A methodology for heterosis breeding of common buckwheat involving the use of the self-compatibility gene derived from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fagopyrum homotropicum</Emphasis>     

Yuji Mukasa  Tatsuro Suzuki  Yutaka Honda 《Euphytica》2010,172(2):207-214

We propose an alternative breeding methodology for common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), involving the use of the self-compatibility (S ^h ) gene derived from F. homotropicum Ohnishi. This methodology involves inbred development of homostyle (S ^h S ^h ) and pin (ss) lines by using the self-compatibility gene (S ^h ). Further, single-cross hybrid seeds are produced using these inbred homostyle and pin lines as pollen and seed parents, respectively. This strategy successfully produced self-compatible homostyle hybrids (S ^h s); the percentage of hybrid plants among the progeny was more than 90%. In a greenhouse trial, the heterosis (best parent) in top dry weight, including stem and leaves, was 29.1–48.1% during the early growth stage. The seed yield of the progeny obtained in single-cross experiments was superior to that of an open-pollinated standard variety “Kitawasesoba” by 10% on average. These results suggest that heterosis breeding can be used to increase seed yield in common buckwheat.  相似文献   

Depth profiling of photodegraded wood surfaces by confocal Raman microscopy     

Toru Kanbayashi  Yutaka Kataoka  Atsuko Ishikawa  Masahiro Matsunaga  Masahiko Kobayashi  Makoto Kiguchi 《Journal of Wood Science》2018,64(2):169-172

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Effect of supplemented sericin on the development,cell number,cryosurvival and number of lipid droplets in cultured bovine embryos          下载免费PDF全文

Misa Hosoe  Yasushi Inaba  Yutaka Hashiyada  Kei Imai  Kenji Kajitani  Yuichi Hasegawa  Mamoru Irie  Hidetoshi Teramoto  Toru Takahashi  Sueo Niimura 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(2):241-247

Sericin was investigated as an alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) for bovine embryo culture. In vitro matured oocytes were developed using 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.15% sericin. The developmental rate, cryosurvival rate and blastulation time of these embryos were compared with those of embryos developed using 5% FBS. The number of lipid droplets was compared among the blastocysts developed using 5% FBS, using 0.05% sericin and in vivo. The rate of cleavage and blastocyst formation was similar among all groups. Blastulation occurred significantly earlier in the embryos developed using 5% FBS than in those developed using sericin at any concentration (P < 0.05). At 72 h after thawing, the cryosurvival rate of the blastocysts developed using 5% FBS and 0.05% sericin were significantly higher compared with those developed using 0.1% and 0.15% sericin (P < 0.05). The blastocysts developed using 0.05% sericin and in vivo produced a significantly fewer number of medium and large lipid droplets than those developed using 5% FBS. These results suggest that the blastocysts developed using 0.05% sericin show characteristics similar to those of the blastocysts developed in vivo and that the use of sericin as an alternative to FBS is feasible.  相似文献   

Effect of components of green tea extracts, caffeine and catechins on hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme activities and mutagenic transformation of carcinogens     

Nikaidou S  Ishizuka M  Maeda Y  Hara Y  Kazusaka A  Fujita S 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2005,52(4):185-192

Green tea contains catechins and caffeine as major constituents. Treatment of rats with green tea (2.5% w/v) significantly increased 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (7-ECOD), caffeine N-1 demethylase (CN1D) and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) activities. Treatment with caffeine similarly activated CYP1A2 and related monooxygenases as well as UGT, while treatment with catechins induced UGT activity but not 7-ECOD or CN1D activity. Numbers of benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-induced revertant colonies in an Ames test (mutation assay) with S. typhimurium TA98 as the test strain were markedly larger when BP was preincubated with the liver S-9 (9000 x g supernatant of liver homogenate) from green tea-treated rats than when preincubated with that from control rats. In a modified Ames assay system in which UGT was activated by the addition of UDP-glucuronic acid to the preincubation mixture, the numbers of revertant colonies in the assay using liver S-9 from green tea-treated rats decreased to a similar level to that in the assay using S-9 from controls. The acceleration of two enzymatic reactions may contribute to the rapid elimination of BP; the first step, the formation of a metabolic intermediate (which is mutagenic) by CYP1A2 and the second, the conjugation of active metabolic intermediates by UGT. We speculated that green tea can reduce the amount of time carcinogens reside in the body and the chance that body tissues will be exposed to active metabolites of carcinogens thorough rapid elimination due to the simultaneous induction of CYP1A2 and UGT activities.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica isolates from cattle in Japan from 2001 to 2002     

Esaki H  Asai T  Kojima A  Ishihara K  Morioka A  Tamura Y  Takahashi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(1):75-77

A total of 27 clinical isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica from cattle in Japan from 2001 to 2002 were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility to 25 antimicrobial agents. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 different antimicrobials were determined by an agar dilution method according to the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Of the 27 isolates, seven isolates (26.9%) were resistant to at least one of the 25 drugs and resistance rates ranged from 3.7 to 18.5%. Resistance rates to dihydrostreptomycin (18.5%), oxytetracycline (11.1%), and doxycycline (11.1%) were relatively high and those to the remaining drugs were less than 10%.  相似文献   

In vitro activity of 24 antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus isolated from diseased animals in Japan     

Morioka A  Asai T  Ishihara K  Kojima A  Tamura Y  Takahashi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(2):207-210

