Fatty acid pattern, oxidation product development, and antioxidant loss in muscle tissue of rainbow trout and Dicentrarchus labrax during growth     

Passi S  Ricci R  Cataudella S  Ferrante I  De Simone F  Rastrelli L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(9):2587-2592

The levels of hydrophilic, lipophilic, and enzymatic antioxidants, the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, and the fatty acid patterns of triglyceride and phospholipid fractions were assayed in fresh muscle tissue of rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and sea basses (Dicentrarchus labrax) during aging, to investigate the correlation between oxidative stress and aging processes in fish. The present studies suggests that lipid peroxidation and accumulation of oxidized proteins during in vivo aging are most likely to be linked with an age-dependent decline of lipophilic antioxidants (CoQH(2), CoQ, and vitamin E) and vitamin C contents in muscle tissue, whereas fish aging is not linked to a decline in antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione levels. Lipophilic antioxidant and vitamin C levels represent a reliable marker of oxidative stress during aging, and their determination might be useful for the assessment of fish age.  相似文献   

Extractable iron and organic matter in the suspended insoluble material of fog droplets   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Valeriana Mancinelli  Stefano Decesari  Lorenza Emblico  Rosemarie Tozzi  Filippo Mangani  Sandro Fuzzi  Maria Cristina Facchini 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,174(1-4):303-320

In this work the formation and composition of aggregates between metals and organic material is studied in real fog samples. In a preliminary experiment it has been found that concentrated cloud samples form a yellow-brown precipitate in the presence of Fe(III). Standards of humic acids and fulvic acids co-precipitate with Fe(III), forming similar aggregates i.e. iron-humates (Fe-HA) and iron-fulvates (Fe-FA). By comparing the solubility properties of aggregates by extracting organic carbon (OC) in different pH conditions, it has been observed that fog droplet particulate samples are characterised by solubility properties more similar to those of Fe-HA than Fe-FA. Dilute alkaline solutions can also easily extract organic refractory substances that form aggregates with metals. The recoveries of the total extractable organic matter (accounting for 12% of total insoluble carbon and 15% of particulate mass) are similar to those of humic-like substances (HULIS) from particulate samples. The chromatographic behaviour and functional group characteristics measured in the alkali-extract fraction of precipitated aggregates with iron and in the insoluble particulate of fog samples, are those of humic-like material. Thus, soluble HULIS are able to interact with iron to form particulate, but the composition of a large fraction of insoluble organic carbon is still unknown. These findings have implications on the solubility and surface tension properties of fog droplets and can therefore potentially influence droplet formation, as well as cloud chemical and photochemical processes.  相似文献   

Isotretinoin in the treatment of multiple benign pilomatrixomas in a mixed-breed dog     

Toma S  Noli C 《Veterinary dermatology》2005,16(5):346-350

An 18-month-old cross-breed dog developed multiple skin nodules, which over 8 months had increased in size and number. Biopsy samples were submitted for histopathological examination and revealed multiple benign pilomatrixomas. The dog was treated with 1 mg kg(-1) isotretinoin daily, which led to a stabilization of the size and number of the lesions. Attempts to lower the dosage to an every other day regimen led to an increase in the nodules' size and number. Monthly complete blood count and chemistry tests and Schirmer tear tests were performed to monitor any adverse effects of the retinoid treatment. No adverse effects were noted. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of multiple pilomatrixomas arising in a young dog and successfully controlled with oral retinoids.  相似文献   

Sero-epidemiological survey of Neospora caninum infection in dogs in north-eastern Italy     

Capelli G  Nardelli S  di Regalbono AF  Scala A  Pietrobelli M 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,123(3-4):143-148

Risk factors associated with Neospora caninum seroprevalence in north-eastern Italy in healthy dogs were assessed. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 10.9% of 707 kennel and owned dogs by a commercial competitive ELISA (VMRD Inc.). All dogs were negative for Leishmania infantum by indirect fluorescent antibody test indicating no cross reactivity or association between the two protozoa in this area. Seroprevalence association with breed and age of dogs and other factors are discussed.  相似文献   

The global impact of scaling up HIV/AIDS prevention programs in low- and middle-income countries     

Stover J  Bertozzi S  Gutierrez JP  Walker N  Stanecki KA  Greener R  Gouws E  Hankins C  Garnett GP  Salomon JA  Boerma JT  De Lay P  Ghys PD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5766):1474-1476

A strong, global commitment to expanded prevention programs targeted at sexual transmission and transmission among injecting drug users, started now, could avert 28 million new HIV infections between 2005 and 2015. This figure is more than half of the new infections that might otherwise occur during that period in 125 low- and middle-income countries. Although preventing these new infections would require investing about U.S.$122 billion over this period, it would reduce future needs for treatment and care. Our analysis suggests that it will cost about U.S.$3900 to prevent each new infection, but that this will produce a savings of U.S.$4700 in forgone treatment and care costs. Thus, greater spending on prevention now would not only prevent more than half the new infections that would occur from 2005 to 2015 but would actually produce a net financial saving as future costs for treatment and care are averted.  相似文献   

Comparative spatiotemporal analysis of the intrathecal immune response in natural listeric rhombencephalitis of cattle and small ruminants     

Di Palma S  Brunetti B  Doherr MG  Forster U  Hilbe M  Zurbriggen A  Vandevelde M  Oevermann A 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(5):429-441

