EVALUATION OF IOHEXOL AS A GASTROINTESTINAL CONTRAST MEDIUM IN NORMAL CATS     

Jamie  Williams  MS  DVM  David S.  Biller  DVM  Takayoshi  Miyabayashi  BVS  MS  Renee  Leveille  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(5):310-314

The non-ionic, iodinated contrast medium, iohexol (240 mg I/ml) was evaluated as a gastrointestinal (GI) contrast medium in cats. Iohexol, both undiluted and diluted with tap water, was administered via a percutaneous endoscopically-placed gastrotomy (PEG) tube to 4 mature clinically normal cats. The dilution of contrast medium administered was 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3, and doses were 10 ml/kg and 5 ml/kg body weight. All combinations of dilution and dose of iohexol provided adequate visualization of the contrast medium column within the GI tract, and results were not significantly different than those observed using 30% w/v barium sulfate. Dehydration and diarrhea were not observed after contrast medium administration, but vomiting occurred within 15–30 minutes after administration of undiluted iohexol in all experimental cats. Renal opacification did not occur on exposures made through a 2 hour period, and dilution in transit was not apparent.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF CHRONIC HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC GASTROPATHY IN THE DOG     

David S.  Biller  DVM  Beth P.  Partington  DVM  MS  Takayoshi  Miyabayashi  BVS  MS  Renee  Leveille  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1994,35(1):30-33

Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy was diagnosed using ultrasound in six dogs that were presented for chronic vomiting. An evenly thick hypoechoic layer surrounding the pyloric lumen was visualized ultrasonographically in dogs with grades 1 or 2 chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy. This was histologically found to correspond with a thickened muscular layer. Gastric wall thickness was greater than or equal to 9 mm in all six dogs. In dogs with grade 1 or 2 chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy, the hypoechoic muscular layer was greater than or equal to 4 mm.  相似文献   

Characterization of protective viral glycoproteins for pseudorabies virus infection.     

A Matsuda  N Okada  S Katayama  T Okabe  N Sasaki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(4):737-741

  相似文献   

Sex and age differences in meat composition of Yeso sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) reared for a short period after capture in the wild          下载免费PDF全文

Maki Hayashida  Kousaku Souma  Kazuki Sugo  Shin‐ichi Araki  Fumiaki Ishizaka  Masami Ueda  Takamasa Kasai  Takayoshi Masuko 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(2):207-213

Yeso sika deer captured in winter around Lake Akan in Hokkaido were reared for 8–10 months at Tokyo University of Agriculture in Abashiri. Six 1‐year‐old females and males and six 2‐year‐old or older (adult) females and males were slaughtered and their carcasses were processed. The chemical composition, mineral contents and fatty acid composition of the loin were measured. No marked influence of gender or age was noted in the chemical composition of loin. In the mineral contents, significant differences were noted. The potassium and sulfur contents were lower and the sodium content was higher in adult deer meat (P < 0.05, respectively) and the potassium content was higher in male deer meat (P < 0.05). Arsenic, cadmium or lead were not detected. In the unsaturated fatty acid, a significant interaction was detected (P < 0.05), and it was high in 1‐year‐old female deer meat and low in 1‐year‐old male deer meat. Significant gender or age differences were noted only in the mineral contents in the loin of deer reared for a short period after capture.  相似文献   

pH of solution greatly affects sorption of ionizable compounds into low-density polyethylene film     

Ishikawa H  Matsui T  Ohtsu T  Watanabe K  Matsumoto K  Matsumoto K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(9):3488-3492

