杂草发酵物对枳生长和VA菌根形成的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨晓红  李道高  石井孝昭  门屋一臣 《园艺学报》2001,28(4):336-338

 在具有高密度VAM 真菌生长的枳( Poncirus trif oliata Raf. ) 苗的培养土中分别加入1%的4 种杂草的发酵物, 70 d 后测量结果表明: 枳菌根感染率普遍较高, 但与对照相比,杂草发酵物在显著促进枳苗生长的同时降低了枳菌根感染率, 其中发酵杂草处理对生长的促进作用更大, 降低菌根感染率更低; 高氮也降低菌根感染水平; 过高的菌根感染率导致寄生,抑制宿主的生长。  相似文献   

Establishment and characteristics of cultured lymphoid tumor cell line derived from avian lymphoid leukosis     

H Ishii  Y Oki 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1983,45(4):519-523

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Antibody Testing Against Canine Coronavirus by Immunoperoxidase Plaque Staining     

Soma  T.  Hara  M.  Ishii  H.  Yamamoto  S. 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(4):327-336

The application of the immunoperoxidase (IP) plaque staining procedure (IP test) to the diagnosis of canine coronavirus (CCV) infection was investigated. The IP test did not react with sera from either 15 specific pathogen-free (SPF) dogs or 7 SPF dogs immunized with a multivalent vaccine, including canine parvovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus type 2, and canine parainfluenza virus. To compare the IP test with the neutralizing test (NT), sera from 240 healthy dogs and from 3 experimentally CCV-infected dogs were examined. All 60 sera positive for NT antibody were positive for IP antibody, and all 180 sera negative for NT antibody were negative for IP antibody in the healthy dogs. The IP titres showed similar changes with time after CCV inoculation to those of the NT titres in the experimentally infected dogs. These findings indicate that the IP test specifically detected anti-CCV antibodies. When the IP test and NT were compared in dogs with diarrhoeic signs. 2.1% of 48 sera and 20.3% of 74 sera, which were all negative for NT antibody, were positive for IP antibody in the dogs of under one year of age and at least one year of age, respectively. The difference between the IP and NT titres (log₁₀ [reciprocal of IP titre] – log₁₀ [reciprocal of NT titre]) for the diarrhoeic dogs of under one year of age (2.350±0.931) was significantly larger than that for the healthy dogs (0.982±0.447) (p<0.0001), the NT titre being negative or very low, despite a high IP titre in many diarrhoeic dogs. Hence, the IP test is more able to detect anti-CCV antibodies, especially in dogs showing clinical signs. The IP-positivity rate was significantly higher in the diarrhoeic dogs of under one year of age (48.7%) than in the healthy dogs (25.0%) (² = 19.844, p<0.0001), suggesting that CCV may contribute to diarrhoea in many juvenile dogs.  相似文献   

Early pathophysiologic feature of arthropathy in juvenile dogs induced by ofloxacin, a quinolone antimicrobial agent     

Yabe K  Satoh H  Ishii Y  Jindo T  Sugawara T  Furuhama K  Goryo M  Okada K 《Veterinary pathology》2004,41(6):673-681

Arthropathy in dogs induced by ofloxacin, a quinolone antimicrobial agent, was pathophysiologically investigated. In the in vivo studies, ofloxacin was administered orally once or twice at 20 mg/kg/day to male juvenile (3-month-old, n=3) or adult (36-month-old, n=2) dogs, and the humeral and femoral heads were examined pathologically. Unlike adult dogs, fluid-filled vesicles were macroscopically observed on the articular surfaces of one juvenile dog 24 hours after a single treatment with ofloxacin. These lesions were seen in all juvenile dogs by twice dosing. Microscopically, fissures or cavity formations in the middle zone of the articular cartilage were noted only in juvenile dogs. Furthermore, the cartilage matrix from the abnormal area to the articular surface showed a decreased safranin-O staining intensity, suggesting proteoglycan depletion. Ultrastructurally, chondrocytes in the middle zone of juvenile dogs displayed dilatation of the cisternae in the rough endoplasmic reticulum as an initial hallmark. In the in vitro studies, chondrocytes isolated from the articular cartilage of naive juvenile dogs were exposed to ofloxacin at 6.3-100 microg/ml for 24 hours. Although no changes were noted in the deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, protein synthesis, or proteoglycan release at concentrations of up to 100 microg/ml, the proteoglycan synthesis was evidently decreased in a dose-dependent manner from 12.5 microg/ml. The results obtained suggest that the inhibitory action of ofloxacin on proteoglycan syntheses in the chondrocytes may largely contribute to the early morphologic features in the articular cartilage of the juvenile dog.  相似文献   

