Marine Peptides: Structure,Bioactivities, and a New Hope for Therapeutic Application     

Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

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An assessment of the clonality of the components of canine mixed mammary tumours by mitochondrial DNA analysis     

Bertagnolli AC  Soares P  van Asch B  Amorim A  Cirnes L  Máximo V  Cassali GD 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):269-274

The aim of this study was to investigate if mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop fragment control region of canine mammary mixed tumours could be used as clonal markers that identified the cell population of origin. Ten benign mixed mammary tumours and nine carcinomas arising from benign mixed tumours were microdissected and DNA from epithelial and mesenchymal tumour cells and from normal mammary tissue was examined for sequence variations in a fragment of the hypervariable control region.Identical sequence variants in both the epithelial and mesenchymal components (as well as in the corresponding normal tissue) were found in 80% of the benign mixed tumours and in 89% of the carcinomas arising from benign mixed tumours suggesting a shared clonal origin. The distinctive sequence alterations identified in the epithelial and mesenchymal components of 15.8% of all 19 tumours examined, suggests the possibility that a minority of mammary tumours are polyclonal in origin or that early clonal divergence occurs. Increased mutation within the mtDNA D-loop fragment of mixed tumour components was not observed.  相似文献   

Macrophages and giant cell proliferation associated with bone protein synthesis and calcification in the trachea and bronchi of rabbits intoxicated with Solanum glaucophyllum     

Barros SS  Soares MP  Gimeno EJ 《Veterinary pathology》2006,43(4):494-499

A histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of the trachea and the bronchi of 6 rabbits experimentally intoxicated with the calcinogenic plant Solanum glaucophyllum was performed. Histologically, infiltration of the mucosa and the submucosa of the trachea and the bronchi by macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, a few lymphocytes and mast cells, and calcium deposits in the basal lamina of the epithelium and in elastic fibers were observed. Expression of osteocalcin, osteonectin, and osteopontin was detected in the mucosa, lamina propria, and epithelium. Electron microscopic study of the corresponding areas showed numerous macrophages in the process of fusion to form multinucleated giant cells, activated mesenchymal cells, and calcium precipitation in the basal lamina of epithelium and in elastic fibers. It is suggested that the high levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in the plant induces macrophage proliferation, multinucleated giant-cell formation, mesenchymal cell activation, bone-protein synthesis, and calcification. In addition, the synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3 by local macrophages may have contributed to the calcification.  相似文献   

A survey of mutations in the Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) esterase E3 gene associated with organophosphate resistance and the molecular identification of mutant alleles     

de Carvalho RA  Torres TT  de Azeredo-Espin AM 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,140(3-4):344-351

Cochliomyia hominivorax (Calliphoridae) is one of the most important myiasis-causing flies and is responsible for severe economic losses to the livestock industry throughout the Neotropical region. In Brazil, C. hominivorax has been controlled mainly with organophosphate (OP) insecticides, although the inappropriate use of these chemicals can result in the selection of resistant flies. Changes in carboxylesterase activity have been associated with OP insecticides in some arthopodan species. In this work, we isolated and characterized part of the E3 gene in C. hominivorax (ChE7), which contained the same substitutions responsible for the acquisition of OP hydrolase activity in Lucilia cuprina (Calliphoridae). Digestion of the polymerase chain reaction products with a restriction enzyme that specifically recognized the mutation site unambiguously differentiated wild and mutated esterase alleles. The PCR-RFLP assay therefore provided a fast, reliable DNA-based method for identifying C. hominivorax individuals with a mutation in the esterase gene. Further bioassays to determine the association of this mutation with OP resistance in C. hominivorax should allow the development of more effective strategies for managing this species.  相似文献   

Economic feasibility for producing Imperial Zebra pleco (Hypancistrus zebra) in recirculating aquaculture systems: An alternative for a critically endangered ornamental fish     

Danilo Araujo Soares Pereira  Marcelo Barbosa Henriques 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(4):428-448

Abstract

The L46 (Hypancistrus zebra) stands out as one of the most valuable Amazonian species in the international market for ornamental fish and faces a notable problem: the risk of extinction versus the demand for new specimens for aquariums. Considering that breeding in captivity can be a conservational tool for aquatic species and an alternative source for generating income, the objective of the present paper was to verify the economic feasibility of producing H. zebra in recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS), in different scenarios of rearing: residential breeding (S1), mid-size store production (S2) and large-scale production as a supplier (S3). The main profitability indicators used were: net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period (PP). The selling price per unit was fixed in US$260.15 (S1/S2) and US$156.09 (S3). The largest investments were made with the acquisition of broodstocks (S1/S2) and property (S3), while the highest costs were with labor (S2/S3) and taxes (S1). Only S1 demonstrated economic profitability (NPV 8.50%?=?US$28,187.85; IRR?=?74.71%; PP?=?1.80?years). Conclusion: the production in this study appeared to be profitable on smaller scales, however the profitability of large-scale production depends upon reducing expenses and increasing the selling price.  相似文献   

Efficacy of five selected acaricides against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and their side effects on relevant natural enemies occurring in citrus orchards     

Urbaneja A  Pascual-Ruiz S  Pina T  Abad-Moyano R  Vanaclocha P  Montón H  Dembilio O  Castañera P  Jacas JA 《Pest management science》2008,64(8):834-842

