Continual pH lowering and manganese dioxide solubilization in the rhizosphere of the Mn-hyperaccumulator plant Chengiopanax sciadophylloides     

Takafumi MIZUNO  Kenji HIRANO  Atsuko HOSONO  Shinta KATO  Hitoshi OBATA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(6):726-733

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Determination of trace elements in otoliths of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta by laser ablation-ICP-mass spectrometry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Takaomi Arai  Takafumi Hirata 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(5):977-984

Trace element levels in the otoliths of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta were examined by means of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). A close linear relationship in the Sr/Ca ratios between X-ray analysis with an electron microprobe (EPMA) and LA-ICPMS analysis was found, suggesting that the latter technique could be used to distinguish the marine and freshwater life phases. Mg, Zn, Ba and Sr concentrations of the otoliths differed between the freshwater and seawater growth zones. Mg and Zn concentrations in the freshwater growth zone were significantly higher than those in the seawater growth zone, while Sr and Ba concentration s in the former were significantly lower than in the latter. The relationship between Sr concentration and Mg, Zn, and Ba concentrations at each ablation showed significant correlations. These results suggest that trace element compositions may reflect differences between freshwater and seawater environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and characteristics of a xylanase gene (xynA) from Ruminococcus albus 7     

Mutsumi NAKAMURA  Takafumi NAGAMINE  Akio TAKENAKA  Rustem I. AMINOV  Koretsugu OGATA  Kiyoshi TAJIMA  Hiroki MATSUI  Yoshimi BENNO  Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(5):347-352

A 2.6-kb DNA fragment encoding a xylanase gene ( xyn A) was cloned from the rumen hemicellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus albus 7. The deduced primary structure of the protein (XynA) was divided into a signal peptide region and 3 domains. Domain A was identified as a family 11 (G) catalytic domain, but one amino acid residue was replaced by another in an active site signature 1 of family 11. Domain B is a stabilizing domain for the catalytic domains of families 10 and 11. Deletion of domain B reduced stability of the xylanase at high temperature and at high and low pH. Domain B may be useful for protein engineering of xylanase. Domain C has sequence similarity to deacetylases and NodB proteins.  相似文献   

Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs,rabbits and rats     

Mikio Mitsuishi  Takafumi Oshikata  Shino Kumabe  Azusa Kobayashi  Koshiro Katoku  Takeshi Kanno  Masao Hamamura  Minoru Tsuchitani 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(1):1-9

We reevaluated histological slides of dorsal skin in control animals from past percutaneous dose toxicity studies using dogs, rabbits and rats to provide background data concerning histological changes related to preparation and application procedures and vehicles or embrocations of every variety. Acanthosis, dermal or perifollicular inflammatory cell infiltration in dogs; hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration or hemorrhage in rabbits; and acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration, crust or foreign body granuloma in rats were present as procedure-related underlying histological changes in the control animals. Four mechanical acts, (1) rubbing with gauze to remove an administered substance for reapplication, (2) use of a taut bandage to avoid slipping from the application site, (3) peeling a patch off as a preparation procedure for reapplication, and (4) clipping or shaving, were considered to cause injury to the skin. The degree of influence of the various application procedures was found to be as follows: sham, lotion < cream < ointment and tape in dogs; untreated control, sham < lotion < tape and poultice in rabbits; and sham, sodium carboxymethylcellulose < olive oil and lotion < ointment and tape in rats. The degree of ointment influence on rabbits is equivocal.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization of the progeny of a pair of the tetraploid silver crucian carp Carassius auratus langsdorfii     

Jie Dong  Masaru Murakami  Takafumi Fujimoto  Etsuro Yamaha  Katsutoshi Arai 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):935-941

Silver crucian carp Carassius auratus langsdorfii comprises a diploid-polyploid complex in wild Japanese populations. Bisexually reproducing diploids are sympatrically distributed with gynogenetically developing triploids and tetraploids. Triploid and tetraploid males are very rare among Japanese silver crucian carp due to their gynogenetic reproduction. We examined the genetic characteristics of progeny that arose in a tank by natural spawning of a tetraploid silver crucian carp pair. The ploidy status of 120 samples randomly collected from these progeny was determined to be tetraploid by DNA content flow cytometry. DNA fingerprints from a random amplified polymorphic DNA assay indicated that almost all the progeny examined had genotypes identical to the maternal tetraploid female with no paternally derived fragments. Selected specimens’ cytogenetic analyses revealed that the progeny examined had tetraploid chromosome numbers, categorized into 40 metacentric, 80 submetacentric, and 80 subtelocentric or telocentric chromosomes, which were arranged into quartets and six supernumerary microchromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization signals were detected in four homologous chromosomes in all analyzed metaphases prepared from diploid goldfish specimens. Contrary, tetraploid silver crucian carp gave eight rDNA signals. These results suggest that gynogenetic development in eggs spawned by tetraploid females should be triggered by tetraploid males’ homospecific sperm.  相似文献   

Agent-based modeling of complex social–ecological feedback loops to assess multi-dimensional trade-offs in dryland ecosystem services     

Takafumi Miyasaka  Quang Bao Le  Toshiya Okuro  Xueyong Zhao  Kazuhiko Takeuchi 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(4):707-727

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Seasonal variations in radiation and energy balance in a deciduous broad-leaved forest     

