Effects of AMF inoculation on growth of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer seedlings and on soil structures in mycorrhizosphere     

Eun Ju Cho  Do Jin Lee  Chi Do Wee  Hong Lim Kim  Yong Hwa Cheong  Ju Sik Cho  Bo Kyoon Sohn   《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,122(4):633-637

We aimed to investigate the effects of inoculating Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) by examining the root colonization, plant nutrition uptake, growth characteristics, and soil aggregation of P. ginseng seedlings inoculated at the time of transplantation. At 16 weeks, the AMF spore density per 30 g of fresh mycorrhizosphere in seedlings inoculated with AMF (AMF+ seedlings) was 256.8 and that in seedlings not inoculated with AMF (AMF− seedlings) was 186.3, respectively. The colonization rate of AMF in the lateral roots of AMF+ seedlings was approximately 19% higher than that in the lateral roots of AMF− seedlings. The patterns of AMF colonization in ginseng roots were similar to those of the Paris-type mycorrhizal association. Plant growth characteristics, such as plant height, root length, leaf area, number of lateral roots, fresh weight of shoots and roots, and chlorophyll content, were significantly enhanced in AMF+ seedlings compared to AMF− seedlings. The macronutrient content (P, K, and Ca) and micronutrient content (Cu, Fe, and Zn) of both shoots and roots were also significantly higher in AMF+ seedlings compared to AMF− seedlings. Furthermore, glomalin content and soil aggregation were significantly enhanced in AMF inoculated areas. Our results indicate that AMF inoculation may enhance the growth of ginseng seedlings by improving the uptake of mineral nutrients and the soil structure in mycorrhizosphere.  相似文献   

How much variation can be explained by seasonal,spatial and environmental effects in nekton assemblages of the Terminos Lagoon?     

Julia Ramos Miranda  David Mouillot  Atahualpa Sosa Lopez  Thang Do Chi  Domingo Flores Hernández 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(5):508-517

• 1. The coastline is very sensitive to both climatic and human influences but also provides essential goods and services upon which human welfare depends. Species inhabiting these coastal areas provide valuable resources and enhance ecosystem functioning: it is therefore essential to understand the main factors influencing species abundance patterns. The aim of this study is to estimate the amount of variation in nekton coastal assemblages explained by spatial, temporal and environmental variables.
• 2. Nekton sampling was carried out over 17 months in the Terminos Lagoon, a reserve area situated in the Gulf of Mexico, using a shrimp trawl. At each station, 11 environmental variables were recorded. The influence of seasonal, spatial and environmental variables on nekton species abundance was analysed using Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (PCCA).
• 3. The explanatory variables explained only 19.7% of the total observed variation in the nekton community for the Terminos Lagoon. The major part of the explained variation was due to the spatial effect (9.2%), while environmental variables and seasonality explained only 3.6% and 0.8%, respectively, suggesting the necessity to consider experimental fishing design in such artisanal fisheries.
• 4. Results also suggest focusing on more integrative indicators of community structure such as measures of taxonomic diversity based on presence/absence or on measures related to functional attributes of communities rather than using species abundance patterns to predict changes in coastal ecosystems.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of sterols and phlorotannins from Ecklonia stolonifera     

Na Y Yoon  Hae Y Chung  Hyeung R Kim  Jae E Choi 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(1):200-207

ABSTRACT:   As part of this study on the isolation of cholinesterase inhibitors from natural marine products, the bioactivity of the ethanolic extracts from 27 Korean seaweeds were screened using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory assays. Ecklonia stolonifera exhibited promising inhibitory properties against both AChE and BChE. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the active n -hexane and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fractions, obtained from the ethanolic extract of E. stolonifera , resulted in the isolation of the sterols; fucosterol ( 1 ) and 24-hydroperoxy 24-vinylcholesterol ( 2 ), from the n -hexane fraction and the phlorotannins; phloroglucinol ( 3 ), eckstolonol ( 4 ), eckol ( 5 ), phlorofucofuroeckol-A ( 6 ), dieckol ( 7 ), triphlorethol-A ( 8 ), 2-phloroeckol ( 9 ) and 7-phloroeckol ( 10 ), from the EtOAc fraction. Of these, compounds 2 , 9 and 10 were isolated from E. stolonifera for the first time. Compounds 4 – 7 , 9 and 10 exhibited inhibitory potential against AChE, with 50% inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) values of 42.66 ± 8.48, 20.56 ± 5.61, 4.89 ± 2.28, 17.11 ± 3.24, 38.13 ± 4.95 and 21.11 ± 4.16 μM, respectively; whereas, compounds 1 , 2 , 4 and 6 were found to be active against BChE, with IC₅₀ values of 421.72 ± 1.43, 176.46 ± 2.51, 230.27 ± 3.52 and 136.71 ± 3.33 μM, respectively. It has been suggested that the inhibition of these enzymes by the sterols and phlorotannins derived from marine brown algae could be a useful approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.  相似文献   