Detection of a bovine group C rotavirus from adult cows with diarrhea and reduced milk production   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mawatari T  Taneichi A  Kawagoe T  Hosokawa M  Togashi K  Tsunemitsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(7):887-890

Only two strains (Shintoku and porcine-like WD534tc) of group C rotavirus (GCR) from cattle have been reported to date. A GCR designated the Yamagata strain was the only pathogen detected in an outbreak of adult cow diarrhea accompanied by a decrease in milk production. The nucleotide sequences of the VP6 and VP7 genes from strain Yamagata were determined. Comparative sequence analysis showed that the sequence identities between strains Yamagata and Shintoku were markedly high in both VP6 gene (98.1%) and VP7 gene (93.5%), and that these strains belonged to the same clusters which were distinguished from GCRs from different host species in phylogenetic trees of these genes. These results suggested strongly that cattle species is one of the natural hosts of GCR infection, and that GCRs are a cause of adult cow diarrhea.  相似文献   

Oxygen tension and medium supplements for in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes cultured individually in a chemically defined medium   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Oyamada T  Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(1):107-117

The effects of adding cysteamine, EGF, and glucose as an energy substrate under low oxygen tension during in vitro maturation (IVM) were examined to find ways of improving the individual in vitro production (IVP) system in individually cultured bovine oocytes. The basic medium was mSOFaa containing 1 mg/ml polyvinyl alcohol. Immature oocytes were individually cultured in an IVM medium with 10 ng/ml EGF, 100 microM cysteamine, or EGF plus cysteamine under 20% or 5% O(2). Cleavage and blastocyst rates were significantly higher (P<0.05) in IVM culture was under 20% O(2) than in culture under 5% O(2). Under 5% O(2), neither EGF nor cysteamine improved embryonic development. The proportion of matured oocytes was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the presence of 1.5 mM glucose under 20% O(2) (68.6%), and 5.5 mM (66.7%) and 10 mM (65.5%) glucose under 5% O(2). The presence of 5.5 mM glucose significantly (P<0.05) increased the maturation rate compared with the absence of glucose, irrespective of addition of EGF and cysteamine. The addition of cysteamine alone in the maturation medium significantly (P<0.05) increased the intracellular GSH concentration in the oocytes. Also, under 5% O(2) cysteamine and/or EGF significantly (P<0.05) improved the proportions of penetrated oocytes, cleavage and blastocyst formation, which were similar levels to those of oocytes matured under 20% O(2). After vitrification, the re-expanding and hatching rates of blastocysts derived from the individual IVP system containing cysteamine under 5% O(2) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of blastocysts derived from the individual IVP system without cysteamine under 5% O(2) and the group IVP system under 20% O(2). The present study showed that a high glucose level (5.5 or 10 mM) was optimal in IVM culture under low (5%) oxygen tension. The addition of EGF and/or cysteamine to the maturation medium had no positive effect on nuclear maturation, but improved fertilizability, developmental competence and cryoresistance following vitrification, probably due to increased GSH synthesis during the IVM process.  相似文献   

Anesthesia and acoustic stress-induced intra-uterine growth retardation in mice   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Haque SF  Izumi S  Aikawa H  Suzuki T  Matsubayashi H  Murano T  Kika G  Ikeda M  Goya K  Makino T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(2):185-190

Stress interferes with reproduction, adversely influencing implantation and fetal growth, and sometimes even leading to abortion. Here, we attempted to evaluate the early gestational effects of uncomfortable sound on pregnant mice and their offspring. Ten-week-old pregnant Jcl:ICR mice were exposed to sound (100 dB, random frequency between 9-34 kHz) for 8 hours on the 3(rd), 5(th) and 7(th) gestational days (GD). The effects of general anesthesia were also investigated, with or without acoustic stress. All groups were examined on the 18(th) GD for fetal growth. Fetal weight, number of ossified sacrococcygeal vertebrae and placental weight were all significantly reduced (P<0.0001) when stress was induced on the 7(th) GD, but not on the 3(rd) or 5(th) GD. This intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) was significantly inhibited by general anesthesia (P<0.0001), although general anesthesia alone induced significant IUGR (P<0.0001) when compared with control mice. This suggests that acoustic exposure indirectly exerts an effect on fetal growth, possibly via a psycho-maternal pathway. We also found that analysis of the number of ossified sacrococcygeal vertebrae is the most sensitive tool for the study of IUGR.  相似文献   

