京西山地棕壤和淋溶褐土饱和导水率的分析   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

马履一  翟明普  王勇 《林业科学》1999,35(3):109-112

导水率Ｋ（ｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ）是表示孔隙介质透水性能的综合比例系数,即单位水力势梯度下水的通量密度或渗透流速。Ｋ值是土壤颗粒大小分布、固体物质的化学组成和土壤紧实度的函数。因此,对于不同的土壤或同一土壤的不同层次Ｋ值亦可能有差...  相似文献   

Microbial biomass and activity along a natural pH gradient in forest soils in a karst region of the upper Yangtze River,China     

Ye Tian  Kikuo Haibara  Hiroto Toda  Fangjun Ding  Yanhui Liu  Dongsu Choi 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(4):205-214

Mountain closure, considered an effective and economic measure for natural restoration of degraded forest ecosystems, has been widely carried out in the karst region of southwest China. The aim of this study was to evaluate microbial aspects of soil quality after mountain closure by analyzing soil microbial biomass, basal respiration, metabolic quotient, and relationships with basic chemical properties in Guizhou Province, a karst region of the upper Yangtze River. Soil quality was considered poor from the low levels of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and microbial quotient (MBC/total C and MBN/total N), but high metabolic quotient (qCO₂). Soil pH, showing marked variation from 4.1 to 7.9 in this karst region, was proved to significantly affect soil microbial biomass and activity. Soil microbial biomass, microbial quotient, and soil basal respiration declined significantly with decreasing soil pH, while qCO₂ showed an apparently increasing, but not statistically significant, trend. The changes in microbial biomass and activity following the change in soil pH could possibly be because of a change in soil microbial composition, and more detailed research is necessary. Compared with soil pH, soil organic matter content was another, more important, factor that directly restricted microbial growth because of the serious loss as a result of disturbance. As a practical application based on microbial aspects, introduction of some N-fixing tree species may be an active and effective measure to improve soil fertility and thus to accelerate restoration of the forest ecosystem in the karst region.  相似文献   

峨眉山常绿阔叶林常绿和落叶物种叶片C、N、P研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡艳  张毅  刘辉  张锡洲 《浙江林业科技》2009,29(3)

采用常规方法对峨眉山常绿阔叶林的常绿和落叶物种植物C、N、P含量及其之间的相互关系进行了研究,结果表明:①峨眉山常绿阔叶林常绿物种叶片C、N、P平均含量分别为42.30%、1.46%、0.10%;落叶物种叶片C、N、P平均含量分别为41.078%、1.59%和 0.12%.常绿和落叶物种植物叶片N-P成极显著的乘幂关系,而C-N和C-P关系不显著;②峨眉山地区常绿阔叶林常绿物种叶片N/P比平均值为14.48,落叶物种的N/P比平均值为13.61,其对生态环境的适应性较低;③在峨眉山海拔700、1 100和1 500 m处,植物叶片N-P亦成显著的关系,而植物叶片C-N和C-P关系不显著.  相似文献   

1987年大兴安岭林火碳释放及火后NPP恢复   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

孙龙  张瑶  国庆喜  胡海清 《林业科学》2009,45(12)

以大兴安岭地区1985年一类森林资源连续清查资料和1987年林火资料为数据基础,结合GIS技术,进行大兴安岭1987年林火碳释放及火后净初级生产力(NPP,net primary productivity)恢复的研究.通过对1987年火烧迹地林火发生前各树种的生物量的估算,得出在1987年林火中大兴安岭林区森林释放的碳量约为1.97×10~6～2.47×10~6 t;同时分别比较火烧中各树种的碳释放量和不同火烧等级下的碳释放量.结果表明:落叶松在1987年林火中释放碳量约0.96×10~6～1.19×10~6 t,占碳释放总量的49%左右;重度火灾中碳释放量占总碳释放量的99.4%.火后乔木层的NPP恢复在21年间成逐渐增加的趋势,并且恢复趋势表明在火后23～24年的时候中度火灾后的乔木层NPP可达到未过火林地的水平.  相似文献   