Ho-Taek Park  Shigeaki Hattori  Takafumi Tanaka  Gyung-Soo Cha 《Journal of Forest Research》1999,4(4):261-269

This study was conducted to document the effects of canopy change on radiation and energy balances in a deciduous broad-leaved forest. Global solar radiation was highly variable with a maximum close to 28.7 MJ m⁻² day⁻¹ and a minimum of about 0.7 MJ m⁻² day⁻¹. The high daily variation of net radiation was the result of the frequency and duration of rainfall. The mean annual albedo in this study site was 0.126. Seasonal variation of albedo was characterized by steadily decreasing values with leaf-fall, but at the time when new leaves sprouted the trend did turn upwards. The mean annual radiation efficiency at this study site was 0.564, and the seasonal variation of the radiation efficiency was dependent upon the net long-wave radiation rather than albedo. This study also illustrated the seasonal variation of the proportion of the actual evaporation to the equilibrium evaporation as a means for estimating the latent heat flux from forest using the equilibrium evaporation model. Seasonal variation of the proportion of the actual evaporation to the equilibrium evaporation reflected the physiological and productive activities of trees. Latent heat flux dominated the energy balance and, in particular, reached about 96% of net radiation in July.  相似文献   

Cost–profit analysis of Japanese-type set-net through technology transfer in Rayong,Thailand     

Nopporn Manajit  Takafumi Arimoto  Osamu Baba  Seiichi Takeda  Aussanee Munprasit  Kamolrat Phuttharaksa 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(4):447-454

The Japanese type of set-net, Otoshi-ami, was introduced to Thailand in 2003 with the aim of assessing its feasibility as a sustainable coastal fisheries management tool for the empowerment of coastal fishers’ communities. All preparations for constructing and installing the set-net in the coastal waters off Mae Rumpheung beach, Rayong Province, Thailand, were carried out by local fishers, with technical advice and support from national and international institutions. The gear was modified and developed to suit the conditions of the fishing ground and target species. Data on the catch and sales trends in Rayong using the set-net were collected for 7 years for statistical analysis; during this period, the gear design and marketing strategies were improved. Simulation analysis for evaluating the cost–profit bases was conducted to establish a model for set-net technology transfer in Southeast Asia, based on differing numbers of fishers and operation days. The simulation results show the required size of the average daily catch to cover the total cost according to the average unit price, where the economic return point is an average catch of 128 kg, based on a unit price of 25 Baht/kg (0.83 USD/kg), with ten fishermen and a daily operation cost of 3,200 Baht (USD 106.17).  相似文献   

Ultrastructural Study on Colocalization of Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP)-1 with GLP-2 in Chicken Intestinal L-Cells     

Kei NISHIMURA  Kohzy HIRAMATSU  Mohammad M. MONIR  Chihiro TAKEMOTO  Takafumi WATANABE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(10):1335-1339

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Effects of early high nutrition related to metabolic imprinting events on growth,carcass characteristics,and meat quality of grass-fed Wagyu (Japanese Black cattle)     

Sithyphone Khounsaknalath  Kotaro Etoh  Kaori Sakuma  Kunihiko Saito  Akira Saito  Tsuyoshi Abe  Fumio Ebara  Toshie Sugiyama  Eiji Kobayashi  Takafumi Gotoh 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(6)

The study was conducted to clarify how early high plane of nutrition related to metabolic imprinting affected growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of grass-fed Wagyu (Japanese Black cattle). Wagyu steers were allocated randomly into 2 dietary groups: (1) steers fed milk replacer (crude protein 26.0%, crude fat 25.5%; maximum intake 0.6 kg/d) until 3 mo of age and then fed roughage (orchard grass hay) ad libitum from 4 to 10 mo of age (roughage group, RG; n = 11); (2) steers fed milk replacer (maximum intake of 1.8 kg/d) until 3 mo of age and then fed a high-concentrate diet from 4 to 10 mo of age (early high nutrition, EHN; n = 12). After 11 mo of age, all steers were fed roughage ad libitum until 31 mo of age and then slaughtered. Growth performance, carcass traits, longissimus muscle (LM) meat quality and intramuscular fat (IMF) content, plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentration, and bone mineral density were measured. Body weight was greater in EHN steers (571 kg) than RG steers (520 kg; P < 0.01). Plasma IGF-I levels were higher in EHN steers than in RG steers at 3, 10, and 14 mo of age (P < 0.01, P < 0.005, P < 0.001, respectively); however, plasma IGF-I levels were lower in EHN steers compared with RG steers at 30 mo of age (P < 0.01). The total weight of the muscles and bones of the left half of the carcass was not different between the 2 groups (P = 0.065). Five of the 19 muscles investigated (semimembranosus, P = 0.036; infraspinatus, P = 0.024; supraspinatus, P = 0.0019; serratus ventralis cervicis, P = 0.032; serratus ventralis thoracis, P = 0.027) were heavier in EHN steers. Total fat weight in the left half of the carcass was 30% greater (P = 0.025) in HNE carcasses. Subcutaneous and perirenal fat weights were 53% and 84% greater (P = 0.008, P = 0.002, respectively) in EHN carcasses. The LM IMF content was greater in EHN loins (13.2%) compared with RG loins (9.4%) at 31 mo of age (P = 0.038); however, no differences were found for shear force, tenderness, and cook loss. These results suggested early high-nutrition affected the growth and meat quality of livestock.  相似文献