Effect of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance,non‐specific immune enzymes and acute response to low salinity and high temperature of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus     

Zequn Li  Xiaoqiang Xue  Huan Yang  Mingling Liao  Yuzhe Han  Zhiqiang Jiang  Tongjun Ren 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(3):683-692

This study was performed to determine the optimum dietary carbohydrate (CHO) levels of sea cucumber, based on the parameters of growth, digestive enzymes, digestibility, non‐specific immune enzymes and acute low‐salinity (20 g/L) stress and high‐temperature (30°C) stress tolerance. Diets with eight different CHO (dextrin) levels (32.9, 107.6, 192.5, 257.2, 316.8, 428.0, 482.4 and 572.8 g/kg) were fed to sea cucumber juveniles (0.49 ± 0.01 g) for 60 days. Significant higher amylase activity was observed in sea cucumbers fed diet with CHO ranging between 32.9 and 192.5 g/kg than that of other treatments (p < .05). The sea cucumbers fed with 192.5 g/kg CHO showed significantly higher acid phosphatase activity than the treatments of 482.4 and 572.8 g/kg CHO (p < .05), and significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity than other treatments (p < .05, except 257.2 g/kg). The treatments of 428.0–572.8 g/kg were found significantly lower values than other treatments in apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter and crude protein (p < .05). The sea cucumbers fed with 192.5, 257.2 and 316.8 g/kg CHO showed better tolerance to high‐temperature (30°C) and low‐salinity (20 g/L) stress than other treatments. In brief, the optimal dietary CHO level for the growth of juvenile sea cucumber is 177.96 g/kg. However, excessive CHO will inhibit amylase enzyme activity and decrease digestibility, resulting in low growth of sea cucumber.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary zinc sources and levels on growth performance,tissue zinc retention and antioxidant response of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed diets containing phytic acid     

Xiaofang Liang  Chunyan Cao  Pei Chen  Anant S. Bharadwaj  Xiufeng Wu  Xu Gu  Qingyan Tao  Min Xue 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(2):410-421

Plant protein‐based diets are widely used for common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). The plant source antagonist, such as phytate, negatively affects the bioavailability of trace minerals, but this aspect was not considered in previous studies on this species. A 10‐week growth trial was conducted to investigate the effects of inorganic Zinc (ZnSO₄·7H₂O, Zn‐S) and organic Zn (2‐hydroxy‐4‐(methylthio) butanoic Zinc, Zn‐M) on growth performance, Zn retention and antioxidant responses of common carp (initial weight 10.0 ± 0.03 g). Eleven semi‐purified diets containing 7 mg/kg phytic acid were prepared with 0, 5, 20, 35, 50 and 65 mg/kg Zn from Zn‐S and Zn‐M (12.8 mg/kg Zn in basal level), respectively. The results showed that either Zn‐S or Zn‐M inclusion improved growth performance, vertebral Zn deposition and antioxidant responses of fish. The Zn requirement based on WGR, vertebrae Zn and plasma SOD were 47.0, >77.8 and 48.5 mg/kg, and 63.3, 42.2 and 36.8 mg/kg, respectively, with Zn‐S and Zn‐M as Zn sources. The relative bioavailability of Zn‐M was 2.44‐ (vertebrae Zn deposition) and 1.74‐fold (plasma SOD activity) the availability of Zn‐S in the diet of common carp. The lower growth performance and poor bioavailability in vertebrae of Zn‐S group were related to the chelating of zinc with phytic acid.  相似文献   

Cover Image     

Yang Li  Jiaqi Li  Suyan Xue  Wenwen Zhang  Han Xu  Zengjie Jiang  Yuze Mao 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(10):i-i

  相似文献   

饲料中n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸水平对黄河鲤幼鱼生长性能及生长相关基因mRNA表达的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

庞小磊  田雪  王良炎  李梦荣  胡菊  马晓  刘慧芬  李学军 《水产学报》2019,43(2):492-504

为了分析饲料n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)水平对黄河鲤幼鱼生长性能和生长相关基因的影响,实验以鱼油和混合植物油(花生油和紫苏籽油)为脂肪源配制5组等氮等能饲料。对照组(T1)以鱼油为唯一脂肪源,18:3 n-3/18:2 n-6为0.97,第二组(T2)以花生油为唯一脂肪源,18:3 n-3/18:2 n-6为0.02,其他3组实验饲料以花生油和紫苏籽油为脂肪源,且n-3/n-6比值分别为0.46(T3)、1.09(T4)和1.53(T5)。10周养殖实验结束后,分析各组鱼体的生长性能、血清中生长激素(GH)含量及不同部位肌肉中生长相关基因的表达水平。结果显示,与对照组相比,n-3/n-6对鱼体的脏体比(VSI)、饲料系数(FCR)、摄食率(FI)无显著影响,增重率(WGR)随n-3/n-6比值的增加先升后降,n-3/n-6比值等于1.09时,WGR达到峰值,为218.53%±24.32%。T2组血清GH含量显著高于其他处理组,随着n-3/n-6比值增大GH含量逐渐降低。背部肌肉中生长相关基因gh、ghr、igf-1和myod均表现为先升后降的趋势,igf-1r为先降后升,mstn无显著差异。红肌中gh、myod含量逐渐降低,ghr、mstn不存在显著差异,igf-1与背部肌肉相似,先升后降,igf-1r先降后升。腹部肌肉中gh、ghr和igf-1表达情况与背部肌肉一致,igf-1r和myod的表达不存在显著差异。T2组和T4组背部肌肉肌纤维数目存在显著差异,且T4组肌纤维较T2组粗。研究表明,n-3/n-6不仅在一定程度上提高鱼体的WGR,且不同比例的n-3/n-6水平会影响血清GH的含量,不同部位肌肉组织中GH/IGF轴生长相关基因的水平也受饲料中n-3/n-6比例的影响。  相似文献   

