Effects of dopamine infusion on cardiac and renal blood flows in dogs     

Furukawa S  Nagashima Y  Hoshi K  Hirao H  Tanaka R  Maruo K  Yamane Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(1):41-44

In veterinary medicine, dopamine is currently being administered clinically by infusion for treatment of kidney disorders at low doses (< or = 3 microg/kg/min) and for assessment of hemodynamics at high doses (> or = 5 microg/kg/min). However, since high doses of dopamine cause peripheral vasoconstriction due to its effect on alpha adrenoceptors, high doses have no longer been recommended. The present study was conducted to explore possible regimens for the use of dopamine infusion in dogs. The regional (renal and cardiac) blood flow for 60 min was measured by using colored microspheres at three doses (3, 10 and 20 microg/kg/min) of dopamine infusion in healthy anesthetized mongrel dogs. The effects on kidney and peripheral hemodynamics at each dose and the resultant cardiac output, mean arterial blood pressure and total peripheral resistance were determined. Renal blood flow increased markedly at 3 microg/kg/min dopamine. Improvement in hemodynamics indicated by marked increase in cardiac blood flow, cardiac output and mean arterial blood pressure and decreased total peripheral resistance was observed at higher doses (10 and 20 microg/kg/min). At 10 microg/kg/min, in addition to the satisfactory increase in cardiac blood flow, there was also a stable satisfactory increase in renal blood flow. However, at 20 microg/kg/min, increased myocardial oxygen consumption (manifested by marked increased in cardiac output), arrythmia and irregular increase in renal blood flow were detected. This study suggests that the clinical use of dopamine infusion in dogs could be safely expanded to moderately higher doses.  相似文献   

The effect of heating against Cryptosporidium oocysts     

Fujino T  Matsui T  Kobayashi F  Haruki K  Yoshino Y  Kajima J  Tsuji M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(3):199-200

The effect of heat treatment was examined against oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium muris and chicken Cryptosporidium sp. isolated in Japan. The oocysts of these species were exposed at 50, 55, 60 and 70 degrees C for 5, 15, 30 and 60 sec in water bath, respectively. To determine the infectivity of heated oocysts, the nice and chickens were inoculated with the treated oocysts and the oocyst output in the feces after inoculation was examined. In C. parvum and chicken Cryptosporidium sp., the oocysts were not detected from mice or chickens which were received oocysts heated at 55 degrees C for 30 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec. In C. muris, the oocysts were not detected from mice which were received oocysts heated at 55 degrees C for 15 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec. Consequently, it was clarified that the infectivity of Cryptosporidium oocysts to mice and chickens was lost by heating at 55 degrees C for 30 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec.  相似文献   

Change of fatty acid composition of white adipose tissue with increasing age in Syrian hamster fed alfalfa or cereal based diet     

Yoshihito SUDA  Hisashi SHINOHARA  Toshiyasu YAMAGUCHI  Toshiaki MATSUDA  Kazuki NAKAGAWA  Yukiko OHTOMO  Akira NISHIDA  Toshihiro YAMAGISHI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(1):43-47

The present study's aim was to investigate change of fatty acid composition of white adipose tissue with increasing age in Syrian hamster fed continuously alfalfa (LU) or cereal based diet (F2). A total of 43 Syrian hamsters with male and female, 22 head maintained with mating between sibling in a close herd fed F2 (GN) and 21 head selected for long‐term for large number of weaning pups per a mater using GN fed LU (ALF), were used. Fatty acid composition in adipose tissues taken from the back leg subcutaneous depot, periphery of kidney and reproductive organs at 3, 8 and 13 weeks of age were determined by using a gas chromatograph. Carbon (C)18:0 in GN tended to decrease and C18:1 increased significantly with increasing age, suggesting that Δ9‐desaturase had related adaptively. C18:3 in ALF increased significantly with increasing age. The present results indicate that, although the composition in unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) in both herds was different, the ratio of USFA to saturated fatty acid increased with increasing age suggesting that USFA in GN fed F2 was at a high level compared with in ALF fed LU.  相似文献   

