Hymenoscyphus pusillus,a new species on leaves of Fraxinus pennsylvanica in Poland     

Tadeusz Kowalski  Piotr Bila&#x;ski 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(1)

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Fungi on stems and twigs in initial and advanced stages of dieback of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in Poland     

Tadeusz Kowalski  Wojciech Kraj  Bartłomiej Bednarz 《European Journal of Forest Research》2016,135(3):565-579

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Barley varieties in semi‐controlled and natural conditions—Response to water shortage and changing environment     

Maria Surma  Anetta Kuczy&#x;ska  Krzysztof Miko&#x;ajczak  Piotr Ogrodowicz  Tadeusz Adamski  Hanna &#x;wiek‐Kupczy&#x;ska  Aneta Sawikowska  Alicja Pecio  Damian Wach  Grzegorz Jzefaciuk  Ma&#x;gorzata &#x;ukowska  Jzef Zych  Pawe&#x; Krajewski 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(3):295-308

The yield potential of 60 spring barley varieties was examined under controlled drought and natural conditions in the years 2011–2013. The studied varieties were genotyped with the 1536‐SNP barley oligonucleotide assay. In experiments with controlled drought conditions, the grain yield, 1,000‐grain weight, number of productive tillers and length of the main stem were measured. Physicochemical properties such as the specific surface area, water adsorption energy, fractal dimension and nanopore radius of the plant leaves were determined and correlated with yield‐forming traits. Field trials were conducted over 3 years at 14 locations, where along with the yield‐related traits, monthly rainfall and average temperature were monitored. Five varieties of high yield and five varieties relatively stable under both semi‐controlled and natural conditions were distinguished. The yield‐related traits observed in various locations were related to environmental variables relevant to water availability. The sum of the rainfall in April and May was negatively correlated with the 1,000‐grain weight and positively with the plant height. Positive relationships were found between plant height and temperatures in June and July. Five markers detected earlier as linked to the quantitative trait loci in the mapping populations were identified to have a coherent effect among varieties of various pedigree.  相似文献   

Is Pseudanodonta complanata the most vulnerable of widespread European species of unionids? An intense stress test leading to a massive die‐off     

Adam M. &#x;miel  Katarzyna Zaj&#x;c  Anna M. Lipi&#x;ska  Tadeusz Zaj&#x;c 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(12):2185-2192

Antioxidant activity of betanidin: electrochemical study in aqueous media     

Wybraniec S  Stalica P  Spórna A  Nemzer B  Pietrzkowski Z  Michałowski T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(22):12163-12170

The antioxidative mechanism of action of betalains is of significant interest because these pigments are recently emerging as highly bio-active natural compounds with potential benefits to human health. Betanidin, the basic betacyanin, comprises the 5,6-dihydroxyl moiety, which results in its high antioxidant activity. Oxidation of betanidin by voltammetric techniques and chro matographic identification of the oxidation products with spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection (LC-DAD-MS/MS) were performed. Two main oxidation peaks for betanidin are observable at pH 3-5. These peaks become merged at higher pH, suggesting a different mechanism of oxidation at higher and lower pH values. The low oxidation potential of betanidin confirms its very strong reduction properties. The presence of two prominent oxidized products, 2-decarboxy-2,3-dehydrobetanidin and 2,17-bidecarboxy-2,3-dehydrobetanidin, indicates their generation through two reaction routes with two different quinonoid intermediates: dopachrome derivative and quinone methide. Both lead to the decarboxylative dehydrogenation of betanidin. Subsequent oxidation and rearrangement of the conjugated chromophoric system results in formation of 14,15-dehydrogenated derivatives.  相似文献   

Serological evidence for BVDV-1 infection in goats in Poland - short communication     

Czopowicz M  Kaba J  Schirrmeier H  Bagnicka E  Szaluś-Jordanow O  Nowicki M  Witkowski L  Frymus T 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2011,59(3):399-404

A serological survey was conducted in 2007 in the breeding goat population in Poland to gain insights into the epidemiology of pestivirus infection. All breeding herds were included in the study and representative serum samples were taken in each herd to evaluate herd-level seroprevalence at 10% expected individual-level prevalence and 95% level of confidence. Altogether 1060 serum samples from 49 herds were tested with blocking ELISA and then the positive and inconclusive results were confirmed in a serum neutralisation test, which also allowed us to determine the pestivirus species responsible for seroconversion. Herd-level seroprevalence proved to be 10.2% and bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) was responsible for the seroconversion in seven out of eight cases. In the remaining serum sample the causative virus could not be identified due to a pronounced cross-neutralising activity possibly derived from multiple infections. This is the first report on the diagnosis of BVDV-1 infection in Polish goats.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in goats in Poland     

Czopowicz M  Kaba J  Szaluś-Jordanow O  Nowicki M  Witkowski L  Frymus T 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,178(3-4):339-341

