云南铜壁关自然保护区的植物多样性分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘鸿  杨韩 《林业调查规划》2022,(4):55-59

云南铜壁关自然保护区地处高黎贡山南段,是滇西地区中缅边界上的一条生物保护绿色环带。调查显示,保护区分布有种子植物210科1 251属3 942种,在狭域范围内的物种丰富度和多样性指数非常高,具有不可替代的的保护地位和研究价值。相关主管部门应联合科研院所加大对其生物多样性保护和监测力度,开展长期定点的监测研究,加强对边境贸易物种资源的监管,加强科研支撑和管理力度,以维持其生物多样性的稳定和可持续发展。  相似文献   

印江自治县林业有害生物种类、危害及治理对策          下载免费PDF全文

袁慧敏  罗时娟  袁贤超  陈祥  杨明富 《林业调查规划》2022,(4):90-95

通过整理印江自治县林业有害生物历年普查资料及开展补充调查,分析了林业有害生物为害现状及发生危害原因。鉴定出林业有害生物115种,其中虫害共79种,蛛形纲1种,昆虫纲5目34科78种;病害共30种,真菌类23种,类菌质类2种,外寄生植物类2种,线虫类1种,非侵染类2种;外来入侵物种6种。新发现柔毛油杉是思茅松毛虫和马尾松毛虫寄主。提出加强生物多样性保护,促进生境适应性,改善林分结构,提高经济林科学管理水平,科学园林绿化设计,强化植物检疫,加强林业有害生物调查监测等治理对策。  相似文献   

尧山46种夏季野生灌木观赏植物评价          下载免费PDF全文

黄宾芯  冯青梅  杨玥绮  王鹏飞 《林业调查规划》2022,(5):85-90

基于河南省尧山地区野外实地调查结果并结合相关文献,筛选出46种夏季野生花灌木观赏植物,利用层次分析法构建综合评价体系。从花、叶、果、枝干4个方面,选择16项评价指标,借助Yaahp 10.3软件并根据行业专家意见构建判断矩阵,确定各项指标的权重,对选定的46种植物进行综合评价。根据综合评价结果将46种夏季野生花灌木划分为4个等级,珍珠梅、桦叶荚蒾、金银忍冬等7种植物开发潜力大,紫珠、黄蔷薇、海州常山等11种植物可适度开发利用,匍匐栒子、锦带花、缫丝花等21种植物可作为一般开发利用对象,其余7种植物可较少考虑开发利用。以期为本地区夏季野生灌木资源开发提供参考。  相似文献   

Influence of using plants to design landscape in city recreational squares on environment     

HU Haihui CHEN Yajun YU Lei 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2007,14(4):306-309

Through the investigation on influence of temperature,humidity and effects of landscape in Harbin First Department Store(Hayibai)Center Recreational Square,the influence of landscape designing of plant on the environment was researched.Two improved suggestions were given after analyzing the results of the investigation.One is to further plan the market of designing of city recreational square,and to manage and maintain the city recreational square;the other is to make good policies to control and avoid some large scale political projects.  相似文献   

株洲市几种常用绿化植物滞尘能力初探   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蒙彬 《湖南林业科技》2007,34(4):33-34

对株洲市16个常用绿化植物滞尘能力进行测定,结果表明:阔叶乔木树种单位面积滞尘量为广玉兰>棕榈>大叶樟>香樟>杜英>栾树>枫香>悬柃木;阔叶灌木树种单位面积滞尘量为春鹃>红花檵木>红叶李>山茶花>珊瑚树>小叶女贞>十大功劳>桂花。  相似文献   

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) grazing on duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza)     

Irena Pípalová 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(4):325-336

The aims of this experiment were (1) toquantify the ability of grass carp to processduckweed and (2) to assess indirect changes inwater chemistry and phytoplankton community,caused by grass carp feeding. Yearling grass carp sized 126 ± 7.7 mm (TL) and19.6 g in weight were kept in 9 laminate tanksof 1 m³ for 14 days. Two stockingdensities (2 and 6 fish per m³) anda control without fish were used. Standard growthrate (SGR) of grass carp fed exclusively onduckweed was 0.70% body weight (BW) d^–1and food conversion ratio (FCR) reached 2.0(average water temperature =21.1 ± 3.8 °C). Daily food intakewas 0.2 g of duckweed dry weight (DW), i.e.,1% of average BW of grass carp. SGR ofduckweed growing in 20 × 20 cm floatingenclosures, differed significantly[F(6,2) = 417.9; p = 0.002] between the twostocking densities of grass carp and thecontrol tanks (without fish). Mean SGR ofduckweed was 0.02 g g^–1 day^–1 and thehighest SGR was recorded in the control tanks.Both decrease in NH₄-N and increase inNO₂-N concentrations differedsignificantly between the treatments[F(2,2) = 45.3; p = 0.02 and F(2,2) = 19.2; p = 0.04 respectively]. Changes in other nitrogenand phosphorus components (NO₃-N, TN, TPand PO₄-P) caused by stocking of grasscarp were not significant. Biomass ofphytoplankton, dominated by filamentous algaeand blue-greens, increased proportionately tostocking density of grass carp. Althoughduckweed has a large potential for nutrientremoval, the most common pathway for thenutrients released through grass carp grazingif duckweed cover is loose is theirincorporation into phytoplankton biomass.  相似文献   