太行山区刺槐立地质量多用途评价方法的探讨          下载免费PDF全文

张小泉  杨继镐  陈永富  华网坤 《林业科学研究》1993,6(1):93-99

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山西太岳山辽东栎夏季树干液流通量研究   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21  

曹文强  韩海荣  马钦彦  康峰峰  蔺琛 《林业科学》2004,40(2):174-177

树干液流指蒸腾在植物体内引起的上升液流。土壤液态水进入根系后 ,由茎输导组织向上运送达冠层 ,经由气孔蒸腾 (包括角质层及皮孔蒸腾 )转化为气态水扩散到大气中去。根部吸收的水分有 99 8%以上消耗在蒸腾上 (王沙生等 ,1 991 )。通过精确测算茎流量 ,可以基本确定植株蒸腾失  相似文献   

广州市帽峰山森林公园空气环境质量初报   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

肖以华  刘燕堂  徐大平  粟娟  陈德祥 《中国城市林业》2004,2(3):40-44

本文对广州市帽峰山森林公园中的旅游气候指标——温湿指数和风效指数、空气离子浓度含量和空气洁净度等空气质量因子进行了测定,并运用有关方法进行评价。结果表明,该森林公园的旅游气候资源适合全年休闲、旅游;空气负离子含量高,有益于人体健康;空气环境质量达到国家A级,这为广州市森林生态网络建设和旅游资源开发利用奠定科学、翔实的基础数据。    相似文献   

长白山典型阔叶红松林土壤二氧化碳排放通量     

王琛瑞  吴劼  梁战备  黄国宏 《林业研究》2004,15(4):268-272

随着大气CO2浓度的升高,主要由其引起的温室效应与对生物新陈代谢的影响变得越来越显著。森林生态系统在全球碳循环中扮演着重要的角色。为了评估和理解森林土壤CO2通量及其随空气和土壤温度的季节和昼夜变化规律,我们在长白山北坡典型阔叶红松林内利用静态箱技术进行了原位观测。实验在整个生长季(6月初至9月末)昼夜进行,利用气相色谱进行气体分析。结果表明: 长白山阔叶红松林土壤是大气二氧化碳源,其CO2通量具有明显的季节和昼夜变化规律。通量的变化范围是(0.30-2.42)μmol穖-2穝-1,平均值为0.98μmol穖-2穝-1。土壤CO2排放的季节规律表明,土壤CO2通量的变化与气温和土壤温度的变化有关。CO2平均通量的最大值出现在7月((1.27±23%)μmol穖-2穝-1),最小值出现在9月((0.5±28%)μmol穖-2穝-1)。土壤CO2的昼夜波动与土壤温度变化有关,而在时间上滞后于温度的变化。森林下垫面土壤CO2通量与土壤温度显著相关,与6cm深度土层温度相关系数最大。基于气温和土壤温度计算的Q10值范围为2.09-3.40。图2表3参37。  相似文献   

湖南舜皇山常绿阔叶林群落主要结构特征--Ⅳ.乔木物种多样性     

何汉杏  何秀春 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,25(6):42-46

生物多样性是当代生态学研究的三大重点领域之一,而物种多样性既是遗传基因的载体,又是生态系统的核心组成部分,所以它在生物多样性研究中所占地位最为重要.以湖南舜皇山常绿阔叶林为研究对象,通过3个生境梯度,33个中样方,99个小样方的叠加和群落重构资料,采用7个测度公式,对物种多样性开展了研究.结果表明舜皇山常绿阔叶乔物种比较丰富,丰富度指数为11.006,信息度指数为3.666 1;α多样性指标中的丰富度指数dGL和Shanmon-Wiener指数,以及β多样性指标中的群落系数和欧氏距离,能较好地反映亚热带常绿阔叶林乔木物种多样性的特征.  相似文献   

Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain     

YU Da-pao GU Hui-yan WANG Jian-dong WANG Qing-li DAI Li-min 《林业研究》2005,16(3):187-192

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.  相似文献