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81.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin K (menadione) on bone quality in cage-raised broilers. Three hundred and sixty male broilers were randomly allotted to one of six treatments, with six replicate pens per treatment and 10 chicks per pen. Broilers were fed one of six diets including a control diet or the control diet plus graded levels of vitamin K (0.5 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, 32 mg/kg and 128 mg/kg). Water and feed were provided ad libitum during the 7-week experimental period. Results indicated that vitamin K supplementation of broilers diets significantly effected bone quality and feed efficiency. The treatment containing vitamin K at 8 mg/kg improved growth performance (during weeks 6-7) and bone quality (during weeks 0-3). In our study, hydroxyapatite binding capacity of serum osteocalcin (during weeks 0-3), bone breaking strength, bone flexibility, bone ash weight increased linearly (P < 0.05) and bone mineral density, bone mineral content increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with increasing supplementation of vitamin K. In conclusion, to gain optimum bone quality and broiler performance, our studies suggest that the concentration of vitamin K in broilers diets should be 8 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg, for the starter, grower and finisher phases, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that the starter period is an important phase for improving bone quality. In addition, this study validated the mechanism of vitamin K effects on bone quality. Vitamin K boosts the carboxylation of osteocalcin and decreases the concentration of serum under-carboxylated osteocalcin enhancing hydroxyapatite binding capacity of serum osteocalcin and improving bone quality. 相似文献
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84.
优化了S1核酸酶突变检测体系,结果表明(1)扩增法比杂交法产生异源双链DNA更节省时间;(2)PCR产物可以直接作为突变检测的底物;(3)适当降低反应温度、适当增加反应缓冲液中的NaCl浓度、适当缩短反应时间可提高突变检测效果。 相似文献
85.
大白菜耐热性遗传效应研究 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17
以两组耐热和热敏感的大白菜对应亲本(177与276;176与279)及其杂交、回交世代(F1、F2、B1、B2)为材料进行耐热性遗传模型分析和遗传参数估算,得到一致的结果:大白菜的耐热性符合加性-显性-上位性模型,以加性遗传效应为主,兼有上位性效应,显性效应不显著。广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均较高。以耐热和热敏感的5个代表性亲本材料采用Grifing的双列杂交方法Ⅱ配制杂交组合进行配合力分析,结果表明:加性遗传方差组分很高,而显性遗传方差组分很小,与上述结果一致。同时,耐热亲本材料176和177均有较高的一般配合力效应值,是耐热性选育的较好亲本材料。 相似文献
86.
BA—Dot—ELISA检测牛结核血清抗体的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用BA—Dot—ELISA检测72份结核变反阳性牛血清,阳性率为69.5%,比常规ELISA(44.4%)高。用该法检测布鲁氏菌病、粘膜病、传染性鼻气管炎、白血病病牛血清及堪萨斯分枝杆菌、偶发分枝杆菌高免牛血清均无交叉反应,但对50份副结核变反阳性牛血清出现了一定的交叉。该法重复性好,简便快速,结果判定不需特殊仪器。 相似文献
87.
T Sekizaki Y Nakasato I Nonomura 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(3):493-499
Chicken pathogenic Escherichia coli strains were found to autoagglutinate in a static culture of trypticase soy broth (TSB). One strain, designated PDI-386, was further studied for its autoagglutinating property. Acidity in the cultured medium caused by glucose degradation induced the autoagglutination. The bacterial cells grown in a glucose-free L-broth could be aggregated by adding acid, which suggests a potentiality of autoagglutination of the strain grown in the L-broth. The autoagglutinating parent (Agg) formed small colonies with irregular edges like rough colonies on the TS agar, whereas its non-autoagglutinating variant (Nag) formed larger smooth colonies with a perfectly round edge. The Nag colony was easily generated from the Agg colony on the TS agar. The autoagglutinating property was very unstable when the bacteria was passed in the TSB, but rather stable in the L-broth. Under electron microscope, the Agg were found to possess pili of more than 20 microns in length. However, the phenotypic expression of autoagglutination did not correlate with that of mannose-sensitive hemagglutination against guinea pig erythrocytes. Incubation of the Nag in the L-broth at room temperature for more than 10 days provoked the reversion of the autoagglutination. There was no difference between the Agg and the Nag in terms of surface hydrophobicity, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of membrane proteins and LPS, and plasmid profiles. The virulence of the Agg was higher than that of the Nag. The autoagglutination property is, however, so unstable that the pathogenicity of E. coli isolates from chickens should be carefully evaluated. 相似文献
88.
Characterization of phosphate species in urban sewage sludges by high-resolution solid-state 31 P NMR
The mineral forms of phosphorus in three urban sewage sludges were characterized using high-resolution solid-state phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) coupled to a sequential extraction. The sludges studied were an anaerobically-digested and heat-treated sludge (Paris-Achères), an activated sludge (Briare) and an anaerobically-digested sludge (Nancy). NMR observations were conducted using both single-pulse and cross-polarization sequences in order to distinguish between 31P nuclei far from 1H nuclei, and 31P located within a fraction of a nanometre of 1H. This approach showed that a complex mixture of P species was present in these sludges. A mixture of hydrogenated octocalcium phosphates and apatites was observed in the three samples. Monetite was present in the anaerobically-digested sludge and brushite in the activated sludge. Dehydrogenated condensed calcium phosphates (compounds with a Ca:P ratio higher than 1.0 such as fluorapatite or tricalcium phosphate) and dehydrogenated pyrophosphates were also probably present in the anaerobically-digested sludge. A poorly-ordered wavellite was observed in the three sludges after the HCl extraction. However, results were inconclusive as to whether this mineral was present in the three sludges, or had been precipitated during the sequential extraction. 相似文献
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90.
松针叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏中含有β-胡萝卜素、维生素E、叶绿素等生物活性物质,这些物质的不足之处是稳定性较差.试验结果表明,松针叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏在室、温避光条件下贮藏1年,不同品种产品中生物活性物质降低幅度是不同的.马尾松针叶叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏产品中生物活性物质降低幅度分别为(%):β-胡萝卜素12.4,维生素E9.9,叶绿素10.4;赤松针叶叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏产品中生物活性物质降低幅度分别为(%):β-胡萝卜素25,1,维生素E.16.4,叶绿素12.8;樟子松针叶叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏产品中生物活性物质降低幅度分别为(%):β-胡萝卜素14.8,维生素E12.3,叶绿素24.0.马尾松针叶叶绿素-胡萝卜素软膏产品,在室温避光条件下贮藏15年,β-胡萝卜素损失48.1%,维生素E损失18.9%,叶绿素损失29.6%. 相似文献