擎天树树皮率·心材率及木材密度研究     

符韵林  黄松殿  韦鹏练  袁振双  刘晓玲 《安徽农业科学》2011,(9):5274-5277

[目的]弄清擎天树的木材材性。[方法]从南宁市广西良凤江国家森林公园采集1978年栽培的擎天树为试材,采用排水法测定生材体积,采用体积法及质量法测定树皮率,研究擎天树的密度、树皮率、生材含水率及心材率。[结果]擎天树的生材密度随着树高增加而减小,枝下高以上变化不大,平均值为1.079 g/cm3;基本密度随着树龄增加而增大,纵向变化随着树高增加而减小,枝下高以上变化不大,平均值为0.578 g/cm3;生材含水率从髓心向外呈减小的趋势,并随树高增加,呈小-大-小-大的趋势,平均值为87.8%;树皮体积百分率和质量百分率均随树高增高而增加,平均值分别为19.1%和20.1%;心材率随树高增加而减少,平均值为13.9%。[结论]该研究为保护我国珍稀树种擎天树提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

黄南州小蠹类害虫危害情况与防治     

王国仓 《青海农林科技》2006,(3):64-66

由于近几年气温偏高,降水偏少,气候异常导致以小蠹类害虫为主的森林病虫害大面积发生,其危害之大,发生面积之广,已对黄南州森林资源安全和自然景观构成了巨大威胁。在详细调查研究的基础上提出了初步的防治意见。  相似文献   

光叶楮茎皮化学成分的初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

马养民  吉艳芬  史清华  苏印泉  杨卫卫 《西北农业学报》2007,16(5):192-194

采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法对光叶楮茎皮进行了预试。结果表明,光叶楮茎皮含有酚性成分、氨基酸、蛋白质、多肽、糖、多糖及其苷类、皂苷、黄酮类及其苷类、植物甾醇和三萜等多种化学成分。并对其有效成分进行了含量分析,其中,常规营养成分粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维含量分别为7.78%、1.73%、27.9%。其他营养成分中氨基酸总量为6.752%,其中,必需氨基酸含量占总氨基酸含量的38%;微量元素铁、锰、锌、铜含量(μg/g干基)分别为:77.5、13.2、16.8和12.1;常量元素钾、钙、镁含量(mg/g干基)分别为11.1、8.90和1.81。利用紫外-可见分光光度计测得总黄酮含量为1.485%。表明光叶楮茎皮具有较高的开发潜力。  相似文献   

不同产地杜仲树皮含胶特性的变异规律   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

杜红岩  杜兰英  李福海  谢碧霞 《林业科学》2004,40(5):186-190

为了弄清杜仲树皮含胶特性的地理变异规律 ,为杜仲高产胶产业化基地的选择提供科学依据 ,选择我国主要杜仲产地和主要引种区共 16个产地作为研究对象。采用选择典型样株和随机取样的方法 ;含胶率的测定采用杜仲胶综合提取法 ;利用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果表明 ,不同产地 10a生杜仲胸径、树皮厚度和树皮含胶率均存在极显著差异。北方产区杜仲胸径和树皮厚度普遍高于南方产区 ;在纬度相似的地区 ,东部产区高于西部产区。杜仲皮的含胶率大体上随着纬度的增加而呈逐步减小趋势 ,南方产区杜仲皮的含胶率一般比北方产区高。海拔越高、年降雨量越大、年均气温越高、无霜期越长 ,越有利于杜仲皮内杜仲胶的形成和积累 ,树皮含胶率越高。  相似文献   

Bark stripping by sika deer on veitch fir related to stand age, bark nutrition, and season in northern Mount Fuji district, central Japan     

Zhaowen Jiang  Hironori Ueda  Masahiko Kitahara  Hiroo Imaki 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(5):359-365

We carried out this study to clarify the relationships between the seasonal changes of bark stripping and food quality, and between bark-stripping intensity and bark nutrition with age of veitch fir (Abies veitchii) by sika deer (Cervus nippon) in the northern Mount Fuji district, from June 2000 to July 2003. We found that sika deer gnawed and ate all of the bark stripped, and a seasonal change in bark stripping occurred from December to May or June with a peak in March–April. The stripping period largely overlapped with the periods of low food availability and poor food nutrition (indicated by fecal chemical component index) of sika deer, from January to April. Both bark nutritional quality and bark-stripping intensity related to stand age and tree size of veitch fir negatively. Consequently, bark-stripping intensity related to bark nutritional quality positively. February is the worst forage period in terms of both quantity (due to deep snow) and quality (indicated by fecal chemical components). There was a time lag of 1 to 2 months in the peak of bark stripping in March–April when compared with the poor forage period in February. This time lag may suggest that sika deer need more nutritious and easily digested food from March due to increased nutrient demands that result from depleted body condition in both sexes, gestation of pregnant females, and the recovery of active metabolism.  相似文献   

几种杨树树皮中酚甙和酚酸类化合物的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

魏舜明  周银莲  张英伯 《林产化学与工业》1985,(2)

