Effect of crop residue biochar on soil acidity amelioration in strongly acidic tea garden soils     

L. Wang  C. R. Butterly  Y. Wang  H. M. S. K. Herath  Y. G. Xi  X. J. Xiao 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(1):119-128

Strongly acidic soil (e.g. pH < 5.0) is detrimental to tea productivity and quality. Wheat, rice and peanut biochar produced at low temperature (max 300 °C) and differing in alkalinity content were incorporated into Xuan‐cheng (Ultisol; initial pH_{soil/water = 1/2.5} 4.12) and Ying‐tan soil (Ultisol; initial pH _{soil/water = 1/2.5} 4.75) at 10 and 20 g/kg (w/w) to quantify their liming effect and evaluate their effectiveness for acidity amelioration of tea garden soils. After a 65‐day incubation at 25 °C, biochar application significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil pH and exchangeable cations and reduced Al saturation of both tea soils. Association of H⁺ ions with biochar and decarboxylation processes was likely to be the main factor neutralizing soil acidity. Further, biochar application reduced acidity production from the N cycle. Significant (P < 0.05) increases in exchangeable cations and reductions in exchangeable acidity and Al saturation were observed as the rate of biochar increased, but there were no further effects on soil pH. The lack of change in soil pH at the higher biochar rate may be due to the displacement of exchangeable acidity and the high buffering capacity of biochar, thereby retarding a further liming effect. Hence, a significant linear correlation between reduced exchangeable acidity and alkalinity balance was found in biochar‐amended soils (P < 0.05). Low‐temperature biochar of crop residues is suggested as a potential amendment to ameliorate acidic tea garden soils.  相似文献   

当代大学生共产主义信念的群体差异调查——以广东省六所高校调查情况为例     

郝志刚  林涌谋  陈曦 《安徽农业大学学报》2010,(2):110-114

青年大学生能否树立正确的理想信念不仅关系到个人的成长成才，而且关系到国家和民族的发展方向。基于对广东省六所高校大学生的调查显示，党员大学生、入党积极分子大学生和普通大学生三类不同群体在如何看待坚持马克思主义意识形态的主导地位等几个重大问题上存在不同程度差异。针对此现象，提出以加强社会主义核心价值观教育为突破口，坚定大学生共产主义信念。  相似文献   

对新引进IR不育系的观察与评价   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

章善庆  童汉华 《杂交水稻》1999,14(1):11-12

从印度引进１５个ＩＲＲＩ育成的不育系和相应的保持系，在中国水稻研究所试验基地（富阳）观测其育性及主要农艺性状，并初步配组测产。结果表明，１０个不育系育性稳定，符合标准；ＩＲ５８０２５Ａ与明恢６３、Ｔ９０１０配组，其杂种产量与汕优６３相仿，但生育期较短、米质较优。  相似文献   

Effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia     

ZHANG Zhan  JIA Li-ting  HOU Lei  WANG Xue-mei  CHANG Cai-hong  YANG Ru-jing  ZHANG Xi  LIU Sheng-hong  ZHENG Fang  GONG Fei-li 《园艺学报》2005,21(12):2457-2461

AIM: To detect the effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia. METHODS: The peripheral blood and umbilical blood from severe pre-eclamptic patients and normal late pregnant women were collected. NK cells were seperated in percoll and counted by SAP. The proliferating ability of NK cells was measured by MTT and killing power of NK cells was determined by ［51Cr］ releasing test. The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the quantity of NK cells and the expression of HLA-G in placenta of them. RESULTS: (1) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, the counts of the NK cells in peripheral blood, umbilical blood and decidua of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, proliferating and killing ability of NK cells in peripheral blood and umbilical blood of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher. (3) The expression of HLA-G protein in placenta of severe pre-eclampsia group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The quantity of NK cells in severe pre-eclamptic patients is increased with stronger biologic function. They may be related with the pathogenesis of severe pre-eclampsia.  相似文献   

南美斑潜蝇在蚕豆上的为害规律   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

秦玉川  和鸣  王勇  王俊华  习灿琼 《植物保护学报》2001,28(1):93-94

在云南丽江地区较为系统地研究了南美斑潜蝇在蚕豆上的发生为害习性及与有关生态因子的关系。本研究可为该虫的综合治理提供一定依据。 1 材料与方法 1.1 田间取样与调查方法:在丽江县城郊选择两块蚕豆地,每块地约为0.33hm~2,品种为丽江青皮,为冬性品种。自蚕豆出苗后(11月中旬)开始定点、定株、定叶调查,一直到蚕豆收获为止(5月中旬)。采用5点取样法,每点调查20株,每株自下而上按叶位进行调查,每叶位固定1片叶子,每隔5d调查1次。调查成虫取食孔(分级计数)、幼虫潜食斑(分级计数)和幼虫蛀道数。  相似文献   

安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊及其杂种后代的DNA指纹分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王杰  沈富军  欧阳熙  王永  覃志红 《中国畜牧杂志》2001,37(3):13-15

以 (CA/GATA/TCC) 5探针 ,HinfI酶切 ,研究安哥拉山羊和建昌黑山羊及安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊级进杂交的F2 、F3的DNA指纹图谱。结果 ,在供试山羊中 ,个体平均检出 1 8.2± 0 .4条谱带 ,安哥拉山羊、F2 、F3的鉴别机率分别为 1 .38× 1 0 - 12 ,1 .1 8× 1 0 - 13,0 .50× 1 0 - 10 ;群体内相似系数安哥拉山羊为0 .4 539,F2 为 0 .4 0 77,F3为 0 .61 1 1 ;亲子鉴定的父权概率W =0 .9889;安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊比较 ,2 .3kb和 8.6kb谱带为安哥拉山羊的特异谱带  相似文献   

