Ferrochelatase catalyzes the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin of dry-cured ham via the conversion reaction from heme in meat     

Chau TT  Ishigaki M  Kataoka T  Taketani S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(22):12238-12245

Ferrochelatase (FECH), the enzyme at the last step of the heme-biosynthetic pathway, is involved in the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin via an iron-removal reaction of heme. To improve the efficacy of the formation of Zn-protoporphyrin from heme, the use of recombinant FECHs from porcine, yeast, and bacteria was examined. Incubation of FECH with myoglobin in the presence of ascorbic acid and cysteine resulted in the efficient conversion of myoglobin-heme to Zn-protoporphyrin. Exogenously added recombinant yeast FECH facilitates the production of Zn-protoporphyrin from myoglobin-heme and heme in meat, via the replacement of iron in the protoporphyrin ring by zinc ions. A large amount of Zn-protoporphyrin was also generated by the catalysis of FECH using an intact piece of meat as a substrate. These findings can open up possible approaches for the generation of a nontoxic bright pigment, Zn-protoporphyrin, to shorten the incubation time required to produce dry-cured ham.  相似文献   

Chlamydial species among wild birds and livestock in the foothills of Mt. Afadjato,Ghana     

Yukiko SASSA-O&#x;BRIEN  Kenji OHYA  Saori YASUDA-KOGA  Rajesh CHAHOTA  Shota SUGANUMA  Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA  Hideto FUKUSHI  Boniface KAYANG  Erasmus Henaku OWUSU  Yasuhiro TAKASHIMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(6):817

The members of family Chlamydiaceae have a broad host range and cause many kinds of diseases in humans and animals. Several cases of Chlamydiaceae being detected in atypical hosts have been reported recently. Consequently, cross-species monitoring of Chlamydia in wildlife and livestock is pertinent for public health, animal hygiene and wildlife conservation. In this study, we conducted molecular surveillance of Chlamydia in wild birds and livestock around a small village in the foothills of Mt. Afadjato, Ghana where direct contact between wildlife and livestock occurs. Among 29 captured wild birds and 63 livestock, 5 sheep, 30 goats and 28 chickens, the positive ratios of Chlamydia were 24.1%, 40.0%, 43.3% and 26.9%, respectively. Chlamydia pecorum was detected in wild birds, goats, sheep and chickens. On the basis of the variable domain 2 region of ompA, several samples from different hosts showed identical sequences and were phylogenetically located to the same clusters. In addition, using ompA, C. psittaci, C. abortus and C. gallinacea were also detected in this small habitat. Further genetic and pathogenic analyses of the chlamydial distribution in this area, which represents the interface of wild and domestic animal interactions, may improve our knowledge of their transmission among different hosts.  相似文献   

Reduction of resting spore density of Plasmodiophora brassicae and clubroot disease severity by liming     

Hiroharu Murakami  Seiya Tsushima  Yukiko Kuroyanagi  Yoshihiro Shishido 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):685-691

Abstract

Relationships between the disease severity of clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, the soil pH value and the concentration of exchangeable calcium associated with liming were investigated under controlled density of resting spores. Disease indices were lower in the plots treated with lime than in the control plots without lime application. The disease index was significantly lower when lime materials were mixed two weeks before sowing compared with four weeks before sowing. The reduction rate of the disease index was larger for a concentration of 2.0 g kg^?1 than 1.0 g kg^?1 of lime in soil. The density of the resting spores in soil at the time of sowing was significantly reduced by liming. The reduction rate was 17–31 % for calcium cyanamide, 12–29% for dolomite, and 20–39% for calcium carbonate compared with the control plot. It was suggested that the disease severity was influenced by both the soil pH and the content of exchangeable calcium in soil based on the analysis of covariance.  相似文献   

The addition of gibberellic acid to auxin solutions increases sugar accumulation and sink strength in developing auxin-induced parthenocarpic tomato fruits     