This study examined the spatiotemporal immune response in listeric rhombencephalitis of ruminants in situ. Our data support the view that astrocytes facilitate the containment of infectious lesions. Results on the natural disease recapitulate observations in experimental rodent models and suggest that the mounted adaptive lymphocytic response of ruminants is effective in eliminating Listeria monocytogenes (LM). However, our data indicate earlier participation of the adaptive immune response, a stronger B lymphocyte contribution and a more protracted macrophage infiltration in the natural disease than it has been deduced from experimental models. Therefore, such models should be complemented by studies in natural host systems. Various macrophage and microglia subsets are involved in listeric rhombencephalitis and their differential contribution may account for species differences in clinical course and outcome of infection as might species differences in the B-cell response. Future functional ex vivo and in vitro studies are necessary to further investigate the findings obtained in the present study.  相似文献   

Influence of rubber trees on leaf-miner damage to coffee plants in an agroforestry system     

Ciro Abbud Righi  Otávio Camargo Campoe  Marcos Silveira Bernardes  Aureny Maria Pereira Lunz  Sônia Maria Stefano Piedade  Carlos Rodrigues Pereira 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(6):1351-1362

The coffee leaf-miner (CLM) (Leucoptera coffeella Guérin-Mèneville; Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae), the main pest of coffee plants, occurs widely throughout the Neotropics where it has a significant, negative economic and quantitative impact on coffee production. This study was conducted in a rubber tree/coffee plant interface that was influenced by the trees to a varying degrees depending on the location of the coffee plants, i.e. from beneath the rubber trees, extending through a range of distances from the edge of the tree plantation to end in a coffee monocrop field. The most severe damage inflicted on coffee plants by the CLM (number of mined leaves) from April, which marks the start of the water deficit period, until September 2003 was in the zone close to the rubber trees, whereas the damage inflicted on plants in the monocropped field was comparable to that on coffee plants grown directly beneath the rubber trees, which received about 25–40 % of the available irradiance (I_r—available irradiation at a certain position divided by the irradiation received in full sunlight, i.e. in the monocrop). From May until July damage caused by the CLM nearly doubled in each month. In midwinter (July), the damage decreased perceptibly from the tree edge toward the open field. From September onward, with the rising air temperatures CLM damage in the coffee monocrop started to increase. Based on these results, we conclude that coffee plants grown in the full sun incurred the most damage only at the end of winter, with warming air temperatures. Coffee plants grown in shadier locations (25–40 % I_r) were less damaged by the CLM, although a higher proportion of their leaves were mined. The rubber trees probably acted as a shelter during the cold autumn and winter seasons, leading to greater CLM damage over a distance outside the rubber tree plantation that was about equal to the height of the trees. Future studies should attempt to relate leaf hydric potential to pest attack in field conditions. More rigorous measurements of shade conditions could improve our understanding of the relationship of this factor to CLM attack.  相似文献   

Reactive histiocytosis of the orbit and posterior segment in a dog     

Pumphrey SA  Pizzirani S  Pirie CG  Sato AF  Buckley FI 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2013,16(3):229-233

We present a case of reactive histiocytic disease involving the orbit, optic nerve, retina, and choroid in a Border Collie dog initially presenting for vision loss. Long-term partial return of vision has been achieved with systemic immunosuppression. Anterior segment and ocular surface manifestations of reactive histiocytic disease in dogs are relatively common. Posterior segment and orbital involvement, however, are minimally documented in the existing literature. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of disease confined to the orbit and posterior segment as well as the first report of vision loss as a presenting complaint for reactive histiocytic disease. Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, cytologic, and histopathologic findings are reviewed.  相似文献   

In vitro Evaluation of the Torsional Strength Reduction of Neonate Calf Metatarsal Bones with Bicortical Defects Resulting from the Removal of External Fixation Implants     

Stefano Brianza DVM  PhD  Eng.  Susan Vogel DVM  Stephan Rothstock Eng.  Andrè Desrochers DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  Ludovic Boure DVM  MSc  DES  Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(1):75-78

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Extract from the Zooxanthellate Jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata Modulates Gap Junction Intercellular Communication in Human Cell Cultures     

Antonella Leone  Raffaella Marina Lecci  Miriana Durante  Stefano Piraino 《Marine drugs》2013,11(5):1728-1762

On a global scale, jellyfish populations in coastal marine ecosystems exhibit increasing trends of abundance. High-density outbreaks may directly or indirectly affect human economical and recreational activities, as well as public health. As the interest in biology of marine jellyfish grows, a number of jellyfish metabolites with healthy potential, such as anticancer or antioxidant activities, is increasingly reported. In this study, the Mediterranean “fried egg jellyfish” Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778) has been targeted in the search forputative valuable bioactive compounds. A medusa extract was obtained, fractionated, characterized by HPLC, GC-MS and SDS-PAGE and assayed for its biological activity on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa). The composition of the jellyfish extract included photosynthetic pigments, valuable ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, and polypeptides derived either from jellyfish tissues and their algal symbionts. Extract fractions showed antioxidant activity and the ability to affect cell viability and intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions (GJIC) differentially in MCF-7and HEKa cells. A significantly higher cytotoxicity and GJIC enhancement in MCF-7 compared to HEKa cells was recorded. A putative action mechanism for the anticancer bioactivity through the modulation of GJIC has been hypothesized and its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potential was discussed.  相似文献