Divergence among Masson pine parents revealed by geographical origins and SSR markers and their relationships with progeny performance     

Yi Zhang  Qing Yang  Zhichun Zhou  Guoqing Jin 《New Forests》2013,44(3):341-355

Predicting progeny performance from parental divergence would potentially enhance the efficiency of breeding. Thirteen clones of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) were crossed in a 4 × 9 tester mating design and 36 full-sib families were generated. There were significant variations in major growth traits and heterosis of growth traits among the 36 full-sib families. A total of 115 alleles were detected with 30 sets of SSR primers. Genetic distances (GDs) among the crossed clonal pairs were calculated based on SSR data. Parental GDs was significantly correlated with all traits evaluated in the full-sib progeny test (P < 0.05), and the correlation coefficient was 0.398, 0.463 and 0.473 for tree height, DBH and wood volume. Parental geographical divergence was also significantly correlated with growth traits of progeny, while the correlation coefficient was lower than that of GDs. These results demonstrated the potential and feasibility of SSR markers for predicting progeny performance of Masson pine. Considering the influence of genotype × environment interaction effect on the stability of full-sib family performance, our results regarding the moderate contribution of parent GDs in predicting the performance of their full-sib progenies is of importance mainly for the specific region where the progeny test was carried out.  相似文献   

The Application of Controlling Excavation Immersed Tube Technology in Active Pipeline Moving Process     

Liu Yi  Wang Yaozhong  Shen Feijun  Wu Rui  Jin Xin  Li Deming  Cui Di 《保鲜与加工》2013,(Z2):124-128

Taking an example from Zhong-Wu Lang Ping Valley Gas Pipeline Project, we combined the engineering geological of the site area, and learn from experience in similar projects. Then, on this basis, we carried out the design of the immersed work, introduced the applications of the immersed controlled excavation work. The results show that the immersed controlled excavation work achieved the expected results. Practice shows that the controlled excavation construction not only prevent gravity retaining wall concrete construction disturbance and construction personnel devastation, but also improved the depth of pipeline settlement (original design maximum settlement increased to -1.5m from -1.0m.). The program for Zhong-Wu Lang Ping Valley Gas Pipeline engineering success, and can providing guidance for other similar pipeline project.  相似文献   

曼地亚红豆杉硬、嫩枝扦插效果初探     

王初田  金久宏 《中国林副特产》2013,(1):30-31

通过曼地亚红豆杉硬枝扦插和嫩枝扦插试验表明:当年嫩枝扦插的成活率比硬枝扦插的成活率高58.7%,嫩枝扦插的新枝生长量比硬枝扦插多长7.17cm,说明嫩枝扦插无论是成活率还是当年生长量均比硬枝扦插要高(多)。因此在实际工作中,曼地亚红豆杉进行无性繁殖时,应采用嫩枝扦插进行繁殖为好。  相似文献   

小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林叶面积指数的季节动态及空间格局   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘志理  戚玉娇  金光泽 《林业科学》2013,49(8)

应用半球摄影技术对小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林落叶季节(7-11月)的有效叶面积指数进行动态监测.为准确估测谷地云冷杉林的叶面积指数(LAI),对叶凋落末期(11月初)的有效叶面积指数(LAIe)进行木质部分及集聚效应(包括冠层水平集聚和针簇内集聚效应)的合理校正,以校正值作为该时期常绿树种的真实叶面积指数(LAIt),结合凋落物法,反推得到LAIt的季节动态并分析LAIt最大时期(7月)和最小时期(11月)的空间格局特征.结果表明:谷地云冷杉林11月初木质部分所占比例(α)均值为0.10±0.06,冠层水平集聚指数(ΩE)均值为0.90±0.04,常绿针叶树种的针簇内集聚指数(针簇比,γE)为红松(1.77)＞云杉(1.28)＞冷杉(1.10);LAIt随季节变化呈递减趋势,7月达到峰值(3.97),11月值最小(2.71);相对而言,光学仪器法测定的LAIe各调查期的低估范围为28.81％ ～43.24％,平均低估值为32.98％;变异函数分析表明,LAIt大的月份其空间异质性程度也大,7和11月LAIt的空间异质性主要由空间自相关引起,其引起的空间异质性分别占总空间异质性的99.8％,66.9％.  相似文献   

The Effect of Long Term Storage on Bacterial Soft Rot Resistance in Potato     

Yong Suk Chung  Nicholas J. Goeser  Xingkui Cai  Shelley Jansky 《American Journal of Potato Research》2013,90(4):351-356

Bacterial soft rot is a serious disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), causing rapid tuber tissue maceration and, consequently, marketable yield loss. Soft rot bacteria, including Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pbc), are favored by moist conditions, which are prevalent in large potato storage facilities. However, although most potatoes in North America are stored before use, there are no published surveys of soft rot resistance in cultivars exposed to long-term storage conditions. Thus, we tested 65 cultivars and 13 breeding lines for soft rot resistance after 6 months of storage. There was a significant effect of cultivar and production environment on soft rot resistance score. During 6 months of storage, tuber soft rot resistance in resistant clones did not change, while it changed in susceptible clones. The three most resistant cultivars to soft rot were Freedom Russet, Anett, and Alaska Red Eye.  相似文献   