Probiotic microorganisms and antiviral plants reduce mortality and prevalence of WSSV in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured under laboratory conditions     

Viridiana Peraza-Gómez  Antonio Luna-González  Ángel I Campa-Córdova  Melina López-Meyer  Jesús A Fierro-Coronado  & Píndaro Álvarez-Ruiz 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(13):1481-1489

The protective effect of a probiotic mixture (PM) and antiviral plants, against the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Litopenaeus vannamei , was evaluated in three experiments. The PM was composed of four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and one yeast strain. The plant mixture was composed of Ocimum sanctum and commercial antiviral plants (VPH^®, HSV^®). Shrimp in each experiment (weighing 2.7±0.7, 11.5±1.3, 11.70±2.5 g) were cultured in 120-L plastic tanks and fed twice a day with commercial feed plus additives (plants or bacteria and yeast). Animals were monitored for the occurrence of WSSV by single-step and nested PCR. The PM and powdered antiviral plants added to the commercial feed showed an increase in survival and a decrease in the prevalence of WSSV in shrimp. The results showed that both the PM and the powdered antiviral plants can provide protection for shrimp against WSSV.  相似文献   

三峡库区消落带适生植物固碳释氧能力研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯晶红  刘德富  吴耕华  刘煜  秦东旭  王可健  刘瑛 《水生态学杂志》2020,41(1):1

固碳释氧是植物的一项重要生态功能,三峡库区消落带分布范围广、面积大,对其适生植物的固碳释氧能力进行研究具有重要的意义。以重庆市三峡库区开州区至万州区消落带13种适生植物为研究对象,通过测定其净光合速率和叶面积指数,分析研究其固碳释氧能力。结果表明,13种适生植物的净光合速率日变化曲线主要呈单峰型或双峰型曲线,单峰型曲线植物有桑(Morus alba)、白芒(Miscanthus sinensis)和辣蓼(Polygonum hydropiper),其他10种植物中山杉(Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan’)、竹柳(Salix sp.)、柑橘(Citrus reticulata)、牡荆(Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia)、地桃花(Urena lobata)、苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、大狼杷草(Bidens frondosa)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)、合萌(Aeschynomene indica)的净光合速率日变化曲线均表现为双峰曲线,单位叶面积日净同化量为90.28～410.20 mmol/(m~2·d),固碳量为3.18～14.44 g/(m~2·d),释氧量为2.31～10.50 g/(m~2·d);单位土地面积日固碳量为6.15～65.47 g/(m~2·d),释氧量为4.48～47.62 g/(m~2·d)。单位叶面积固碳释氧能力聚类分析表明,乔木(3种)、灌木(3种)均分为两级,草本(7种)分为三级;单位土地面积固碳释氧能力分析表明,乔木(3种)、灌木(3种)和草本(7种)均分为两级;日固碳释氧能力较强的乔木为竹柳,灌木有地桃花和牡荆,草本有芦苇、辣蓼、鬼针草。本研究为三峡库区消落带生态修复工程中植被的选择应用提供了理论参考,为消落带修复工程示范区生态效益的评价提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

The concept of habitat specificity revisited     

Rune Halvorsen  Anette Edvardsen 《Landscape Ecology》2009,24(7):851-861

Habitat specificity indices reflect richness (α) and/or distinctiveness (β) components of diversity. The latter may be defined by α and γ (landscape) diversity in two alternative ways: multiplicatively () and additively (). We demonstrate that the original habitat specificity concept of Wagner and Edwards (Landscape Ecol 16:121–131, 2001) consists of three independent components: core habitat specificity (uniqueness of the species composition), patch area and patch species richness. We describe habitat specificity as a family of indices that may include either area or richness components, or none or both, and open for use of different types of mean in calculation of core habitat specificity. Core habitat specificity is a beta diversity measure: the effective number of completely distinct communities in the landscape. Habitat specificity weighted by species number is a gamma diversity measure: the effective number of species that a patch contributes to landscape richness. We compared 12 habitat specificity indices by theoretical reasoning and by use of field data (vascular plant species in SE Norwegian agricultural landscapes). Habitat specificity indices are strongly influenced by weights for patch area and patch species richness, and the relative contribution of rare vs. common species (type of mean). The relevance of properties emphasized by each habitat specificity index for evaluation of patches in a biodiversity context is discussed. Core habitat specificity is emphasized as an ecologically interpretable measure that specifically addresses patch uniqueness while habitat specificity weighted by species number combines species richness and species composition in ways relevant for conservation biological assessment. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

胡萝卜新品种杂交一代红参的选育     

张惠梅  胡喜来  李静 《北方园艺》2009,(1)

红参胡萝卜是用完全瓣化型雄性不育系培育的杂交一代新品种.该品种肉质根长圆柱形,韧皮部和木质部均为橙红色,个体整齐度高,春播平均单根质量200.5 g,产量450 002kg/hm2;秋播平均单根质量290.5 g,产量64 500 kg/hm2.β胡萝卜素含量110.0 mg/kg,商品率高,叶幅小,成形早,抗抽薹,适合春、秋种植.  相似文献