower than those under the unfertilized treatment in all the fields, indicating the exploitation of soil neK by rice. XRD analysis of the clay samples revealed 7% shift from the 1.0 peak to 1.4 nm one under the -K treatment compared with the unfertilized one, and the amounts of neK were negatively correlated with those of RIP (p < .01), suggesting the expansion of interlayer spaces of the 2:1 type phyllosilicates such as mica due to the release of neK. In addition, the neK content positively correlated with K balance of the long-term experiments (p < .05). The differences of neK between unfertilized K and -K treatments corresponded to 22–157 kg K ha⁻¹, or 0.42–1.68 kg K ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. In conclusion, utilization of considerable amount of soil neK under K depleted conditions should be considered to establish sustainable K management for paddy rice.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity among Japanese local populations of an edible and medicinal coastal plant Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq.     

Tamura  Yasuhiro  Kubo  Nakao  Ohsako  Takanori 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):85-97

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - To assess the current genetic status of a useful coastal plant Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq. in Japan, the genetic diversity within and among natural...  相似文献   

Methods for determining the consistency limits and constants of soil     

Shigeo Yoneda 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):206-210

The physical analysis of soil tilth has long been one of the important problems in relationship to the solution of soil productivity. Various methods have been proposed to measure soil tilth and most of them are based upon granulation, porosity, penetration and compressibility of soils. In our laboratory here studies³,⁴⁾ for the physical improvement of soil are being continued to find a suitable method of reclamation for heavy clayey polder soils of extremely bad structure in Kojima Bay. In this paper several methods for measuring the consistency limits, and consistency of dry and wet soil are reported, and the value of these methods as a measure of soil tilth is discussed.  相似文献   

Radiocesium interception potential (RIP) of smectite and kaolin reference minerals containing illite (micaceous mineral) as impurity     

Sho Ogasawara  Atsushi Nakao  Junta Yanai 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):852-857

Cesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) is strongly adsorbed on clay minerals, especially on illite. The adsorption of Cs⁺ on reference clay minerals, however, has not been fully investigated in relation to the presence of illite. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of impurities (i.e., illite and vermiculite), present in reference smectite group minerals and kaolin minerals, on the retention of Cs⁺. The clay mineralogy of the reference minerals was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The radiocesium interception potential (RIP) was measured as an index of the Cs⁺ retention ability of clays. The content of illite in clay was represented by the total potassium (K) content given that illite is a major source of K in the clay fraction. The content of vermiculite in clay was represented by the Cs fixation capacity induced by Cs saturation followed by heating of samples at 110°C. Metabentonite and beidellite gave extremely high RIP values compared with other smectite group minerals, although a peak for illite (at 1.0 nm) was not observed in XRD analysis. The reference smectite and kaolin minerals showed a range of RIP values, even though their RIP values are theoretically zero. The RIP values had a significant positive correlation with the total K content of all the reference clay minerals (r_s = 0.621*). This indicated that the retention ability for ¹³⁷Cs depended more on the content of illite, as impurity, rather than the type of bulk mineral. Hence, the contribution of illite to the magnitude of the RIP was elucidated by the combination of measurement of total K content and XRD analysis.  相似文献   

Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling grain size and shape in the D genome of synthetic hexaploid wheat lines     

Yuki Okamoto  Anh T. Nguyen  Motohiro Yoshioka  Julio C.M. Iehisa  Shigeo Takumi 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):423-429

Synthetic hexaploid wheat is an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from Aegilops tauschii to common wheat. Wide variation in grain size and shape, one of the main targets for wheat breeding, has been observed among Ae. tauschii accessions. To identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for grain size and shape variation in the wheat D genome under a hexaploid genetic background, six parameters related to grain size and shape were measured using SmartGrain digital image software and QTL analysis was conducted using four F₂ mapping populations of wheat synthetic hexaploids. In total, 18 QTLs for the six parameters were found on five of the seven D-genome chromosomes. The identified QTLs significantly contributed to the variation in grain size and shape among the synthetic wheat lines, implying that the D-genome QTLs might be at least partly functional in hexaploid wheat. Thus, synthetic wheat lines with diverse D genomes from Ae. tauschii are useful resources for the identification of agronomically important loci that function in hexaploid wheat.  相似文献   

Differential contribution of two Ppd-1 homoeoalleles to early-flowering phenotype in Nepalese and Japanese varieties of common wheat     

Anh T. Nguyen  Julio C. M. Iehisa  Nobuyuki Mizuno  Miyuki Nitta  Shuhei Nasuda  Shigeo Takumi 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):374-383

Wheat landraces carry abundant genetic variation in heading and flowering times. Here, we studied flowering-related traits of two Nepalese varieties, KU-4770 and KU-180 and a Japanese wheat cultivar, Shiroganekomugi (SGK). These three wheat varieties showed similar flowering time in a common garden experiment. In total, five significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for three examined traits, the heading, flowering and maturation times, were detected using an F₂ population of SGK/KU-4770. The QTLs were found at the Ppd-1 loci on chromosomes 2B and 2D and the 2B QTL was also confirmed in another F₂ population of SGK/KU-180. The Ppd-D1 allele from SGK and the Ppd-B1 alleles from the two Nepalese varieties might be causal for early-flowering phenotype. The SGK Ppd-D1 allele contained a 2-kb deletion in the 5′ upstream region, indicating a photoperiod-insensitive Ppd-D1a allele. Real-time PCR analysis estimating the Ppd-B1 copy number revealed that the two Nepalese varieties included two intact Ppd-B1 copies, putatively resulting in photoperiod insensitivity and an early-flowering phenotype. The two photoperiod-insensitive Ppd-1 homoeoalleles could independently contribute to segregation of early-flowering individuals in the two F₂ populations. Therefore, wheat landraces are genetic resources for discovery of alleles useful for improving wheat heading or flowering times.  相似文献   

Partition of geogenic nickel in paddy soils derived from serpentinites     

Z.-Y. Hseu  T. Watanabe  A. Nakao  S. Funakawa 《Paddy and Water Environment》2016,14(3):417-426

Serpentinitic soils contain high concentrations of geogenic Ni. During serpentinitic mineral weathering, the Ni released from soils into ecosystems could be a source of non-anthropogenic metal contamination. In this study, soil samples were collected from two pedons in paddy fields in Taiwan and Japan; these samples were used to explore the profile distribution of total and labile Ni, demonstrating the contribution of Ni-bearing Fe and Mn oxides to the Ni partition in these soils. Serpentine and chlorite were the dominant primary minerals; thus, the soils reflected serpentinitic characteristics and exhibited high background concentrations of Ni. The total Ni content ranged from 240 to 520 mg kg^?1. Repeated redox and leaching cycles caused the redistribution of Ni in the paddy soils. The diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA)-extractable Ni, an availability index of Ni, increased as the soil depth decreased in the two pedons. An additional pool of labile Ni was present in the soils because the Ni concentration determined using a 0.1 N HCl extraction was much higher than was that determined using the DTPA extraction. Fe and Mn oxides were closely related to the labile Ni in these paddy soils. However, Ni was predominantly retained by amorphous and crystalline Fe oxides rather than Mn oxides. Shortening the flooded duration of paddy field is required to reduce the solubility of Ni because that the labile Ni and redox-sensitive Fe oxides can affect both the paddy soils and environment when Ni is released into the soil solution and becomes bioavailable under reducing conditions.  相似文献