Sorption of ionizable compounds of pyridines and aromatic carboxylic acids into low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film was investigated as a function of pH ranging from 4 to 7. The sorptions for pyridines were increased with increasing pH. Within the range examined, pH 7 was observed to promote the highest degree of sorption. When the pH increased by one unit from 6 to 7, the sorptions for 2-propylpyridine and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine were both increased approximately 3.8 and 10.5 times, respectively. At pH 4, the sorption for the pyridines entirely disappeared. In contrast, the sorptions for aromatic carboxylic acids increased with decreasing pH. Within the range examined, pH 4 was observed to promote the highest degree of sorption. The magnitude of sorption for pyridines and carboxylic acids apparently depended on the affinity (delta(c)) of these compounds for LDPE film. Another factor affecting the sorption at various pHs was the pK(a) of these compounds; the sorption greatly decreased with the ionization degree of these compounds. To elucidate the phenomena, the following thermodynamic sorption equation was applied: S = S(0)gamma exp[V(v){(delta(w) - delta(v))(2) - delta(c)(2))/RT}. The plots of ln S for pyridines vs the term of the equation gave an insufficient relationship (r = 0.519). In contrast, taking into account the ratio (chi(i)()) of concentration of un-ionized compound to total concentration, the improvement for the equation was made: S' = S/chi(i)() = S(0)gamma exp[V(v){(delta(w) - delta(v))(2) - delta(c)(2))/RT}. The plots of ln S' vs the term of the equation gave a better relationship (r = 0.884). Furthermore, the equation was also applicable for the sorption behavior of carboxylic acids into LDPE (r = 0.769).  相似文献   

Properties and metabolic diversity of microbial communities in soils treated with steam sterilization compared with methyl bromide and chloropicrin fumigations     

Sota Tanaka  Takayoshi Kobayashi  Kōzō Iwasaki  Shinzō Yamane  Kazuhiro Maeda  Katsutoshi Sakurai 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):603-610

The effects of steam sterilization (SS) on soil microbial properties including metabolic diversity of the microbial communities were examined in a greenhouse compared with those of two fumigants, methyl bromide (MB) and chloropicrin (CP). The numbers of fungi decreased in all the treatments. Nitrifiers, both ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, were severely affected by the SS and CP treatments, resulting in their virtual disappearance. The decrease in the levels of microbial biomass C and N after the treatments suggested that the SS and CP treatments eradicated the microorganisms more effectively than the MB treatment and that the influence of the former persisted until the end of the experiment, 4 months after the treatments. Accumulation of NH₄-N was observed after the SS and CP treatments mainly due to the partial decomposition of the dead microorganisms and the marked decrease in the number of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. The richness and average well color development (AWCD) values in the microbial communities after the SS treatment were evaluated by the carbon substrate utilization method using Biolog ECO MicroPlates. The values decreased markedly immediately after the treatment but showed a rapid recovery, while those after the CP treatment continued to decrease until the transplanting of tomato seedlings. The effect of the MB treatment on the soil microbial communities was less pronounced. The growth of the tomato plants was promoted by the SS and CP treatments due to the increase in the N supply at the initial stage of tomato growth.  相似文献   

Development of PCR-based DNA marker for detection of white carrot contamination caused by Y2 locus     

Taeko Shibaya  Chika Kuroda  Shinobu Nakayama  Chiharu Minami  Akiko Obara  Takayoshi Fujii  Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):201

In carrot (Daucus carota L.), the taproot colors orange, yellow and white are determined mostly by the Y, Y2, and Or loci. One of the most severe issues in carrot seed production is contamination by wild white carrot. To evaluate the contamination ratio, easily detectable DNA markers for white carrot are desired. To develop PCR-based DNA markers for the Y2 locus, we have re-sequenced two orange-colored carrot cultivars at our company (Fujii Seed, Japan), as well as six white- and one light-orange-colored carrots that contaminated our seed products. Within the candidate region previously reported for the Y2 locus, only one DNA marker, Y2_7, clearly distinguished white carrots from orange ones in the re-sequenced samples. The Y2_7 marker was further examined in 12 of the most popular hybrid orange cultivars in Japan, as well as ‘Nantes’ and ‘Chantenay Red Cored 2’. The Y2_7 marker showed that all of the orange cultivars examined had the orange allele except for ‘Beta-441’. False white was detected in the orange-colored ‘Beta-441’. The Y2_7 marker detected white root carrot contamination in an old open-pollinated Japanese cultivar, ‘Nakamura Senkou Futo’. This marker would be a useful tool in a carrot seed quality control for some cultivars.  相似文献   

