Dietary animal proteins alter monoamine metabolism in the brain     

Mao NAGASAWA  Tatsuro MURAKAMI  Mikako SATO  Yoshihisa TAKAHATA  Fumiki MORIMATSU  Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):493-498

Several amino acids have effects on mental function, including sedative, antidepressant‐like and anxiolytic‐like effects. However, the influence of integrated amino acid nutrition as protein constituents on mental function remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the influence of chicken, pork and beef protein extracts on brain monoamine metabolism in mice. Changes in monoamine levels and their turnover rates in the brain were induced by different protein sources. In particular, chicken protein group showed the highest norepinephrine levels in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, and beef protein extract caused an activation of the serotonergic system in the hypothalamus, although there were no significant differences in amino acid compositions of these protein extracts. Therefore, it was revealed that amino acid compositions in dietary protein did not induce alteration in monoamine metabolism. However, there were differences in small molecular peptides, such as creatine, carnosine and anserine levels in animal protein extracts. In conclusion, monoamine metabolism was altered by dietary protein sources. However, it was indicated that the alteration in monoamine metabolism may be independent from amino acid compositions in dietary protein. In addition, alteration in monoamine metabolism depending on the dietary protein sources may be induced by small molecular peptides.  相似文献   

Impacts of acute imipramine treatment on plasma and brain amino acid metabolism in mice given graded levels of dietary chicken protein     

Mao NAGASAWA  Tatsuro MURAKAMI  Shozo TOMONAGA  Mikako SATO  Yoshihisa TAKAHATA  Fumiki MORIMATSU  Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(12):777-787

Several studies have shown a relationship between depression and animal protein intake. To evaluate whether the difference of dietary chicken protein levels induces an antidepressant‐like effect and potentiates acute antidepressant effects, three levels of dietary chicken protein were used as the representative animal protein with imipramine used as the antidepressant. In addition, the effects of dietary chicken protein on brain metabolism were evaluated. Open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST) were conducted on the 27th and 28th days, respectively. OFT and FST were not influenced by both imipramine and dietary protein levels. However, characteristic effects of imipramine treatment on brain monoamine metabolism were observed in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. In addition, dietary protein significantly increased taurine and L‐ornithine levels even though these amino acids were not contained in the diets. In conclusion, the metabolism of several amino acids in the plasma and brain were altered by dietary chicken protein.  相似文献   

Changes in circulating adiponectin and metabolic hormone concentrations during periparturient and lactation periods in Holstein dairy cows     

Yoshihisa OHTANI  Tatsuyuki TAKAHASHI  Katsuyoshi SATO  Astrid ARDIYANTI  Sang‐Houn SONG  Reiichiro SATO  Ken ONDA  Yasunori WADA  Yoshiaki OBARA  Keiichi SUZUKI  Akihiko HAGINO  Sang‐gun ROH  Kazuo KATOH 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(12):788-795

Although our previous report demonstrated that adiponectin and AdipoR1 gene expressions changed among different lactation stages in the bovine mammary gland, its in vivo kinetics remain unclear in ruminant animals. In this study, we investigated the changes in circulating concentrations of adiponectin, as well as other metabolic hormones and metabolites, (i) during the periparturient period and (ii) among different lactation stages, in Holstein dairy cows. In experiment 1, serum adiponectin concentrations increased after parturition. Serum insulin concentrations were lower in the postpartum than prepartum period, whereas serum growth hormone (GH) concentrations increased in the postpartum period. Serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels were increased during the postpartum period and were dependent on the parity. In experiment 2, there was no significant difference in plasma adiponectin concentrations among lactational stages. Plasma insulin concentrations tended to be lower in early lactation while plasma GH levels tended to be higher. Plasma NEFA concentrations were significantly lower in mid‐ and late‐lactation stages than non‐lactation stages. These findings indicate that elevation of serum adiponectin might be involved in energy metabolism just around parturition, and might exert its action through regulation of receptor expression levels in target tissues in each lactational stage in Holstein dairy cows.  相似文献   

The evaluation of the curd forming ability of milk replacers     

Keiji OKADA  Junro KATO  Tamako MIYAZAKI  Kentaro IKUTA  Yoshihisa NAITO  Jun YASUDA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(1):12-18

Inadequate milk curd formation in the abomasum of newborn calves causes malnutrition and diarrhea. In order to define the factors of inadequate curd formation, we compared the curd forming ability among 9 kinds of milk replacers, bulk milk (raw milk), and skim milk both in vitro and in vivo . When rennet was added, the raw milk and one milk replacer formed firm curds. The rest of the milk replacers and skim milk did not form any curd. When a solution of HCl was added, raw milk, three milk replacers and skim milk formed the curd at pH 4.5, but the other milk replacers did not. When HCl was added following the rennet, raw milk, one milk replacer and skim milk formed the curd. In vivo , raw milk, two milk replacers and skim milk showed good curd formation whereas the other milk replacers showed poor curd formation inside the abomasums of the calves. This study showed that most of the milk replacers sold in Japan could not form the curd with rennet.  相似文献   