草鱼体脂性状的变异特征及相关性     

姜鹏  卢薛  李胜杰  可小丽  马冬梅  樊佳佳  王俊杰 《水产学报》2019,43(7):1626-1634

为探究草鱼体脂性状的变异特征及相关性,采用数理统计方法对296尾17月龄草鱼的15个数量性状指标进行综合分析评价。结果显示,草鱼体脂性状(腹脂指数IPF、肝胰脏粗脂肪含量HLC、肌肉粗脂肪含量MLC)具有丰富的变异特征,变异系数范围为21.30%～47.04%。相关分析发现,草鱼3个体脂性状之间呈现显著正相关,表明草鱼脂质沉积在不同组织中具有一定的同步性。进一步的因子与聚类分析显示,观测的15个草鱼数量性状大致分为4类,包括体型因子、体尺因子、脏器指数因子和体脂含量因子,其中IPF归属于脏器指数因子,HLC和MLC二者组成体脂含量因子。多元统计分析发现,草鱼形态性状对3个体脂性状变异的解释量范围为7.45%～24.83%,相较而言,矢状面体型SS可在一定程度上预测体脂性状。研究表明,草鱼体脂性状具备较大的选育潜力,其中IPF整体显示出较好的关联性,可作为代表性目标性状用于育种实践。本研究为草鱼体脂性状选择育种提供了重要参考依据。  相似文献   

西藏渔业资源现状、存在问题及保护对策     

户国  都雪  程磊  纪锋  牟振波  马波  李雷  金星 《水产学杂志》2019,(3):58-64

西藏自治区是中国平均海拔最高、河流数量最多、湖泊面积最大的省区,也是西南重要安全屏障,战略地位尤为凸显。近年来,西藏雅鲁藏布江等重点水域受到外来物种入侵、过度捕捞、水电工程建设等人类活动影响,渔业资源出现衰退趋势。本团队在西藏拉萨、山南、林芝、日喀则等主要城市重点走访调研西藏渔业产业规模、渔业资源和设施装备建设现状,在雅鲁藏布江流域开展实地渔业资源环境科学考察,分析梳理西藏渔业产业、渔政队伍建设和渔业基础设施装备现状面临的主要问题及其影响因素,以期为了解西藏渔业产业发展和渔业资源现状提供必要的数据支撑,为有关部门制定涉及西藏渔业资源环境相关政策法规提供参考。  相似文献   

Preparation of liposome‐encapsulated interferon alpha (IFN‐α) vaccine and anti‐grass carp reovirus effect     

Xue‐Mei Yuan  Jia‐Yun Yao  Li Liu  Sun‐Jian Lv  Ling‐Yun Lin  Xiao‐Yi Pan  Gui‐Jie Hao  Jin‐Yu Shen 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2600-2607

  相似文献   

改进杂交晚稻育秧方式预防水稻黑条矮缩病     

杨登友  尹学兴  李克才 《中国植保导刊》2004,24(6):8-10

对比试验结果表明,杂交晚稻秧田不施或少施基肥和苗肥,培育青色、青黄色健壮秧苗,适当增加大田插本数,可以显著减少水稻黑条矮缩病发病率,增加产量。在对照区平均丛发病率12.8%,平均单产435.5kg/亩情况下,秧田不施肥,大田每丛插2本苗的丛发病率可控制在1%左右,亩产增加100kg上下。  相似文献   

昆虫迁飞过程中的定向行为   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴先福  ;封洪强;薛芳森;吴孔明 《植物保护》2006,32(5):1-5

迁飞是昆虫区域性灾变的重要因素之一,阐明昆虫在空中的运动过程对发展迁飞害虫预警体系有重要意义。昆虫空中运行过程由起飞、运转和降落三个阶段组成,近年来的研究证实多种昆虫具有主动定向的能力,迁飞过程中的共同定向行为决定平均位移速度、迁飞轨迹和降落区域。昆虫的定向机制包括太阳罗盘定向、地磁定向、星空标志定向、偏振光定向、对风漂移的补偿和风定向等。  相似文献   

广东省南药产业发展现状及对策建议          下载免费PDF全文

郑晶  薛春玲 《农业工程》2022,12(11):137-142

广东省是我国南药的优势产区,南药种类丰富、产业发展前景广阔。近十几年来,广东省南药产业飞速发展,种植面积和产值不断增长,产业化水平不断提升,但仍存在品种选择有一定盲目性、良种繁育水平亟待提升、种植模式优化和生产标准体系建设相对滞后、产业链整合程度有待提高、道地药材资源枯竭和濒危现象突出等问题。据此,提出优化产业发展格局、加强种质资源保护、推动产业科技创新、健全生产质量保障体系、塑造特色品牌、全产业链融合发展等建议,以期为推动广东省南药产业高质量发展提供借鉴和参考。   相似文献