A novel acylase from Streptomyces mobaraensis that efficiently catalyzes hydrolysis/synthesis of capsaicins as well as N-acyl-L-amino acids and N-acyl-peptides     

Koreishi M  Zhang D  Imanaka H  Imamura K  Adachi S  Matsuno R  Nakanishi K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(1):72-78

A novel enzyme that catalyzes efficient hydrolysis of capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces mobaraensis. The enzyme consisted of two dissimilar subunits with molecular masses of 61 and 19 kDa. The enzyme was activated and stabilized in the presence of Co2+. It showed a pH optimum of about 8 and was stable at temperatures of up to 55 degrees C for 1 h at pH 7.8. The specific activity of the enzyme for the hydrolysis of capsaicin was 10(2)-10(4) times higher than those for the enzymes reported to date. In an aqueous/n-hexane biphasic system, capsaicin analogues such as octanoyl, decanoyl, and lauroyl vanillylamides were synthesized from the corresponding fatty acids and vanillylamine at yields of 50% or greater. In addition, the enzyme catalyzed the deacylation of N-lauroyl-L-amino acids and N-lauroyl-L-dipeptides and the efficient synthesis of Nalpha-lauroyl-L-lysine, Nepsilon-lauroyl-L-lysine, and various N-lauroyl-peptides in aqueous solution in both the absence and the presence of glycerol.  相似文献   

Characteristic cellular composition of germinal centers     

Imamura K  Yasuda M  Riwar B  Inui S  Ekino S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(5):419-428

We established the method of isolating individually encapsulated germinal centers (GCs) from immunized spleen and analyzed single cell suspension of GCs by flowcytometry. In GCs, the high frequency of sIgG+ cells (29%) and sIgA+ cells (5%) was detected. Two-color flowcytometry analysis showed that GCs contained 27% of sIgM-IgG+ cells, in which isotype switch from IgM to IgG had occurred, and 5% of Bu1-IgG+ cells, which were differentiating into plasma cells. On the other hand, sIgM-IgG+ and Bu1-IgG+ cells were not detected in the bursa, which contained 95% of B cells and only 1% of T cells. CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells were detected in the light zone of GCs and these CD4+ T cells are supposed to play a key role in isotype switching and differentiation into plasma cells in GCs. These results clearly demonstrate that GCs provide a site for isotype switching and differentiation into plasma cells.  相似文献   

PCR-based detection of blood parasites in cattle and adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks     

Yamada S  Konnai S  Imamura S  Simuunza M  Chembensofu M  Chota A  Nambota A  Onuma M  Ohashi K 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):352-355

To ascertain the infection rate for tick-borne pathogens in Zambia, an epidemiological survey of Theileria parva, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale in traditionally managed Sanga cattle was conducted using PCR. Of the 71 native Zambian cattle, 28 (39.4%) were positive for T. parva, 16 (22.5%) for B. bigemina and 34 (47.9%) for A. marginale. The mixed infection rate in cattle was 8.5% (6/71), 16.9% (12/71), 7.0% (5/71) and 2.8% (2/71) for T. parva/B. bigemina, T. parva/A. marginale, B. bigemina/A. marginale and T. parva/B. bigemina/A. marginale, respectively.To predict the risk for transmission of tick-borne pathogens from ticks to cattle, a total of 74 Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks were collected from a location where cattle had been found positive for T. parva. Of the ticks collected, 10 (13.5%) were found to be PCR-positive for T. parva. The results suggest that the infection rate for tick-borne pathogens was relatively high in Sanga cattle and that adult R. appendiculatus ticks were highly infected with T. parva.  相似文献   

ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE PANCREAS IN THE DOG   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yutaka  MoritaDVM  Mitsuyoshi  TakiguchiBVSc. MS  Jun  YasudaDVM  PHD  Toshiko  KitamuraDVM  Michelo  SyakalimaDVM  Ki-Dong  EomDVM  Akira  HashimotoDVM  PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(6):552-556

Endoscopic ultrasonography was done in 12 normal adult dogs to investigate its efficacy in visualization of the pancreas. The endoscopic ultrasonographic device used in the present study had a curved-array ultrasound transducer mounted in front of the objective lens. The tip of the ultrasonic endoscope was inserted into the stomach, and all examinations of the pancreas were performed from within the stomach. Endoscopic ultrasonography provided good images of most parts of the pancreas except for the ends of each lobe. Useful information about the pancreatic parenchyma, including pancreatic lobular structure, pancreatic duct, and vessels of the pancreas was obtained by endoscopic ultrasonography. Blood flow within vessels was detected using color Doppler and pulsed-wave Doppler examination. These results suggest that endoscopic ultrasonography is available as an effective diagnostic modality in small animal practice.  相似文献   

Anthracnose of Japanese radish caused by Colletotrichum dematium     

Toyozo Sato  Taturo Muta  Yukihisa Imamura  Hidenobu Nojima  Jouji Moriwaki  Yukio Yaguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(5):380-383