农艺措施对大豆籽粒蛋白质和脂肪含量的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

宁海龙  杨庆凯  李文霞  宋喜清  王继安  孔凡江 《东北农业大学学报》2001,32(4):332-335

探讨了栽培密度、撒可富专用肥、思德富多元长效肥等农艺措施对大豆籽粒蛋白质和脂肪含量的影响。结果表明 ,密度对蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和蛋白脂肪总含量的影响不大。在各种栽培密度中 ,品种九三 97- 6 0是在 30万株 /hm2 时籽粒的蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和蛋白脂肪总含量均达到最高值 ,而对于品种九三 96 - 12 7来说 ,是在 2 5万株 /hm2 时三者达到最高。并且 ,蛋白质含量、脂肪含量及蛋白脂肪总含量对栽培密度敏感程度因品种而异。撒可富专用肥和思德富多元长效肥均使蛋白质含量增加 ,使脂肪含量降低。施用撒可富专用肥后 ,蛋白脂肪总含量变化因处理而异。施用思德富后 ,蛋白脂肪总含量有所增加。  相似文献   

陇西南塬区农业生产系统结构与效益研究     

赵有璋  金晓 《家畜生态》1995,16(3):1-6

本研究通过对陇西南塬区农业生产系统的结构分析，确认该系统的特征为产业结构不合理（以种植业为主），种植业以粮食生产为主，复种指数低（１１１％）；养殖业中草食家畜比例低，饲养技术落后，良种率低；林果业效益低下；人口密度高，劳动力过剩，生产能源短缺等。通过系统分析提出了调控方针，该系统整体效益提高的关键是发展以草食家畜为核心的养殖业，种植业应及时调整结构，提高经济作物和饲料作物的比例，提高复种指数，林果  相似文献   

振动胁迫对杨梅果实采后衰老生理的影响   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

郑永华  陈宗良 《园艺学报》1996,23(3):231-234

振动胁迫促进杨梅果实的衰老，表现为促进膜诱性的增加和ＳＯＤ活性与精胺含量的下降。但在振动胁迫后的贮藏初期，果实多源精胺的合成明显增加，而乙烯产生量明显降低，这可能是杨梅果实抗振动胁迫的一种应激机制。而在振动胁迫后的贮藏后期，果实的精胺含量降低，腐胺积累较多，乙烯产生量较高，表明振动胁迫最终促进果实的全面衰老。  相似文献   

Influence of dietary cobalt source and concentration on performance, vitamin B12 status, and ruminal and plasma metabolites in growing and finishing steers   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Tiffany ME  Spears JW  Xi L  Horton J 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(12):3151-3159

Sixty Angus steers, averaging 274 kg, were used to evaluate the effects of Co source and concentration on performance, vitamin B12 status, and metabolic characteristics of steers. Treatments consisted of 0 (control, analyzed 0.04 mg Co/kg), 0.05, 0.10, and 1.0 mg of supplemental Co/kg of DM from CoCO3 or 0.05 and 0.10 mg of supplemental Co/kg of DM from Co propionate. Steers were individually fed a growing diet for 56 d followed by a high-concentrate finishing diet. Performance was not affected by Co supplementation during the growing phase. During the finishing phase, ADFI (DM basis) and ADG were higher (P < 0.05) for the entire finishing phase, and gain:feed was higher (P < 0.10) over the first 56 d for Co-supplemented steers. Steers supplemented with 0.10 mg Co/kg as Co propionate had higher (P < 0.05) ruminal propionate and lower (P < 0.05) acetate molar proportions than steers receiving 0.10 Co/kg as CoCO3 during the growing phase. Supplemental Co increased (P < 0.10) molar proportion of propionate during the finishing phase. Plasma vitamin B12 was higher (P < 0.05) in Co-supplemented steers by d 56 of the growing phase and remained higher (P < 0.10) throughout the study. Control steers had higher (P < 0.05) plasma methylmalonic acid on d 56 of the growing phase and on d 28, 56, and 112 of the finishing phase than steers receiving supplemental Co. Steers supplemented with Co had higher plasma glucose at d 56 (P < 0.01), 84 (P < 0.10), and 112 (P < 0.01) of the finishing phase. Steers supplemented with 0.10 mg Co/kg as Co propionate had higher plasma glucose than those receiving 0.10 mg Co/kg as CoCO3 at d 28 of the growing phase (P < 0.05) and d 28 of the finishing phase (P < 0.10). Final body weight and hot carcass weight were lower (P < 0.10) in steers receiving the control diet, whereas other carcass characteristics were not affected by dietary Co. Average daily gain and feed efficiency for the entire finishing phase did not differ among Co-supplemented steers. However, increasing supplemental Co above 0.05 mg/kg DM (total diet Co = 0.09 mg/kg) resulted in increased (P < 0.01) plasma (linear) and liver (quadratic) vitamin B12 concentrations and decreased (quadratic, P < 0.10) plasma methylmalonic acid concentrations toward the end of the finishing phase. These results suggest that finishing steers require approximately 0.15 mg Co/kg of DM. Vitamin B12 status was not affected by Co source; however, the two Co sources seemed to affect certain metabolites differently.  相似文献