The grafting of recycled polyol from waste polyurethane foam onto new polyurethane and its impact on shape recovery and water vapor permeation     

Ha Youn Kim  Jae Won Choi  Yong-Chan Chung  Byoung Chul Chun 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(5):842-851

Recycled polyols from waste polyurethane (PU) foams were grafted onto PU to improve the properties such as tensile strength, shape recovery, low-temperature flexibility, and water compatibility. The recycled polyol was either purified by column chromatography before grafting or was used directly for grafting. The soft segment melting temperature of PU did not notably increase with the addition of polyol, whereas the glass transition temperature increased with increased polyol content. The tensile strength sharply increased at low polyol content and decreased at high polyol content, while the strain at break did not significantly change with an increase in polyol content. The shape recovery at 10 oC notably improved compared with unmodified PU and remained high after four cyclic tests. Polyol-grafted PU demonstrated better lowtemperature flexibility and reduced the water vapor permeability of PU membranes. Overall, grafting recycled polyol onto PU significantly improved the tensile stress, shape recovery, and low-temperature flexibility of PU.  相似文献   

Improvement of toughness for the hyaluronic acid and adipic acid dihydrazide hydrogel by PEG     

Xuebin Ma  Tingting Xu  Wei Chen  Rui Wang  Zheng Xu  Zhiwen Ye  Bo Chi 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(5):817-824

New applications call for many new requirements. In order to improve the toughness of aldehyde hyaluronic acid (A-HA) and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) hydrogel, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was added. PEG content and molecular weight have little effect on the gelation time, and the composite hydrogels can form in situ within 20 seconds at room temperature. The press test showed that the hydrogels containing PEG possessed a better compression resistance, after pressed more than five times, the composite hydrogels could restore. Rheological properties were measured to evaluate the working ability and the effect of PEG on hydrogels. By analyzing the shear viscosity (η _γ=0.01), yield stress (σ ₀) and threshold shear stress (σ _c ), the addition of PEG can make the structure of composite hydrogels get loose and improve the shear resistance. Especially, PEG800 can enhance the antishear ability obviously. The amplitude sweep tests showed a broad linear viscoelastic region, indicating a wide processing range. In the meanwhile, we also found that PEG can improve the optical transmittance of xerogel evidently.  相似文献   

6个龙眼品种(品系)果实生长发育观察及果实品质比较     

黄春亮  陆驰  黄立平  甘敏健  黄永祥  李鸿莉 《南方园艺》2017,28(6)

以石硖、桂明一号、越南迟熟、杂交1-3、杂交2-7和桂龙晚龙眼为材料,研究6个龙眼品种(品系)果实生长发育规律和果实品质,了解6个龙眼品种(品系)在贵港市农业科学研究所的引种表现。结果表明:(1)从6个龙眼果实纵径生长变化曲线可以得出:石硖、桂明一号、越南迟熟、杂交2-7龙眼果实纵径变化呈现"快-慢-快-慢"的规律,而杂交1-3则为"慢-快-慢",桂龙晚果实纵径变化为"慢-快-慢-快"的规律;石硖、桂明一号、越南迟熟、杂交1-3和杂交2-7龙眼的果实横径基本保持平稳的增长速率,而桂龙晚果实横径变化呈现"慢-快-慢-快"的规律;(2)6个龙眼品种果实品质方面,桂明一号果实纵横经和单果重最大,其次是杂交2-7,再者是越南迟熟和桂龙晚,四个品种果实均比石硖龙眼大,杂交1-3果实最小;在可食率方面杂交2-7最高,桂明一号、石硖居中,其余品种均比石硖的可食率低,越南迟熟可食率最低;在可溶性固形物方面杂交1-3最高、其次是石硖和杂交2-7,其余品种的可容性固形物含量不相上下;成熟期最早的是石硖龙眼,其次是杂交1-3和杂交2-7,再次是越南迟熟和桂明一号,桂龙晚表现特晚熟。  相似文献   