BACKGROUND: Three groups of natural enemies are fundamental in citrus IPM in Spain: coccinellid and phytoseiid predators and hymenopteran parasitoids. Tetranychus urticae Koch is an important pest affecting citrus, for which biological control has not yet been achieved; therefore, acaricides are commonly used to control it. The goal of this study was to measure the efficacy of different acaricides on this mite and their side effects on three natural enemies relevant for citrus (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, Neoseiulus californicus McGregor and Aphidius colemani Viereck).RESULTS: Some products proved highly effective against T. urticae and harmless to A. colemani (mineral oil, tebufenpyrad, clofentezine and fenazaquin). However, almost all products tested were slightly harmful for both the predators considered. Fenazaquin was even moderately harmful for N. californicus. CONCLUSION: Further studies, like that presented here, are necessary to gain a better understanding of integrating biological and chemical controls. When considering both efficacy and side effects on beneficial arthropods, the best options would seem to be mineral oil, tebufenpyrad and clofentezine. However, it is urgent to complete testing of the side effects of the acaricides used in citrus. This question is crucial if the fact that two recently introduced Tetranychidae are being controlled in citrus by chemical means exclusively is considered.  相似文献   

Vibrio spp. Control at Brine Shrimp,Artemia, Hatching and Enrichment     

Juliana Aguiar Interaminense  Nathalia Ferreira Calazans  Bruna Critas do Valle  Joana Lyra Vogeley  Sílvio Peixoto  Roberta Soares  Jos Vitor Lima Filho 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(1):65-74

Experiments were conducted to evaluate different prophylactic methods to control the bacterial load in brine shrimp, Artemia, hatching. The first experiment evaluated three treatments to control Vibrio spp. during the Artemia hatching: microalgae (Chaetoceros calcitrans), probiotic (Bacillus spp.), and antibiotic (Florfenicol). In the second experiment, Artemia metanauplius were enriched in distinct treatments with C. calcitrans, probiotic, and emulsion rich in docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic fatty acids. Enriched Artemia metanauplius and nauplii (control) were offered to white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, postlarvae (PL₇–PL₁₉). Presumptive Vibrio were quantified in Artemia, PL, and rearing water. Microalgae and probiotic were effective to control Vibrio spp. in Artemia nauplii. The enrichment process increased the Artemia bacterial load but did not affect Vibrio load in L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Monitoring of eucalyptus sprouts control using digital images obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle     

Caique Carvalho Medauar  Samuel de Assis Silva  Luis Carlos Cirilo Carvalho  Rafael Augusto Soares Tibúrcio  Julião Soares de Souza Lima  Paullo Augusto Silva Medauar 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2018,37(7):739-752

This study evaluated the effectiveness of chemical control for eradicating eucalyptus sprouts using images obtained with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The study was carried out in eucalyptus plantations in Itabela, BA, in replanting areas during pre-planting application of herbicide. Aerial images obtained by a UAV were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the herbicide application for sprouts control. After the images were acquired, they were processed to calculate the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and submitted to a supervised classification to quantify the percentage reduction of sprout green matter. The percentage data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The differences, both visual and average percentages were observed only during the evaluation period with no evident effect of the treatments on sprout control. The images provided by the UAV allowed to monitor and identify visually the plots where biomass reduced or increased and to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical control of eucalyptus sprouts, indicating areas where it was nonexistent, partial or total.  相似文献   

The Impact of Organic Biofertilizer Application in Dairy Cattle Manure on the Chemical Properties of the Soil and the Growth and Nutritional Status of Urochroa Grass     

C. V. Soares Filho  J. F. Cavazzana  R. Heinrichs  J. M. B. Vendramini  G. C. Lima 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(3):358-370

The management of nitrogen (N) fertilization in pasture has great importance for yield and maintenance of Brazilian livestock. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil chemical attributes, shoot dry weight yield (SDWY) and roots dry weight yield (RDWY), nutritional status and nutritive value of Mulato II Urochloa grass that received organic biofertilizer rates as N source. The treatments were arranged in completely randomized blocks, were fertilized with six organic biofertilizer rates (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 m³ ha^?1) and five replicates during four harvest cycles. There was a quadratic response in the accumulated SDWY for up to a rate of 400 m³ ha^?1 and RDWY with 330 m³ ha^?1 of organic biofertilizer. The organic biofertilizer influenced the soil chemical attributes and foliar nutrient concentration. However, only the crude protein content presented a quadratic response, and neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber levels were not affected by the influence of organic biofertilizer applied to the soil.  相似文献   

When the ground cover brings guests: is <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anaphothrips obscurus</Emphasis> a friend or a foe for the biological control of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tetranychus urticae</Emphasis> in clementines?     

María Antonia Gómez-Martínez  Josep A. Jaques  María Victoria Ibáñez-Gual  Tatiana Pina 《Journal of pest science》2018,91(2):613-623

Biological control of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), a key pest of clementines, can be improved in this crop with the establishment of a ground cover of Festuca arundinacea Schreber (Poaceae). This cover houses an abundant and diverse community of predatory Phytoseiidae mites including Euseius stipulatus (Athias-Henriot), Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and a dense population of the grass thrips Anaphothrips obscurus Müller (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) throughout the year. The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of this thrips species could be related to the improvement in the biological control of T. urticae. Therefore, the capacity of the abovementioned phytoseiids to feed and reproduce on A. obscurus and their feeding preferences when T. urticae and A. obscurus were simultaneously offered, were analyzed. The results show that E. stipulatus, N. barkeri and N. californicus have a type II functional response when offered A. obscurus nymphs, whereas P. persimilis barely feeds on this thrips species. Furthermore, N. barkeri and N. californicus can reproduce feeding only on thrips. Regarding prey preference, the Tetranychus spp.-specialist P. persimilis preferably preyed on T. urticae, the generalists N. barkeri and E. stipulatus preferred A. obscurus, and the selective predator of tetranychid mites N. californicus showed no preference. Therefore, we hypothesize that the enhanced biological control of T. urticae observed could be related to A. obscurus becoming an alternative prey for non-specialist phytoseiids, without altering the control exerted by the T. urticae-specialist P. persimilis and likely reducing intraguild predation.  相似文献