Infection Behavior of Venturia nashicola, the Cause of Scab on Asian Pears   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Park P  Ishii H  Adachi Y  Kanematsu S  Ieki H  Umemoto S 《Phytopathology》2000,90(11):1209-1216

ABSTRACT The infection of Japanese pear by Venturia nashicola, the cause of scab on Asian pears (Japanese pear, Pyrus pylifolia var. culta; Chinese pear, P. ussuriensis), was examined using light and electron microscopy to determine the mechanism of resistance in pears. Early stages of infection were similar on the susceptible cv. Kosui, the resistant cv. Kinchaku, and the nonhost European pear (P. communis) cv. Flemish Beauty. V. nashicola penetrated only the cuticle layer on pear leaves and formed subcuticular hyphae on all three cultivars. Hyphae were localized in the pectin layer of pear leaves and never penetrated into the cytoplasm of epidermal cells. This restriction of fungal growth suggested that pectinases released by infection hyphae or subcuticular hyphae may be important in infection. Subcuticular hyphae were modified ultrastructurally in the pectin layer of resistant pear cultivars accompanied by fungal cell death. In contrast, fungal cells appeared intact in susceptible pear cultivars, suggesting the existence of resistance mechanisms.  相似文献   

An in vitro screening assay to discover novel inhibitors of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase     

Yun MS  Chen W  Deng F  Kiyokawa T  Mametsuka K  Yogo Y 《Pest management science》2006,62(11):1065-1071

4-Coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) exists only in plants and plays an important role in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Identification of inhibitors targeting 4CL provides a novel approach for developing effective plant growth inhibitors (PGIs). The full-length gene of tobacco 4CL (Nt4CL1) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Cast & Chalm. The recombinant 4CL protein was extracted and purified by several purification steps including gel-filtration and anion-exchange chromatography. 4CL activity assay was miniaturized and optimized using a 96-well microplate and a reader. Among 28 existing herbicides, propanil and swep strongly inhibited in vitro 4CL enzyme activity, and they were selected for further studies. The process of this assay can be developed into a high-throughput screening system of PGI targeting 4CL in the phenylpropanoid pathway.  相似文献   

Transgenic Pigs with Pancreas-specific Expression of Green Fluorescent Protein     

Hitomi MATSUNARI  Toshihiro KOBAYASHI  Masahito WATANABE  Kazuhiro UMEYAMA  Kazuaki NAKANO  Takahiro KANAI  Taisuke MATSUDA  Masaki NAGAYA  Manami HARA  Hiromitsu NAKAUCHI  Hiroshi NAGASHIMA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):230-237

The development and regeneration of the pancreas is of considerable interest because of the role of these processes in pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes. Here, we sought to develop a large animal model in which the pancreatic cell lineage could be tracked. The pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1) gene promoter was conjugated to Venus, a green fluorescent protein, and introduced into 370 in vitro-matured porcine oocytes by intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene transfer. These oocytes were transferred into four recipient gilts, all of which became pregnant. Three gilts were sacrificed at 47–65 days of gestation, and the fourth was allowed to farrow. Seven of 16 fetuses obtained were transgenic (Tg) and exhibited pancreas-specific green fluorescence. The fourth recipient gilt produced a litter of six piglets, two of which were Tg. The founder Tg offspring matured normally and produced healthy first-generation (G1) progeny. A postweaning autopsy of four 27-day-old G1 Tg piglets confirmed the pancreas-specific Venus expression. Immunostaining of the pancreatic tissue indicated the transgene was expressed in β-cells. Pancreatic islets from Tg pigs were transplanted under the renal capsules of NOD/SCID mice and expressed fluorescence up to one month after transplantation. Tg G1 pigs developed normally and had blood glucose levels within the normal range. Insulin levels before and after sexual maturity were within normal ranges, as were other blood biochemistry parameters, indicating that pancreatic function was normal. We conclude that Pdx1-Venus Tg pigs represent a large animal model suitable for research on pancreatic development/regeneration and diabetes.  相似文献