K. Kataoka  Y. YashiroT. Habu  K. SunamotoA. Kitajima 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

The effects of the addition of gibberellic acid (GA) to auxin solutions for tomato fruit setting on sugar content and titratable acidity at maturity were investigated in ‘Louis 60’ tomatoes, and sucrolytic enzyme activities and cell development during the early stages of fruit development were examined to explain the physiological mechanisms. Days to maturity and titratable acidity were not affected by GA addition. The sugar concentration of the pericarp was increased by 50 mg L⁻¹ of GA addition in the summer and the spring, but not in the autumn experiment. The product of sugar concentration and fruit weight, which is thought to reflect the amount of sugar per fruit, was higher in GA-treated fruit in every experiment. Beginning 1 day after treatment, cell size was larger in GA-treated fruit and resulted in an increase in pericarp thickness at maturity. These results suggest that GA addition at anthesis can promote an increased sink size of individual pericarp cells immediately after treatment. The activities of VAI and neutral invertase (NI) were higher in GA-treated fruit around 5 days after treatment, and the possibility of VAI and/or NI involvement in sink activity at an early stage of fruit development is suggested.  相似文献   

Characterization of novel avian paramyxovirus strain APMV/Shimane67 isolated from migratory wild geese in Japan     

Eiji YAMAMOTO  Hiroshi ITO  Yukiko TOMIOKA  Toshihiro ITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1079-1085

An avian paramyxovirus (APMV) isolated from goose feces (APMV/Shimane67) was biologically, serologically and genetically characterized. APMV/Shimane67 showed typical paramyxovirus morphology on electron microscopy. On hemagglutination inhibition test, antiserum against APMV/Shimane67 revealed low reactivity with other APMV serotypes and vice versa. The fusion (F) protein gene of APMV/Shimane67 contained 1,638 nucleotides in a single open reading frame encoding a protein of 545 amino acids. The cleavage site of F protein contained a pair of single basic amino acid (VRENR/L). The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the F gene of APMV/Shimane67 had relatively low identities (42.9–62.7% and 28.9–67.3%, respectively) with those of other APMVs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that APMV/Shimane67 was related to NDV, APMV-9 and APMV-12, but was distinct from those APMV serotypes. These results suggest that APMV/Shimane67 is a new APMV serotype, APMV-13.  相似文献   

Development of 11 microsatellite markers in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus parviflora</Emphasis> by the dual-suppression technique and next-generation sequencing     

Yukiko Sakata Bekku  Hiroyuki Kurokochi  Yu Matsuki  Engkong Tan  Shuichi Asakawa  Satoshi Imura  Chunlan Lian 《Journal of Forest Research》2016,21(4):193-196

Pinus parviflora Sieb. et Zucc. var. parviflora is a coniferous tree species distributed in mountainous areas of temperate zones from southern Tohoku to the Kyushu area in Japan. Some P. parviflora populations have become small and endangered due to massive death resulting from pine wilt disease, scab canker, and presumably climate change. We developed 11 microsatellite markers for P. parviflora by the dual-suppression technique and next-generation sequencing using 32 individuals of P. parviflora collected from Aokigahara at the foot of Mt. Fuji. The number of alleles for each locus ranged from two to 10. The averages of observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.61 and 0.59, respectively. These markers will become powerful tools for assessing genetic diversity, genetic connectivity, and genetic structure in P. parviflora populations, which will facilitate our understanding and conservation of P. parviflora.  相似文献   

Required sample size for estimating soil respiration rates in large areas of two tropical forests and of two types of plantation in Malaysia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Minako Adachi  Yukiko Sakata Bekku  Akihiro Konuma  Wan Rasidah Kadir  Toshinori Okuda  Hiroshi Koizumi 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,210(1-3):455-459

We estimated the required sample sizes for estimating large-scale soil respiration (for areas from 1 to 2 ha) in four ecosystems (primary and secondary forests, and oil palm and rubber plantations) in Malaysia. The soil respiration rates were 769 ± 329 mg CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹ in the primary forest (2 ha, 50 sample points), 708 ± 300 mg CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹ in the secondary forest (2 ha, 50 points), 815 ± 363 mg CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹ in the oil palm plantation (1 ha, 25 points), and 450 ± 178 mg CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹ in the rubber plantation (1 ha, 25 points). According to our sample size analysis, the number of measurement points required to determine the mean soil respiration rate at each site with an error in the mean of no more than 10% ranged from 67 to 85 at the 95% probability level. These results suggest that evaluating the spatial heterogeneity of soil respiration rates in the tropics may require more measurement points than in temperate forests.  相似文献   

