A Comparative Study of Confined Concrete Models under Cyclic Loading     

ZHOU Weng - feng  HUANG Zontg - ming  BAI Shao - liang 《保鲜与加工》2006,(3):59-62

In this paper,four models are selected as the representatives and applied to nonlinear dynamic analysis program for space frames which is based on the beam-column elements using the finite element flexibility method and the fiber model.Park's test on combined axial and bending columns under cyclic loading are taken as the calibrations,comparisons to material and structural member level are drawn and the analytical results of various models are discussed.  相似文献   

福建省甘薯种质资源鉴定与评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

翁定河  蔡南通  郭其茂  朱鸿  杨立明 《中国农学通报》2006,22(7):473-480

征集甄别保存甘薯种质资源606份,编写出品种目录,拍摄了彩色图谱册;摸索出适合福建省气候特点的田间种植、薯块贮藏、老蔓越冬和茎尖脱毒试管苗4种方法相结合的安全保存方法;首次在相同条件下同时完成了对保存的品种资源抗蔓割病、薯瘟病的鉴定,8种主要营养成份的分析及鲜薯与薯干产量的测定,筛选出抗蔓割病资源212份、抗薯瘟病资源109份、高干率资源14份、高淀粉资源12份、高水溶性糖资源13份、高粗蛋白资源13份、高粗脂肪资源12份、低粗纤维资源12份、高维生素C资源12份、高胡萝卜素资源12份,初步摸清了这些品种的分布情况;应用Borlanddel-phi7.0为设计集成环境和通用SQL方式查询程序模块创建了资源数据库;建立了107份骨干资源圃。  相似文献   

基于形态谱和形状特征的平面四杆机构设计方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

翁桂荣  饶海涛  钱志良 《农业机械学报》2006,37(10):116-119,107

连杆轨迹曲线与连杆机构参量之间存在着复杂的非线性关系,用具有旋转、缩放、平移不变特性的形状谱和几何参数作为联合特征,描述了连杆轨迹曲线的结构形态特征和整体形状特征,并构建曲线形态的识别、比较方法,实现了连杆轨迹曲线描述最小的数据冗余;利用人工神经网络拟合了连杆轨迹曲线与连杆机构之间的非线性关系,获取与预期轨迹最为吻合的连杆曲线参数,实现了机构的快速综合设计.以512幅连杆曲线图像为学习库,64幅图像为工程测试样本的实验数据说明了本文方法的可行性,并分析了误差产生的原因.  相似文献   

Improving Drought Tolerance of Rice by Designed QTL Pyramiding   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Drought is the most important factor limiting rice yields in the rainfed areas of Asia. To overcome the problem  we developed a new strategy ''''designed QTL pyramiding'''' to more efficiently develop drought tolerant 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):205-206

Drought is the most important factor limiting rice yields in the rainfed areas of Asia. To overcome the problem, we developed a new strategy ＇designed QTL pyramiding＇ to more efficiently develop drought tolerant （DT） rice cultivars. In the first phase of this strategy, we developed large numbers of introgression lines （ILs） in elite backgrounds using backcross （BC） breeding, each of which carries multiple genomic segments for improved DT from a known donor. Then, we genotyped all ILs with SSR markers to track the genomewide pattern of introgression in the DT ILs of 16 BC populations derived from crosses between 2 recipients （IR64 and Teqing） and four different donors. X^2 tests and linkage disequilibrium analyses of introgression in the DT ILs revealed significant frequency shifts at many loci across the genome and non-random associations at the multilocus level as a result of selection for DT in the ILs, which led us to the discovery of putative genetic networks underlying DT in the ILs. The networks each containing all DT loci detected in ILs from a BC population showed some interesting features.  相似文献   

Mutation Techniques for Gene Discovery and Crop Improvement     

One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics was the discovery that mutations can be artificially induced in organisms 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):193-195

One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics ）was the discovery that mutations can be artificially induced in organisms （van Harten, 1998）. Artificially induced mutations, by physical and chemical mutagens, have greatly advanced the understanding of genetics of higher organisms. Starting in the late 1960＇s, the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） and the Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） of the United Nations sponsored extensive research on mutation induction and their application to breeding of food and indnstrial crops that resulted in the introduction of new varieties of rice, wheat, barley, apples, citrus, sugar cane, banana, and others （more than 2 500 officially released new varieties are to be found in the FAO/IAEA Mutant Varieties Database） （hitp：//www-mvd.iaea.org/MVD/default.htm）. However, the usefulness of mutation techniques has been underappreciated in research communities, particularly during the last decade, when more and more researchers and breeders were rushing into molecular marker techniques and transgenic plants. In this paper, after a brief review of the past accomplishments of mutation induction and its application, we discuss the uniqueness of induced mutations in gene discovery and how to integrate induced mutants into functional genomics programs;  相似文献   

Short term soil priming effects and the mineralisation of biochar following its incorporation to soils of different pH   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Y. Luo  M. Durenkamp  Q. Lin 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(11):2304-2314