A novel method of acetylation of wood using supercritical carbon dioxide     

Masahiro Matsunaga  Yutaka Kataoka  Hiroshi Matsunaga  Hiroaki Matsui 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(4):293-298

Sugi heartwood was acetylated with acetic anhydride in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) (120°C or 130°C, 10–12 MPa). As a result, the weight percent gain increased with increasing acetylation time up to 16%–20% at 1 h and 24%–28% at 24 h. The antiswelling efficiency of the acetylated specimens reached 75%–80% at 3–4 h of acetylation. It is supposed that the acetylation in supercritical CO₂ has a high bulking effect compared with liquid-phase and vapor-phase acetylation with uncatalyzed acetic anhydride. The results showed that the acetylation progressed rapidly because supercritical CO₂ and acetic anhydride formed a single phase at more than 90°C, and the acetic anhydride reached the reaction sites in the wood quickly.  相似文献   

Role of sulphide reduction by magnesium hydroxide on the sediment of the eutrophic closed bay          下载免费PDF全文

Dong Xia  Katsumi Okada  Kunio Watanabe  Yukiko Miura  Rameshprabu Ramaraj  Niwooti Wangchai  Kanda Wangchai  Tomoaki Itayama 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(1):462-470

This study was focused on the effect of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) for improving the sediment of aquaculture field and eutrophic closed estuaries. Sediment samples were collected from Omura Bay, Nagasaki, Japan. The change in pH, acid volatile sulphides (AVS) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in interstitial water of the sediment samples were measured before and after 20‐day incubation under the condition of overlapping seawater at 25°C with 0.3–0.4 mg/L of dissolved oxygen (DO). Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) and the dsrA gene copy number of Grp3 sulphate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sediment samples were also measured at 7‐day incubation under the same condition. The pH of Mg(OH)₂ treatment group was significantly increased from 7.43 to 8.25; it was higher compared to the control group which pH was maintained around 7.6. Meanwhile, the AVS content of Mg(OH)₂ treatment group was significantly reduced and the value was lower than the control group after the 20‐day incubation. Each concentration of interstitial water DOC in the treatment group and the control group increased after the incubation from initial value of 15.4–40.1 and 29.0  mg/L respectively. Furthermore, simultaneous decrease in H₂S and the dsrA gene copy number of Grp3 SRB was observed at the end of the 7‐day incubation by adding Mg(OH)₂. It is concluded that the loss of activity of SRB was strongly related to the decrease in sulphide (H₂S and AVS) and the increase in DOC was due to the alkalization of the sediment by adding Mg(OH)₂.  相似文献   

Utility of a GFP-expressing Barley yellow mosaic virus for analyzing disease resistance genes     

Mai Tanokami  Wei Qin Wang  Meimi Yamamoto  Tomomi Hagiwara  Mari Yumoto  Aika Tomiyama  Satoru Mine  Yukiko Tamura  Shunichi Kobayashi  Yoshiko Nakazawa  Tsuneo Kato  Tomohide Natsuaki  Hisashi Nishigawa 《Breeding Science》2021,71(4):484

The soil-borne plasmodiophorid Polymyxa graminis is a vector for Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV), which can severely damage barley plants. Although 22 disease resistance genes have been identified, only a few have been used for breeding virus-resistant cultivars. Recently, BaYMV strains capable of overcoming the effects of some of these genes have been detected. In this study, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing BaYMV was constructed and used to examine viral dynamics in inoculated barley plants. Leaf inoculations resulted in higher infection rates than root or crown inoculations. Additionally, inoculations of some resistant cultivars produced infections that were similar to those observed in a field test. The results of this study indicate that the GFP-expressing virus is a useful tool for visualizing virus replication and dynamics, and for understanding resistance mechanisms.  相似文献   

Weatherability and combustibility of fire-retardant-impregnated wood after accelerated weathering tests     

Toshiro Harada  Hiroshi Matsunaga  Yutaka Kataoka  Makoto Kiguchi  Junji Matsumura 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(5):359-366