Age-specific plasma biochemistry reference ranges in <1 year old dogs in Japan     

Sako T  Mori A  Lee P  Igarashi A  Oda H  Saeki K  Miki Y  Kurishima M  Mimura K  Nozawa S  Itabashi Y  Kiyosawa Y  Ishioka K  Arai T 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(4):201-209

The purpose of this study was to investigate and propose possible reference intervals of plasma biochemical analytes in young dogs (<12 months old) in Japan, using 896 canine plasma samples, collected from an array of veterinary clinics throughout the greater Tokyo metropolis area in Japan. The following biochemical parameters were assessed: albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), glucose, lipase, total cholesterol (T-Cho), and total protein (TP) were evaluated. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that partitioning according to age or gender may be necessary for some plasma analytes. Age appeared to significantly affect ALB, ALT, ALP, BUN, Glucose, Lipase, and Total Protein (P=?<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, 0.013, <0.001, 0.025, and <0.001, respectively). On the other hand, gender significantly influenced ALP, Amylase, Lipase, and T-Cho levels (P=0.017, <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively) whereas it may be borderline significant with ALT (P=0.072).  相似文献   

Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Potentials of a Lectin from Aplysia kurodai (Sea Hare) Eggs     

Rubaiya Rafique Swarna  A. K. M. Asaduzzaman  Syed Rashel Kabir  Nawshin Arfin  Sarkar M. A. Kawsar  Sultana Rajia  Yuki Fujii  Yukiko Ogawa  Keisuke Hirashima  Nanae Kobayashi  Masao Yamada  Yasuhiro Ozeki  Imtiaj Hasan 《Marine drugs》2021,19(7)

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in lectins from marine invertebrates. In this study, the biological activities of a lectin protein isolated from the eggs of Sea hare (Aplysia kurodai) were evaluated. The 40 kDa Aplysia kurodai egg lectin (or AKL-40) binds to D-galacturonic acid and D-galactose sugars similar to previously purified isotypes with various molecular weights (32/30 and 16 kDa). The N-terminal sequence of AKL-40 was similar to other sea hare egg lectins. The lectin was shown to be moderately toxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with an LC₅₀ value of 63.63 µg/mL. It agglutinated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and reduced their growth, up to 58.3% in vivo when injected into Swiss albino mice at a rate of 2 mg/kg/day. The morphology of these cells apparently changed due to AKL-40, while the expression of apoptosis-related genes (p53, Bax, and Bcl-XL) suggested a possible apoptotic pathway of cell death. AKL-40 also inhibited the growth of human erythroleukemia cells, probably via activating the MAPK/ERK pathway, but did not affect human B-lymphoma cells (Raji) or rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-1). In vitro, lectin suppressed the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and U937 cells by 37.9% and 31.8%, respectively. Along with strong antifungal activity against Talaromyces verruculosus, AKL showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, and Bacillus cereus whereas the growth of Escherichia coli was not affected by the lectin. This study explores the antiproliferative and antimicrobial potentials of AKL as well as its involvement in embryo defense of sea hare.  相似文献   

The suppressive effect of dietary coenzyme Q10 on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in chickens exposed to heat stress          下载免费PDF全文

Motoi Kikusato  Kasumi Nakamura  Yukiko Mikami  Ahmad Mujahid  Masaaki Toyomizu 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1244-1251

This study was conducted to determine if dietary supplementation with coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀), which can act as a potent antioxidant and is an obligatory cofactor of mitochondrial uncoupling protein, suppresses the heat stress (HS)‐induced overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage in the skeletal muscle of birds. The carbonyl protein content of skeletal muscle was significantly higher in birds exposed to HS treatment (34°C, 12 h) than in thermoneutral birds (25°C). This increase was suppressed by CoQ₁₀ supplementation (40 mg/kg diet). Succinate‐supported mitochondrial ROS production was increased by HS treatment, and this increase was also suppressed by CoQ₁₀ supplementation. In contrast, CoQ₁₀ supplementation did not affect the HS‐induced decrease in mitochondrial proton leak. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), to which HS‐induced ROS production was previously shown to be sensitive, tended to be increased by HS treatment, but this rise in ΔΨ was not affected by CoQ₁₀ supplementation. Taken together, these results suggest that dietary CoQ₁₀ supplementation attenuates HS‐induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle, by preventing the overproduction of succinate‐supported mitochondrial ROS in a manner that is independent of ΔΨ. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献