Trapping whiteflies? A comparison of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) responses to trap crops and yellow sticky traps     

Moreau TL  Isman MB 《Pest management science》2011,67(4):408-413

BACKGROUND: Greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), are notorious pests that, through the reduction of crop yields and excretion of honeydew, cause significant economic losses for sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growers. Chemical and biological controls are the two most common forms of whitefly management in greenhouses. Consequently, insecticide resistance and inadequate control have rejuvenated interest in alternative tactics. In the present study, whitefly responses to trap crops (eggplant and squash) and yellow sticky traps were compared in order to identify the most effective traps for dispersing and resident adults. RESULTS: Results indicated that yellow sticky traps were most effective at trapping adult whiteflies. Significantly more dispersing whiteflies were recorded on eggplant than on squash trap crops. None of the traps significantly reduced adult populations on the main crops (peppers) compared with the control. However, yellow sticky traps did significantly reduce oviposition on peppers. CONCLUSIONS: Adult whiteflies were most effectively trapped on yellow sticky traps followed by eggplant trap crops. Further study of whitefly trapping using visual cues may enhance trapping management. Specifically, research combining yellow sticky traps with other control strategies is recommended. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Production of 3-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-5,6-dihydro-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilhelm     

J H Moore  T P Murray  M E Marks 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1974,22(4):697-698

  相似文献   

Analysis of lidocaine and its major metabolite, monoethylglycinexylidide, in elk velvet antler by liquid chromatography with UV detection and confirmation by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry     

Bagonluri MT  Woodbury MR  Reid RS  Boison JO 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(7):2386-2391

A sensitive liquid chromatographic (LC) method with UV detection was developed for the determination of residues of lidocaine (LID) and its major metabolite, monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX), in elk velvet antler. The drugs were extracted from alkaline velvet antler homogenates, cleaned up on a C(18) solid-phase extraction cartridge, and separated on an Inertsil ODS-3 (3.0 x 250 mm, 5 microm) column using an isocratic mobile phase made up of 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 4.0)/acetonitrile (88:12, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The limits of quantification for LID and its major metabolite, MEGX, were 10 and 20 ng/g, respectively. The method was validated and used to measure the concentration of residues of LID and MEGX in elk velvet antlers harvested after either LID anesthesia or application of a drug-free control method (electro-anesthesia, EA). No LID or MEGX residues were detected in any of the antlers harvested after EA application. No MEGX residues were detected in any of the velvet antlers harvested after LID application, but residues of LID ranging in concentration from 68 to 4300 ng/g were detected in the three sections of the velvet antlers harvested after LID administration. LC-tandem mass spectrometry was used to confirm the presence of lidocaine detected in the velvet antlers.  相似文献   

Copper Solubility and Speciation of In Situ Contaminated Soils: Effects of Copper Level,pH and Organic Matter     

Sauvé  Sébastien  McBride  Murray B.  Norvell  Wendell A.  Hendershot  William H. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1997,100(1-2):133-149

This study attempts to identify the soil properties controlling the fractionation of copper into various soil pools and determine the influence of pH and metal loading on soil-solution free copper activity (pCu²⁺). The pCu²⁺ was determined in 0.01 M CaCl₂ soil extracts using a copper ion selective electrode. We analyzed a wide variety of soils: urban, agricultural and forest soils from the Province of Québec, New York State and Denmark. The pCu²⁺ ranged from 12.21 to 6.18. The relationships among pCu²⁺, total soil copper, total dissolved copper and soil pH are studied for their variability within and between sites as well as for the whole data set. Regression equations are presented for predicting soluble copper as a function of total soil copper and also for predicting pCu²⁺ as a function of total soil copper and soil pH.  相似文献   

Bacterial pathogens isolated from cultured bullfrogs (Rana castesbeiana).     

Michael J Mauel  Debra L Miller  Kendall S Frazier  Murray E Hines 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2002,14(5):431-433

A commercial bullfrog (Rana castesbeiana) operation in south Georgia had multiple epizootics of systemic bacterial infections over a 3-year period, 1998-2000. A number of potential pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Chryseobacterium (Flavobacterium) meningosepticum, Chryseobacterium (Flavobacterium) indolgenes, Edwardsiella tarda, Citrobacterfreundii, Pseudomonas spp., and (Streptococcus iniae) were isolated from various tissues. Clinically, frogs demonstrated acute onset of torticolis, stupor, and indifference to stimuli. Cutaneous hyperemia, subcutaneous and muscular hemorrhage, and peripheral edema were consistent gross findings. Histologically, clusters of lymphocytes, monocytes, and occasional acidophiles with scattered granulomas occurred in liver, kidney, and spleen. This is the first report of S. inae and C. meningosepticum as potential disease agents in R. castesbeiana. These findings suggest that a variety of bacteria may be associated with redleg and that culture results must be obtained for accurate diagnosis.  相似文献   

Bovine endometritis: comparative efficacy of alfaprostol and intrauterine therapies, and other factors influencing clinical success     

R D Murray  J D Allison  R P Gard 《The Veterinary record》1990,127(4):86-90

A comparative study of the treatment of 306 severe, moderate, or mild cases of bovine endometritis was carried out over two calving seasons. The cases were treated with alfaprostol, or an intrauterine antibacterial preparation, or with a combination of both therapies. There was no significant difference between the efficacies of these treatments, and a single injection of alfaprostol was effective in 74 per cent of the cases treated. The effectiveness of the treatments was related to the degree of self-cure of the endometritis after parturition, the luteal activity at the time of treatment, and farm management factors affecting the health and condition of the calving cows.  相似文献   

Microfilaraemia in Australian native birds     

GP REPPAS  WJ HARTLEY  PA GILL 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(9):356-357

  相似文献   

World Watch     

Gardner Murray 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(7):393-393

  相似文献   

QUEENSLAND     

Dick Murray 《Australian veterinary journal》1983,60(6):1-1

  相似文献   

Akabane disease in sheep   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KG HAUGHEY  WJ HARTLEY†  AJ DELLA-PORTA‡  MD MURRAY§ 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(5):136-140

Perinatal lamb mortality, associated with malformations of the CNS due to Akabane viral infection, occurred in 4 of 9 flocks of ewes lambing on 3 farms between 26 May and 14 November, 1976. Cases were restricted to ewes conceiving prior to the second week of March and lambing between 26 May and 19 July. As judged by seroconversion in sentinel flocks on 2 of the farms, field infection with Akabane virus occurred mainly between mid-February and mid-April. Malformations of the CNS occurred in 42.5%, 51.2%, 100% and 31.0% of the dead lambs examined in the affected flocks respectively. Prevalence in the 4 affected flocks, expressed as the proportion of ewes lambing which delivered at least one malformed foetus, was 6.1%, 8.4%, 88.9% and 5.7% respectively. Lamb mortality due to malformations of the CNS was 7.1%, 5.5%, 92.3% and 5.7% of lambs born. Age-specific prevalence was calculated for 3 of the 4 flocks and 2-year-old ewes accounted for 71.4% and 76.9% of total cases respectively in 2 flocks, whereas in one flock malformations occurred at equivalent frequencies throughout several older age groups. Birthweights of affected lambs were usually significantly lighter than those of unaffected lambs of similar sex and birth-type, and their mean duration of gestation was slightly, and significantly, prolonged. Micrencephaly (88.1% of cases) and hydrocephalus (68.7% of cases) were the outstanding pathological features of the malformations with hydranencephaly, microgyria, porencephaly and attenuation of the spinal cord occurring at much lower frequencies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献