Reduction of concanavalin A-induced expression of interferon-gamma by bovine lactoferrin in feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kobayashi S  Sato R  Inanami O  Yamamori T  Yamato O  Maede Y  Sato J  Kuwabara M  Naito Y 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,105(1-2):75-84

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Surgical correction of a partial atrioventricular septal defect with a ventricular septal defect in a dog     

Akiyama M  Tanaka R  Maruo K  Yamane Y 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2005,41(2):137-143

Echocardiography of a dog with a cardiac murmur revealed an ostium primum septal defect, a ventricular septal defect, and mitral valve malformation with regurgitation. The mitral valve and tricuspid valve were separated and displaced at the same level as the ventricular septum. The mitral valve had a cleft in the septal cusp. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography showed a left-to-right shunt and a "goose-neck sign," which indicated an elongated left ventricular outflow tract. The diagnosis of a partial atrioventricular septal defect with ventricular septal defect was made. Surgical correction was successfully performed under extracorpo-real circulation using a cardiopulmonary bypass system.  相似文献   

Genetic and antigenic analyses of bovine respiratory syncytial virus detected in Japan     

Yaegashi G  Seimiya YM  Seki Y  Tsunemitsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(2):145-150

Genetic and antigenic analyses of bovine respiratory syncytial virus were conducted on 12 field strains from Tohoku and Hokuriku districts in Japan during from 2002 to 2004. On the phylogenetic tree of the nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein region, the examined strains fell in the same cluster as the strain isolated in Nebraska and were classified as the subgroup III. The examined strains were subdivided into 2 lineages (A, B). Isoleucine 200 of the epitope domain was replaced by threonine as a feature of the lineage B strains. The examined strains showed the nucleotide sequence homologies of 88.3-93.3% with the known Japanese strains classified as the subgroup II and of 86.1-96.6% with those in the subgroup III. No significant difference was found on the neutralization index between the examined strain and the 52-163-13 phylogenetically similar to the Japanese vaccine one. The results suggest that the subgroup III strains have existed in Japan and that epidemics of the strains could be protected due to the present vaccination.  相似文献   

Changes of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in dry and lactational cows     

Sato J  Kanata M  Yasuda J  Sato R  Okada K  Seimiya Y  Naito Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(8):813-815

Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were measured during dry and lactational periods to investigate the influence of lactation on serum ALP activity in cows. Higher levels of serum ALP activity were seen in lactational periods than in dry periods. The serum activities of bone-specific ALP (BALP), liver ALP (LALP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and aspartate aminotransferase also increased in lactational periods. ALP activities in the bone extract and in whey were decreased at similar rates by the addition of lectin. Moreover, since the ALP band in whey was observed to have the same migration in polyacrylamide gel (PAG) disk electrophoresis as that of the bone extract, analysis of ALP isoenzymes by lectin affinity or PAG disk electrophoresis could not distinguish ALP originating from the mammary gland from that of bone. In this study, it was clear that the increased level of serum ALP activity was due to increases of BALP and LALP in lactational periods. However, the extent of the influence of ALP originating from the mammary glands on serum ALP activity was unknown. Judging from changes of BALP and TRAP activities in the serum and the correlation between the both, it was guessed that ALP originating from the mammary glands influenced serum ALP activity.  相似文献   

Implantation of permanent transvenous endocardial pacemaker in a dog with atrioventricular block     

Kobayashi M  Hoshi K  Hirao H  Shimizu M  Shimamura S  Akiyama M  Tanaka R  Maruo K  Yamane Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(10):1131-1134

A 10-year old male mongrel dog was presented to the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a two-month history of episodic syncope. Twenty-four hr Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) recording revealed frequent episodes of advanced atrioventriculer block with long periods of ventricular asystole. The cause of syncope was determined to be Adams-Stokes syndrome exhibited bradyarrhythmia. After the animal failed to respond to medical therapy, permanent transvenous pacemaker implantation was performed. Postoperative Holter ECG showed 100 beat per min programmed pacemaker rhythm, which indicated successful capture of the artificial pacing. The dog recovered smoothly from the operation and syncopal episodes completely disappeared. Six months after the surgery, no complications were observed and the dog's quality of life has dramatically improved.  相似文献   

Association between changes in plasma calcium concentration and plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in periparturient cows     

Sato J  Sato R  Takagi A  Goto T  Okada K  Yasuda J  Naito Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(2):291-293

Eight periparturient Holstein Friesian cows were examined for plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity to assess the degree of bone metabolic activity and to evaluate the association between the change in calcium (Ca) concentration and bone metabolism during the periparturient period. Milk fever occurred in 1 of 8 cows just after parturition. Plasma TRAP activities did not markedly change in 5 of 8 cows during the experimental period. The changing rate of Ca between preparturition and just after parturition was under -20% in 3 of 8 cows, and low TRAP activities were observed in 2 of these 3 cows. This study suggests that cows with a low TRAP activity are at risk of developing milk fever in comparison to cows with high TRAP activity. Temporary increases of parathyroid hormone were observed in 7 cows, but not in the cow with milk fever.  相似文献