A total of 88 Staphylococcus and 61 Streptococcus isolates from diseased animals throughout Japan were examined in 2000 for the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 24 different antimicrobials by the agar dilution method standardized by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy. The resistance rates to aminobenzylpenicillin (36.4%) and benzylpenicillin (35.2%) were high in Staphylococcus isolates, and those to oxytetracycline (45.9%) and kanamycin (21.3%) were high in Streptococcus isolates. Two isolates resistant to oxacillin harbored the mecA gene. One was Staphylococcus epidermidis derived from a pig with arthritis, and the other Staphylococcus cohnii from a head of cattle with mastitis.  相似文献   

Transition of the pregnancy rate of bisected bovine embryos after co-transfer with trophoblastic vesicles prepared from in vivo-cultured in vitro-fertilized embryos     

Hashiyada Y  Okada M  Imai K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(6):749-756

Bisected bovine embryos were co-transferred with trophoblastic vesicles (TVs). These TVs were prepared by dissection of conceptuses that were collected by uterine flushing after culture for seven days in the uterus following transfer of embryos derived by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Pregnancy diagnoses were performed twice, between Day 26 and Day 43 and between Day 38 and Day 73 post-estrus by ultrasonography. The pregnancy rate was significantly increased at first pregnancy diagnosis when demi-embryos were transferred with TVs (66.7%, 16/24) compared with the control group (34.5%, 10/29) (P < 0.05). Three losses occurred in the co-transfer group between the first and second pregnancy diagnosis. The final pregnancy rates according to delivered offspring were 41.7% (10/24) and 27.6% (8/29), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups with regard to the average diameter of the TVs measured before transfer at three points during the gestation period. The birth weight and gestation lengths of the offspring were almost the same for the co-transfer and control groups. In the co-transfer group, the genetic identities of calves from the separated embryos were not affected by the TVs, as confirmed by parental blood type testing. Delivered offspring in co-transferred groups showed normal morphology. In conclusion, the present study indicates that co-transfer of TVs prepared from conceptuses cultured in vivo following transfer of IVF embryos enhances the fertility of demi-embryos during the early stages of pregnancy, as has similarly been shown in previous research for those prepared from in vivo embryos.  相似文献   

Allelic loss analysis of lymphomas induced in Fas-heterozygous deficient mice     

Ogawa S  Hong DP  Mori N  Umesako S  Song CW  Okumoto M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):97-102

Mutations of Fas (CD95/Apo-1) gene have been reported in various malignancies and therefore the Fas gene has been considered to be a tumor suppressor gene. To examine an involvement of Fas gene as a tumor suppressor gene in radiation lymphomagenesis, we examined the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in lymphomas from (MSM/Ms x MRL-MpJ/Fas (lpr)) F(1) and (BALB/cHeA x MRL-MpJ/Fas (lpr)) F(1) hybrid mice. Lymphoma development by X-irradiation was efficiently observed in both F(1) hybrids. Frequent LOH was found on chromosomes 12 and 4 in the tumors from both F(1) mice, but no allelic loss on chromosome 19 containing Fas locus was found, and no wild-type allele of the Fas gene was lost in 51 lymphomas. Therefore, the putative tumor-suppressor gene regions responsible for lymphomagenesis might not considerably differ due to the Fas gene status.  相似文献   

Changes in interleukin-6 concentration in peripheral blood of pre- and post-partum dairy cattle and its relationship to postpartum reproductive diseases     

Ishikawa Y  Nakada K  Hagiwara K  Kirisawa R  Iwai H  Moriyoshi M  Sawamukai Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(11):1403-1408

Reproductive diseases after parturition are a serious problem in dairy cattle. It is important to predict postpartum reproductive diseases early and to develop prophylaxis. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate changes in the peripheral blood concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) before parturition, which was mainly produced by T helper 2 type (Th2) cells, and to investigate a correlation between the IL-6 concentration and the occurrence of the postpartum retained placenta, endometritis and/or follicular cyst in dairy cattle. Twenty-seven Holstein-Friesian cows were used for this study. Thirteen had no clinical disease, 8 had retained placenta, 4 were diagnosed with endometritis by vaginal inspection, and 2 were diagnosed with follicular cyst by rectal palpation at 1 and 2 months after parturition. Blood samples were collected 60 days pre- and post-partum. They used for IL-6, progesterone (P(4)) and estradiol-17beta (E(2)) concentration determination. This study showed that the IL-6 concentration prepartum was higher than postpartum. Low levels of IL-6 and P(4) in peripheral blood prepartum tended to affect retained placenta and a high level of IL-6 prepartum tended to affect endometritis. These results indicate that measurement of change in the IL-6 concentration during pregnancy is one useful tool for predicting crisis in postpartum reproductive diseases in dairy cattle.  相似文献   

The effects of twisting and type of aspiration needle on the efficiency of transvaginal ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up in cattle     

Sasamoto Y  Sakaguchi M  Katagiri S  Yamada Y  Takahashi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(10):1083-1086

The effects of twisting and type (single- or double-lumen) of aspiration needle on the efficiency of transvaginal ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up (US-guided OPU) were investigated in cattle. The first study using slaughterhouse ovaries revealed that twisting of the needle during follicle aspiration improved the oocyte recovery rate without deleterious effects on the attachment of cumulus layers. Vacuum pressure affected the oocyte recovery and cumulus attachment, regardless of the needle type. The needle type did not affect the oocyte recovery or cumulus attachment with an optimized vacuum pressure. In the second study, US-guided OPU was performed in live cows using two types of needles with a vacuum pressure of 75 mmHg. The needle type did not affect the oocyte recovery or cumulus attachment of the recovered oocytes. The results revealed that twisting of the needle is effective in follicle aspiration, and suggested that a single-lumen needle is as useful as a double-lumen needle for US-guided OPU in cattle.  相似文献