The weatherability and combustibility of fireretardant-impregnated wood during accelerated weathering for up to 2000 h were evaluated. The ability of coating to retain fire-retardant chemicals against leaching was also examined using four coating systems (water-borne or solvent-borne, pigmented or clear, film-forming or penetrating). Furthermore, the distribution of fire retardants in the specimens was observed by scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive analysis of Xrays (SEM-EDX). The fire performance of the specimens during weathering depended on the chemical retention, and was maintained at a quasi-noncombustible material level if the chemical retention was above 150 kg/m³. The maximum duration of accelerated weathering to keep this retention was 250 h for the uncoated specimens, but increased to over 1000 h for pigmented coatings. SEM-EDX revealed that the fire retardants were accumulated in the cell lumina throughout the wood tissues. However, in the uncoated samples, the leaching of fire retardants occurred for surfaces exposed to light and water, and was observed down to a depth of ∼150 μm after 500 h. The leaching depth extended throughout the specimen after 1000 h. In contrast, the fire retardants still remained in samples finished with a solvent-borne pigmented penetrating coating even after 1000 h due to their relatively high chemical retention.  相似文献   

Horizontal and vertical movement of Mekong giant catfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pangasianodon gigas</Emphasis> measured using acoustic telemetry in Mae Peum Reservoir,Thailand   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hiromichi Mitamura  Yasushi Mitsunaga  Nobuaki Arai  Yukiko Yamagishi  Metha Khachaphichat  Thavee Viputhanumas 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):787-795

Abstract:   The horizontal and vertical movements of eight immature hatchery-reared Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas were monitored using acoustic telemetry in Mae Peum Reservoir, Thailand between 2003 and 2004. The fish were monitored for between eight days and more than 9 months. All of the fish moved over the entire reservoir within approximately 40 days after release. Subsequently, the home range became small approximately 40 days after release. The fish preferred deep areas in the reservoir. The fish displayed diel horizontal and vertical movement patterns. The fish showed larger-scale horizontal movement during the daytime than at night. The fish repeatedly showed active vertical movement during the day, whilst there was little variation in swimming depth at night. Our results imply that the vertical movements of the fish were related to the environmental condition of the reservoir.  相似文献   

Ferrochelatase catalyzes the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin of dry-cured ham via the conversion reaction from heme in meat     

Chau TT  Ishigaki M  Kataoka T  Taketani S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(22):12238-12245

Ferrochelatase (FECH), the enzyme at the last step of the heme-biosynthetic pathway, is involved in the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin via an iron-removal reaction of heme. To improve the efficacy of the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin from heme, the use of recombinant FECHs from porcine, yeast, and bacteria was examined. Incubation of FECH with myoglobin in the presence of ascorbic acid and cysteine resulted in the efficient conversion of myoglobin-heme to Zn-protoporphyrin. Exogenously added recombinant yeast FECH facilitates the production of Zn-protoporphyrin from myoglobin-heme and heme in meat, via the replacement of iron in the protoporphyrin ring by zinc ions. A large amount of Zn-protoporphyrin was also generated by the catalysis of FECH using an intact piece of meat as a substrate. These findings can open up possible approaches for the generation of a nontoxic bright pigment, Zn-protoporphyrin, to shorten the incubation time required to produce dry-cured ham.  相似文献   

The behavior of deuterium-labeled monolignol and monolignol glucosides in lignin biosynthesis in angiosperms     

Tsuji Y  Chen F  Yasuda S  Fukushima K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(1):131-134

To examine the behavior of monolignol and monolignol glucosides in lignin biosynthesis, pentadeutero[9-D(2), 3-OCD(3)]coniferyl alcohol and pentadeutero[9-D(2), 3-OCD(3)]coniferin were synthesized and fed to growing Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Magnolia kobus. The differences in the incorporation patterns of these labeled precursors were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both precursors were incorporated into lignin, but the labeled coniferyl alcohol was incorporated more directly, resulting in a high proportion of pentadeutero-labeled guaiacyl and syringyl units in newly formed xylem, while labeled coniferin tended to be incorporated in lignin as tetradeutero units, especially in syringyl lignin in both trees. However, the incorporation efficiencies of the precursors into syringyl lignin were higher in Magnolia than in Eucalyptus, and the ratios of tetradeutero to pentadeutero in guaiacyl lignin were lower in Magnolia than in Eucalyptus when the trees were fed coniferin.  相似文献