In 2007 a survey on herd-level seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in goats in Poland was carried out. Sera were collected from all 49 breeding goat herds, scattered over the entire country, with the vast majority of them located in the western, central and northern provinces. Only adult females (≥12 months of age) were included in the study. A herd was recorded as infected if at least one seropositive female was detected. In each herd, simple random sampling was applied and sample size was determined in a way, which allowed to evaluate serological status of a herd at expected individual-level seroprevalence 10% and level of confidence 95%. In total, 1060 sera were tested using two commercial indirect ELISA kits. Sera positive to N. caninum were subsequently confirmed with IFAT. The true herd-level seroprevalence was 100% for T. gondii and 9.0% for N. caninum infection. Three herds positive to T. gondii infection were randomly selected and all adult goats were tested with an ELISA. Individual-level true seroprevalence in these herds ranged from 30.2% to 100%. This is the first time that antibodies to N. caninum have been detected in goats in Poland.  相似文献   

Heat flow inside a litter during turkey rearing     

Oryna Słobodzian-Ksenicz  Monika Suchowska-KisielewiczZygmunt Lipnicki  Tadeusz Kuczyński 《Biosystems Engineering》2013,116(1):46-50

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Impact of oxidative stress and supplementation with vitamins E and C on testes morphology in rats     

Jedlinska-Krakowska M  Bomba G  Jakubowski K  Rotkiewicz T  Jana B  Penkowski A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(2):203-209

The aim of the study was to verify whether an increased supply of vitamins E and C prevents the detrimental effects of ozone on the testes. The experiment was performed on 5-month-old rats exposed to ozone (0.5 ppm) for 50 days (5 h daily). Simultaneously, the animals were injected with the vitamins in 5-day intervals and at different doses (0.5, 1.5, 4.5, 5 and 15 mg of vitamin E; 0.5, 3, 9, and 50 mg of vitamin C; or both vitamins together, respectively). Gonad sections were PAS stained. In the ozonized males, depletion of germ cells occurred. In the vitamin E groups, the testes were comparable to the controls, excluding the 0.5-mg-dose vitamin E group in which perivascular fibrosis and intertubular hyalinization were observed. In the vitamin C groups, intertubular hyalinization, partial arrested spermatogenesis, and desquamation of the seminiferous epithelium appeared proportional to the vitamin dose. Additionally, premature spermiation was found at a vitamin C dose of 50-mg. In the rats injected with both vitamins, hyalinization and fibrosis appeared in addition to partial arrest of spermatogenesis and vacuolar degeneration. In conclusion, vitamin E protects against the detrimental effects of ozone in rat testes irrespective of the dose applied. This was not observed for vitamin C. Moreover, administration of higher doses of vitamin C intensified the damage to the testes caused by ozone.  相似文献   

Studies on the inheritance of high ascorbic acid level in tomatoes     

Stanislaw Berger  Tadeusz Chmielewski  Anna Gronowska-Senger 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1966,13(1-4):214-218

Summary Genetical and biochemical studies on the wild, green fruited tomato speciesLycopersicum minutum showed that the level of ascorbic acid found in its fruits is much higher than that inL. esculentum. The characteristic of high asorbic acid level is an inherited one and can be transferred into cultivated tomato varieties. Some lines derived from the interspecific crossL. esculentum xL. minutum show as high ascorbic acid level as 43 mg % while standard tomato strains have 17 mg %. The mode of inheritance of high ascorbic acid level is not yet clearly explained and further investigations are being carried out.

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Zusammenfassung Bei unseren Forschungsarbeiten mit einer Wildtomate mit grünen Früchten,Lycopersicum minutum, wurde festgestellt, daß diese hinsichtlich des Ascorbinsäuregehaltes in den Früchten, die KulturartL. esculentum stark übersteigt. Dieses Merkmal des hohen Ascorbinsäure-Gehaltes ist erblich und kann auf die Kulturarten übertragen werden. Einige Linien, welche aus der Kreuzung zwischen den ArtenL. esculentum undL. minutum stammen, weisen 43 mg % Ascorbinsäure auf, während die normalen Arten nur 17 mg % haben. Die Art und Weise der Erblichkeit des Merkmales des höheren Ascorbinsäuregehaltes ist noch nicht genau bestimmt und erfordert weitere Forschungen.

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Résumé La tomate sauvage aux fruits verts de l'espèceLycopersicon minutum, est nettement supérieure aux tomates cultivées par son taux d'acide ascorbique dans les fruits. Ce caractere, du taux élevé d'acide ascorbique, est héréditaire et peut-être transmis aux espèces cultivées. On trouve dans certaines lignées provenant du croisement entre les espècesL. esculentum xL. minutum 43 mg % d'acide ascorbique, tandisque les espèces standardisées n'en ont que 17 mg %. Le mécanisme par le quel le taux élevé d'acide ascorbique s'hérite, n'a pas encore été pleinement déterminé et des études ultérieures sur ce sujet s'imposent.

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Paper read in Lund, Sweden (EUCARPIA-CIQ Congress, 14th to 17th July 1965) on 17/7/1965.  相似文献