从毛白杨等四种树皮的热水浸提物中分离出二种酚甙结晶,经熔点测定、元素分析、薄层色谱、红外光谱、质谱等手段鉴定为水杨甙(Salicin)和杨属灵(Pop-ulin)。对树皮中的酚酸也用高效液相色谱进行分析,发现上述树皮中含有对-羟基苯甲酸等五种酚酸。  相似文献   

Effects of stilbenes from bark of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea glehnii</Emphasis> (Sieb. et Zucc) and their related compounds against feeding behaviour of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Reticulitermes speratus</Emphasis> (Kolbe)     

Sakae?ShibutaniEmail author  Masahiro?Samejima  Shuichi?Doi 《Journal of Wood Science》2004,50(5):439-444

The effects of stilbene glucosides and related compounds on termite feeding behavior were investigated using paper disc methods against the subterranean termite Reticulitermes speratus. The stilbene-rich fraction and isorhapontin (3-methoxy-3,4, 5-trihydroxystilbene-3--d-glucoside) from bark extracts of Picea glehnii showed avoidance by termites in choice tests. In the no-choice tests using compounds purified from the stilbene-rich fraction, the largest feeding deterrent effect was observed for piceid (3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene-3--d-glucoside), followed by isorhapontin, and astringin (3,3,4,5-tetrahydroxystilbene-3--d-glucoside), at the concentrations from 0.63 to 2.5µmol/disc. No change in activity was observed at retentions of more than 5.0µmol/disc. When the activities of isorhapontin and its aglycone derivative (isorhapontigenin: 3-methoxy-3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene) were compared with that of taxifolin (3,3,4,5,7-pentahydroxyflavanone) in the no-choice test, the stilbenes exhibited a larger antifeedant potential. Methylation of isorhapontigenin increased its termiticidal activity.Part of this study was presented at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the International Research Group on Wood Preservation, 2001  相似文献   

Raman spectroscopic study on pyrolyzed wood and bark of Japanese cedar: temperature dependence of Raman parameters     

Shigeru Yamauchi  Yasuji Kurimoto 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(3):235-240

 Raman spectra were measured for Japanese cedar wood and bark pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures (200°–1100°C). Two characteristic bands, near 1340 and 1590 cm⁻¹, denoted as the D-band and G-band due to graphitic carbon, respectively, appeared on all the spectra; and the spectral features changed markedly with increasing heat-treatment temperature (HTT). The Raman parameters (band position, band width, D/G ratio) of the bands were deconvolved using of a curve-fitting method. There was no significant difference in the values of the parameters between the wood and bark. The D-band position and the G-band width showed a marked HTT dependence in the region of 400°–800°C. We described the correlations of the Raman parameters with HTT and investigated the availability of Raman spectroscopy as a means for evaluating HTT. Received: January 28, 2002 / Accepted: June 14, 2002  相似文献   

长江滩地立木腐朽杨树与正常杨树生长与材性的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王朝晖  费本华  任海青  郝刚 《林业科学》2001,37(5):113-119,T002

本文对长江滩地意杨的生长和木材材性进行了初步研究，着重讨论长江滩地立木腐朽杨树与正常杨树在树高、胸径生长的差异，通过回归分析，给出了杨树胸径生长与年龄的回归方程。分析研究腐朽木和正常木在年轮宽度、含水率、木材密度、干缩率等方面的差异。通过扫描电镜观测腐朽木和正常木细胞壁层的差异和菌丝在木材细胞的分布状况。研究结果表明：地势低是导致杨树立木腐朽的直接原因；腐朽对杨树的胸径生长和高生长及木材材性有显著影响；腐朽材内部生材含水率远低于正常材内部生材含水率，这是由于腐朽杨树内部导管比量明显比正常材低导致其输导水分功能减弱所致；而腐朽材的密度和干缩率均高于正常材；腐朽木中出现了具有应拉木特征的区域，菌丝入侵立木杨树主要通过夹皮裂隙，然后通过导管和木射线细胞向木纤维中扩散。  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of a novel anionic peroxidase cDNA found in poplar (Populus nigra) suspension cultured cells     

Yoshiaki Kato  Yoh Sakuma  Tomonori Azuma  Akira Ando  Kiyoshi Miura  Keiji Takabe  Yutaka Tamai 《Journal of Wood Science》2001,47(3):165-170

A cDNA clone fromPopulus nigra L. var.italica Koehne, denoted PCY2-6, coding for an anionic peroxidase has been isolated, cloned, and characterized. PCY2-6 is 1160 bp long; and its deduced product, PnC26, contains 343 amino acid residues. The mature protein has a calculated isoelectric point of 4.09. The protein contains two motifs typical of peroxidase and 10 potentialN-glycosylation sites. PnC26 is therefore classified as an anionic peroxidase. The mRNA of the PCY2-6 gene family was detected in immature and mature leaves and in two parts of current-year stems: the shoot tip and the older stem. The mRNA of PCY2-6 gene family was found to localize in the phloem and cortex of the current-year stems. We therefore conclude that expression of the PCY2-6 gene family is related to bark development.  相似文献