Root Production of Fagus crenata Blume Saplings Grown in Two Soils and Exposed to Elevated CO2 Concentration: an 11-Year Free-Air-CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Experiment in Northern Japan     

Evgenios Agathokleous  Makoto Watanabe  Norikazu Eguchi  Tatsuro Nakaji  Fuyuki Satoh  Takayoshi Koike 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(6):187

  相似文献   

An efficient molecular technique for sexing tiger pufferfish (fugu) and the occurrence of sex reversal in a hatchery population     

Takayoshi?Matsunaga  Risa?Ieda  Sho?Hosoya  Miwa?Kuroyanagi  Shigenori?Suzuki  Hiroaki?Suetake  Satoshi?Tasumi  Yuzuru?Suzuki  Toshiaki?Miyadai  Kiyoshi?KikuchiEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(5):933-942

The tiger pufferfish (fugu) is one of the most important food fishes in East Asia. Since its testes are regarded as a delicacy, sex determination is economically relevant. Previous studies have identified a missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Amhr2 (anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II) gene as a strong candidate for a master sex-determining polymorphism. To distinguish genotypic sex efficiently, we developed a high-resolution melting (HRM) assay for this SNP site. By screening 396 fish from two independent crosses reared under controlled conditions, we observed perfect concordance between the SNP genotype and phenotypic sex. Thus, this method holds great potential for use in high-throughput sexing. When analyzing 293 progeny from a third cross reared under unknown conditions, we unexpectedly found that 25 % of phenotypic males exhibited female genotype. These results suggest that environmental factors such as rearing conditions could influence the sex-determination pathway in pufferfish. Alternatively, genetic modifiers might override the signals from Amhr2. This finding raises a concern regarding enhanced stock management of this species, because sex-reversed fish could compromise the sex ratio in subsequent generations. The HRM assay will also be useful for monitoring the degree of sex reversal before release.  相似文献   

Allelopathy assessments for the environmental biosafety of the salt-tolerant transgenic Eucalyptus camaldulensis, genotypes codA12-5B, codA 12-5C, and codA 20C     

Akira Kikuchi  Xiang Yu  Takayoshi Shimazaki  Akiyoshi Kawaoka  Hiroyasu Ebinuma  Kazuo N. Watanabe 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(2):149-153

Allelopathy tests were conducted on salt-tolerant transgenic eucalyptus trees conferring bacterial codA gene in the designated net-house conditions under Type II use (contained use) of the Japanese law on environmental biosafety aiming for Type I (field use) application. Three transgenic and corresponding nontransgenic genotypes were employed for four different tests: (1) sandwich bioassay; (2) soil germination method; (3) gas chromatography (GC) for volatile substances from the plants; and (4) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on phenolic compounds from fresh leaves, which are the primary allelopathic substances on the species. The simple approaches, the bioassays, indicated no significant difference between the transgenic and nongenetically modified genotypes. There was no qualitative difference between the transgenic and nontransgenic lines by GC or HPLC. Absence of any quantitative difference was suggested by repetitive examination and subsequent analysis of variance assessments with the chromatographic methods and bioassays. Moreover, it was also indicated that bioassays should be the primary assessment method for allelopathy in considering the simplicity, speed, low cost, and reproducibility of these methods. Overall, substantial equivalence was considered on the three transgenic genotypes with codA gene when compared with the nontransgenic Eucalyptus camaldulensis lines. The experiments supported the application to isolated field testing of the transgenic Eucalyptus camaldulensis genotypes as the first case and experience in Japanese regulatory approval processes Type I Use for the deliberate release to the environment.  相似文献