Anthracnose of Japanese radish found in Kagoshima and Miyazaki prefectures was demonstrated to be caused by Colletotrichum dematium based on inoculation experiments and morphological and molecular identification of the pathogenic fungus. Although symptoms of Japanese radish anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum were similar to those caused by C. dematium, damage by the latter pathogen was more severe than that by C. higginsianum.  相似文献   

Drying and anatomical characteristics of sugi wood attacked by bacteria during pond storage     

Yoshinori Kobayashi  Ikuho Iida  Yuji Imamura  Ugai Watanabe 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(6):432-437

Seven species of bacteria were isolated and identified from ponded sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) logs, and six species showed potent wood-degrading activities. To evaluate the effects of these isolated bacteria on the drying and anatomical characteristics of wood, small fresh blocks of sugi were immersed in water suspensions containing bacteria for 1–7 months. The permeability and drying properties were evidently improved. Most of the encrusting substances adhering to the cell lumens and the pit chambers were removed, and the pit membranes were destroyed. These anatomical changes due to bacterial activity were assumed to improve the permeability of sugi wood.Part of this report was presented at the 40^th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tsukuba, April 1990; the 41^st annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Matsue, April 1991; and the IUFRO XX World Congress, Tampere, August 1995  相似文献   

Evaluation of the temperature and relative humidity preferences of the western dry-wood termite <Emphasis Type="Italic">Incisitermes minor</Emphasis> (Hagen) using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring     

Yuliati Indrayani  Tsuyoshi Yoshimura  Yoshiyuki Yanase  Yoshihisa Fujii  Yuji Imamura 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(1):76-79

Twenty-four different combinations of six temperatures (15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, and 40°C) and four relative humidity (RH) (60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) conditions were used for pseudergates of the western dry-wood termite Incisitermes minor (Hagen). The feeding activities of the termites were monitored by the detection of generated acoustic emission (AE) events from feeder wood blocks in a test chamber. Temperature and RH showed independent and interactive significant effects on the feeding activity of I. minor. The optimal temperature and RH conditions for the feeding activities were 35°C and 70%, respectively, and the optimal combinations were 35°C-70% and 35°C-80% with an exceptionally higher feeding activity at the combination condition of 30°C-70%.  相似文献   

Subcellular distribution of malathion,phenthoate, and diethylsuccinate carboxylesterases in rat lungs     

T. Imamura  L. Hasegawa 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,22(3):321-328

The subcellular distribution of malathion, phenthoate, and diethylsuccinate carboxylesterases was determined in the lungs of male Sprague-Dawley rats and in rats administered lung toxic doses of bromobenzene and paraquat. In control with the former two substrates, the highest activity was encountered in the 6500g and 12,000g pellets. In addition, significant activity was found in the 100,000g supernatant. These fractions hydrolyzed diethylsuccinate very slowly, and the major diethylsuccinate carboxylesterase activity was recovered in the 100,000g pellet. The bromobenzene treatment had no effect on these carboxylesterases; however, the paraquat treatment significantly decreased the phenthoate and diethylsuccinate carboxylesterases in the 100,000g pellet without altering the activity in the other fractions. The present study suggested that the subcellular distribution of malathion and phenthoate carboxylesterases is different from that in liver. The present study revealed that, in the lungs, the highest total activity for malathion and phenthoate carboxylesterases was found in the 100,000g supernatant, in comparison with liver, where the 100,000g pellet contains a much higher activity of these enzymes. The decrease in specific activities of diethylsuccinate and phenthoate carboxylesterases following the treatment with a pneumotoxicant may serve as an indicator of lung damage.  相似文献   

Studies on Staphylococcosis in Chickens: I. Outbreaks of Staphylococcal Infection on Poultry Farms and Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Chickens     

Shigemi Kuramasu  Yasuhisa Imamura  Takayasu Takizawa  Fusako Oguchi  Yoshio Tajima 《Zoonoses and public health》1967,14(7):646-656

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Anisotropic thermal properties of molded carbon phenolic spheres     

Subyakto  Toshimitsu Hata  Shuichi Kawai  Yuji Imamura  Isamu Ide 《Journal of Wood Science》2000,46(1):16-21

Anisotropic thermal properties of molded carbon phenolic spheres (CPS), a mixture of sugi wood charcoal powders and phenol formaldehyde resin molded with a hot press, were investigated. The effects of the carbonizing temperature, particle size of chars, and density of the CPS on thermal properties were discussed. The molded CPS specimens were measured for their thermal properties using the laser flash method in both horizontal and vertical directions. The configuration of the CPS was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Anisotropy of the thermal properties (thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity) between horizontal and vertical directions of the molded CPS was much higher than that of the uncarbonized molded phenolic spheres. Therefore, converting wood into molded CPS is an effective way to enhance the thermal-anisotropy properties. More marked effects of the carbonizing temperature, particle size, and density were observed in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction. Anisotropy in thermal properties of the molded CPS may be considered an advantage for developing a new fire-retardant material for wood composites.An outline of this study was presented at the 47^th and 48^th annual meetings of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kochi and Shizuoka, 1997 and 1998.  相似文献