基于BP神经网络的旁热式辐射与对流粮食干燥过程模型   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

代爱妮  周晓光  刘相东  刘景云  张驰 《农业机械学报》2017,48(3):351-360

针对旁热式辐射与对流粮食干燥机的干燥特点,建立了一种粮食干燥机干燥过程的BP神经网络预测模型。该模型采用了3层神经网络结构(8-10-1),模型输入为粮食干燥机的8个变量,模型输出为出口粮食水分比或干燥速率。通过编写Matlab建模程序,基于实际干燥实验的样本数据训练与测试网络,实现了红外辐射与对流联合干燥的动力学模型,并给出了相应的模型数学表达式,模型预测的出口水分比与干燥速率的R2分别为0.998 9和0.998 0,均方根误差分别为0.009和0.004 1,预测结果与实际测量数据拟合较好;另外,结合实验干燥条件对模型干燥性能的预测结果进行了分析与总结,并依据同样方法建立了顺逆流粮食干燥过程的出口粮食水分比预测模型,对比了2种干燥方式的干燥性能。仿真预测表明用BP神经网络方法建模简单,具有自适应性、灵活性和自学习性等特点,相比于其他粮食干燥的经验数学模型,能综合考虑多种影响因素,可为红外辐射与对流联合干燥过程提供一种新的建模方法。  相似文献   

FSAE赛车发动机进气系统设计     

郑颖  弋驰 《湖南农机》2017,44(2)

文章主要对FSAE赛车发动机进气系统进行分析,从而在符合大赛规则的前提下设计出符合FSAE赛车高速性能要求的进气系统,即在赛车发动机进气系统中安装稳压腔.首先利用CATIA软件绘制两种进气系统的3D模型(含有稳压腔和不含稳压腔),再将其导入到ANSYS软件中进行模拟仿真分析,通过比较分析证明带稳压腔的进气系统在进气速度的均匀性与进气压力稳定性上均具有一定的优势.  相似文献   

省级农业科研院所激励评价指标体系构建——以福建省农业科学院为例     

刘宇峰  叶少荫  池敏青  杨艳 《农业科研经济管理》2021,(4):28-34

为深化科技体制机制改革,贯彻落实创新驱动发展战略,积极推进科研院所治理体系和治理能力现代化建设,省级农业科研院所如何贯彻落实好中央和省里赋予科研单位的管理自主权,进一步完善以科研业绩和实际贡献为导向的激励分配机制,是当前科研院所深化改革的重要任务。文章以福建省农业科学院为例,阐述该院激励评价体系的建设现状,分析其激励制度存在的问题,从科研院所激励评价指标体系建设的原则和路径切入,构建了一套省级农业科研院所激励评价指标体系,为积极推进省级农业科研院所激励分配机制改革提供了一种制度设计,是科研院所治理体系和治理能力现代化建设理论与实践有机结合的积极探索。  相似文献   

基于PDA的外来入侵物种数据采集系统设计与实现     

陈宏  赵建  邱荣洲  池美香  翁启勇 《农机化研究》2011,33(4)

为了提高外来入侵物种数据采集的规范性、准确性及数据传输的时效性,在分析外来入侵物种数据特点和数据采集需求的基础上,提出基于PDA的外来人侵物种数据采集系统的设计方案.系统以C#编程语言为开发工具,以SQL CE数据库为数据存储方式,结合GPS,WCF和Microsoft sync Framework等技术手段,实现了外来入侵物种数据采集、数据存储和数据上传等功能,提高了外来先入侵物种数据采集的工作效率.  相似文献