The aim of this work was to determine the magnitude of the priming effect, i.e. short-term changes in the rate (negative or positive) of mineralisation of native soil organic carbon (C), following addition of biochars. The biochars were made from Miscanthus giganteus, a C4 plant, naturally enriched with ¹³C. The biochars were produced at 350 °C (biochar350) and 700 °C (biochar700) and applied with and without ryegrass as a substrate to a clay-loam soil at pH 3.7 and 7.6. A secondary aim was to determine the effect of ryegrass addition on the mineralisation of the two biochars.After 87 days, biochar350 addition caused priming effects equivalent to 250 and 319 μg CO₂-C g⁻¹ soil, in the low and high pH soil, respectively. The largest priming effects occurred at the start of the incubations. The size of the priming effect was decreased at higher biochar pyrolysis temperatures, which may be a way of controlling priming effects following biochar incorporation to soil, if desired. The priming effect was probably induced by the water soluble components of the biochar. At 87 days of incubation, 0.14% and 0.18% of biochar700 and 0.61% and 0.84% of biochar350 were mineralized in the low and high pH soil, respectively. Ryegrass addition gave an increased biochar350 mineralisation of 33% and 40%, and increased biochar700 at 137% and 70%, in the low and high pH soils, respectively. Certainly, on the basis of our results, if biochar is used to sequester carbon a priming effect may occur, increasing CO₂-C evolved from soil and decreasing soil organic C. However, this will be more than compensated for by the increased soil C caused by biochar incorporation. A similar conclusion holds for accelerated mineralisation of biochar due to incorporation of fresh labile substrates. We consider that our results are the first to unequivocally demonstrate the initiation, progress and termination of a true positive priming effect by biochar on native soil organic C.  相似文献   

Effects of Coconut Husk and Sphagnum Moss-Based Media on Growth and Yield of Romaine and Buttercrunch Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) in a Non-Circulating Hydroponics System     

Norman Q. Arancon  Nicholas Schaffer  Chad E. Converse 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(8):1218-1230

A comparison was made to investigate the effects of two potting methods: coconut husk/ sphagnum moss and a plastic forestry tube with a peat-based medium (Sunshine® mix #1, Sungro Horticulture, Agawam, MA, USA), on the growth and yield of Romaine ‘Ridgeline’ and Buttercrunch ‘UH Manoa’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa) using a non-circulating hydroponics system. Two-week old lettuce seedlings were transplanted into 5 cm holes, 20 × 30 cm apart on polystyrene bead boards fitted on top of a 0.6 m wide, 1.2 m long and 25 cm deep hydroponics tanks. A standard hydroponics nutrient solution was prepared using Chem Gro® (Hydro-Gardens, Colorado Springs, CO) (8-15-36 + micronutrients), calcium nitrate [Ca(NO₃)₂] and magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄). Each tank contained either one lettuce variety, replicated 12 times in completely randomized design. Growth and yields significantly increased in both lettuce varieties grown in coconut husk/sphagnum moss plugs which were attributed by their relatively greater water holding capacities and a more favorable media that allowed better root growth.  相似文献   

Nutrient limitations to bacterial and fungal growth during cellulose decomposition in tropical forest soils     

Andrew?T.?NottinghamEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Lettice?C.?Hicks  Adan?J.?Q.?Ccahuana  Norma?Salinas  Erland?B??th  Patrick?Meir 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2018,54(2):219-228

Nutrients constrain the soil carbon cycle in tropical forests, but we lack knowledge on how these constraints vary within the soil microbial community. Here, we used in situ fertilization in a montane tropical forest and in two lowland tropical forests on contrasting soil types to test the principal hypothesis that there are different nutrient constraints to different groups of microorganisms during the decomposition of cellulose. We also tested the hypotheses that decomposers shift from nitrogen to phosphorus constraints from montane to lowland forests, respectively, and are further constrained by potassium and sodium deficiency in the western Amazon. Cellulose and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and combined) were added to soils in situ, and microbial growth on cellulose (phospholipid fatty acids and ergosterol) and respiration were measured. Microbial growth on cellulose after single nutrient additions was highest following nitrogen addition for fungi, suggesting nitrogen as the primary limiting nutrient for cellulose decomposition. This was observed at all sites, with no clear shift in nutrient constraints to decomposition between lowland and montane sites. We also observed positive respiration and fungal growth responses to sodium and potassium addition at one of the lowland sites. However, when phosphorus was added, and especially when added in combination with other nutrients, bacterial growth was highest, suggesting that bacteria out-compete fungi for nitrogen where phosphorus is abundant. In summary, nitrogen constrains fungal growth and cellulose decomposition in both lowland and montane tropical forest soils, but additional nutrients may also be of critical importance in determining the balance between fungal and bacterial decomposition of cellulose.  相似文献   

酿酒曲对柑橘梨汁复合酒发酵工艺的影响     

熊海燕鄢黎平  孔莉王金霞  张梦竹翁姗姗 《中国农学通报》2010,26(17):112-114

通过添加不同含量的酿酒曲到柑橘梨汁复合液进行试验,结果表明：酿酒曲具有提高果汁出汁率,从而提高酒精度的作用;适当提高酿酒曲含量有利于果汁含糖量的快速降解,可获得较高浓度的酒精  相似文献   

Production of novel alloplasmic male sterile lines in Allium cepa harbouring the cytoplasm from Allium roylei     

Hao Q. Vu  Machiko Iwata  Naoki Yamauchi  Masayoshi Shigyo 《Plant Breeding》2011,130(4):469-475

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