Cellulose nanowhisker-incorporated poly(lactic acid) composites for high thermal stability     

Se Youn Cho  Hyun Ho Park  Young Soo Yun  Hyoung-Joon Jin 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(6):1001-1005

In this study, biodegradable composites were prepared using cellulose nanowhiskers and poly(lactic acid). For processing at high temperature over 200 °C, cellulose nanowhiskers were prepared by ultra-sound treatment, with the high thermal stability of natural cellulose. The nanowhiskers were confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Surface modification of the cellulose nanowhiskers was performed to increase the adhesion between hydrophilic nanofillers and hydrophobic polymer matrix. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the composites showed better reinforcing effect of the modified cellulose nanocrystals. The effects of cellulose nanowhiskers on the biodegradability of poly(lactic acid) were studied using a microbial oxidative degradation analyzer.  相似文献   

Effect of frictional sound of combat uniform fabrics on Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) responses     

Eunjung Jin  Gilsoo Cho 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(3):500-505

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of frictional sound of Korean combat uniform fabrics on the human responses of ANS and to relate them to the mechanical properties of fabrics in order to find out the way to reduce frictional sound of combat uniform fabrics. Three different frictional sounds of combat uniform fabrics were selected by cluster analysis and their sound characteristics were calculated using Sound Quality System. Ten participants’ ANS responses such as heart rate (HR), the ratio of LF/HF, skin conductance level (SCL), and pulse volume (PV) were measured during presenting the frictional sound as stimuli. Mechanical properties were measured by KES-FB system. Response differences (ANS responses after stimuli — those before stimuli) of HR and LF/HF significantly were positive to all of the fabric sounds, while the differences of pulse volume (PV) were negative. This phenomenon explains that sympathetic nerve system of all participants stimulated and they might feel nervous or bad with the frictional sound of fabric. WC, MMD, SMD and weight of fabric were negatively correlated with ANS, but RT, B and RC were positively correlated. They appeared to be influential factors affecting ANS responses.  相似文献   

低温对椰心叶甲啮小蜂保护酶活性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭东峰  吕宝乾  韦曼丽  金启安  温海波  彭正强 《热带作物学报》2013,34(2)

采用分光光度计法测定低温处理后椰心叶甲啮小蜂(Tetrastichus brontispae)成虫体内3种保护酶活性的变化.结果表明,椰心叶甲啮小蜂成蜂受到低温胁迫后体内CAT、POD和SOD分别在10℃和-2℃出现两个高峰,酶活性总体水平高于对照.-2℃时,3个处理时间的CAT、POD和SOD活性最高,其中,CAT、SOD活性差异性显著.由于各种酶的特性不同,它们对低温应激处理时间的反应亦不同,SOD在处理12h时酶活性最高,而CAT与POD在24h时酶活性最高.  相似文献   

Mechanical properties of worsted fabrics for emotional garment to the rapier loom characteristics     

Hyun Ah Kim  Seung Jin Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2163-2168

This study examined the mechanical properties of worsted fabrics woven using various rapier weaving looms. For this purpose, the warp and weft yarn tensions during weaving were measured on the three types of rapier looms, and the fabric mechanical property changes due to the warp and weft tension differences were measured and analyzed according to the fabric position and particular rapier loom using the KES-FB system. The warp tension variation along the loom width direction in P-GTX loom showed the lowest value compared to FAST and THEMA looms. The warp tensions on the central part of the three types of looms were much higher than those on the left and right sides of the looms. The extensibility and bending rigidity of the fabric woven by P-GTX rapier loom showed lower values than those of FAST and THEMA looms, which appears to have originated from the low warp and weft weaving tensions of P-GTX rapier loom. On the other hand, the compressional property and shear modulus showed compromised results due to lateral deformation by compression and constraint deformation of the warp and weft by shear. The friction coefficient of the fabric surface woven by FAST loom showed the lowest value due to the flatter surface by the high warp tension. The mechanical properties of the fabric loaded by a high warp tension on the central part of the loom were also affected by the high weft yarn crimp due to the wider spacing between warp yarns by the higher warp tension during weaving, which makes the surface of the central part of the fabric flatter and smoother than the edge part of the fabric.  相似文献   

环境对动物健康的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

霍梅俊  李进  王靖贵 《动物医学进展》2013,34(7)

动物的生命来源于环境,生长于环境,又回归于环境,可见动物的健康与环境的变化和发展有着不解之缘.事实证明,无论是自然环境,还是社会环境及其地理生态环境都会不同程度地引起动物机体动态平衡的改变,危害动物健康.同时,环境对动物疾病的发生、发展与转归产生一定的影响.论文就自然环境、社会环境及地理生态环境对动物健康的影响进行综述.  相似文献