博落回生物碱对8种真菌的抑菌作用   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

郁建平  赵东亮  孟祥斌  周晓秋 《山地农业生物学报》2006,25(1):89-91

生物农药是近10年来大力开发的农药，其包括微生物、昆虫病源性线虫、植物源农药（植物性药材）、微生物次生代谢产物（抗生素）等，由于生物农药具有使用安全、有效、低毒副作用、环境相容性好等优点，因此对生物农药的研制以及产业化正越来越被人们所重视。  相似文献   

金钗石斛生物碱组分GC指纹图谱的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄小燕  乙引 《西南农业学报》2007,20(4):735-738

目的:建立金钗石斛药材指纹图谱,为其内在质量控制提供部分科学依据。方法:采用气相色谱法,OV1701石英毛细管柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm),以FID为检测器,石斛碱为对照品,建立金钗石斛药材的指纹图谱。结果:金钗石斛由8个峰组成,其峰面积大于90%,精密度、稳定性、重复性均符合《中药注射剂指纹图谱研究的技术要求(暂行)》要求。结论:本法可以作为金钗石斛内在质量控制的标准。  相似文献   

Wounding of Root or Basal Stalk Prior to Harvest Affects Pre-harvest Antioxidant Accumulation and Tobacco-specific Nitrosamine Formation during Air Curing of Burley Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)     

Q. Li  M. R. Krauss  W. P. Hempfling 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2006,192(4):267-277

Wounding stresses were tested for their ability to induce an accumulation of antioxidants in harvested tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and for the reduction of tobacco‐specific nitrosamines (TSNA) during subsequent air curing. Data indicated that root pruning of burley tobacco 1 week before harvest resulted in an increased accumulation of α‐tocopherol, chlorogenic acid and rutin, compared with untreated plants. Wounding also increased total antioxidant capacity in both green and cured tobacco. Field experiments performed over 3 years showed a consistent decrease in nitrite concentration in leaves from wounded tobacco, and the reduction in TSNA was always associated with reduced levels of nitrite. Depending on climate and curing conditions, curing resulted in significant reductions in TSNA, compared with unwounded, control plants. Thus, the results suggested that higher endogenous antioxidants present during senescence and curing of wounding‐stressed tobacco may affect the propensities of those tissues to inhibit TSNA formation by reaction with nitrite.  相似文献   

外源茉莉酸甲酯对UV-B胁迫下颠茄生物碱积累及TAs代谢途径调控的机制探究     

Yu-Si SHAN  Zheng-Qi XIN  Xiao HE  Huan-Huan DAI  Neng-Biao WU 《作物学报》1962,46(12):1894-1904

In order to preliminarily explore the mechanism of TAs metabolic pathway in A. belladonna treated with exogenous methyl jasmone under UV-B stress, the effects on the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine, the upstream products in alkaloid synthesis, signal molecule and the expression level of key enzyme genes of secondary metabolism were studied under different concentrations of exogenous MeJA and different treatment time under using A. belladonna as materials. UV-B stress treatment significantly reduced the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine, inhibited the accumulation of precursors in the TAs synthesis pathway, which harmful to TAs synthesis. The content of TAs in A. belladonna increased to some extent, the contents of precursor amino acids (ornithine, arginine), polyamine content and key enzymes activities in the synthesis of putrescine in the secondary metabolic pathway all increased to some extent after treatment with the appropriate concentration of MeJA. The concentrations of signal molecule NO firstly increased and then decreased with the rising MeJA concentration, and reached the highest when MeJA concentration was 250 μmol L ^-1. The expression of key enzyme genes in TAs synthesis pathway showed that exogenous MeJA could increase the relative gene expression levels of TR I, PPAR, H6H to some extent. Those indicated that exogenous MeJA could induce the increase in the contents of upstream products in TAs synthesis by stimulating the burst of NO resulted in more precursor materials for the TAs synthesis pathway and affect the high expression of TR I, PPAR and H6H. It alleviated the inhibiton of UV-B stress on TAs of A. belladonna and increased the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine effectively. The results provided a theoretical basis for further studying the mechanism of exogenous elicitors to regulate the TAs secondary metabolic pathway of A. belladonn under stress, and effectively improved the stress resistance of A. belladonn and the accumulation of medicinal ingredients in actual production.  相似文献   

沙冬青种子总生物碱对小鼠急性毒性试验研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

相猛  鲁延刚  石广亮  刘宇  王学红  梁剑平  贾宁 《甘肃农业大学学报》2012,47(1):49-52

用酸水法提取沙冬青种子总生物碱,采用小鼠口腔灌服的方法对该生物碱进行了急性毒性试验,利用改良寇氏法测定该生物碱的LD50.结果表明:沙冬青种子总生物碱对小鼠口服的LD50为588.71mg/kg,LD50的95%可信限为513.93～674.37mg/kg.剖检变化为心脏色泽暗淡,肝脏和肾脏肿大,其它脏器无眼观病变.组织学变化呈现心肌纤维肿胀,肌浆内出现大量红色细小颗粒,间质血管充血;肝细胞肿大,胞浆内出现大小不等、多少不一的空泡,部分肝细胞坏死崩解;脾小体萎缩,淋巴细胞减少;肺脏血管充血;肾小管上皮细胞肿胀变性,部分肾小管上皮细胞坏死崩解.沙冬青种子总生物碱为低毒化合物,小鼠在沙冬青种子总生物碱中毒后,心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等主要器官都受到一定程度的损害,但对小鼠的持续影响较小.  相似文献   

附子总生物碱的提取工艺研究     

刘卓  晏星  徐春霞  袁小红 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(9):5199-5201

[目的]研究附子总生物碱的提取工艺,优选最佳提取条件。[方法]以提取率、总生物碱收率和总生物碱纯度为指标,采用单因素试验法,考察提取溶剂、提取方法、提取温度、粉碎度、料液比、提取时间和提取次数对附子中总生物碱提取率的影响,并优选出最佳提取工艺条件。[结果]最佳提取工艺条件为:在15℃条件下,将附子粉按1∶10(g/ml)加入无水乙醇,冷浸3次,每次1 d;在此条件下,浸膏得率、总生物碱收率和总生物碱纯度分别为3.15%、0.64%和20.32%。[结论]该方法高效、低毒、经济、操作方便、工艺可控,较适合附子总生物碱的提取和工业化生产。  相似文献   

萝芙木异胡豆苷-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶(SGD)基因的克隆与分析     

许宏宣  常凯  马丽利  郑月  刘小强 《安徽农业科学》2012,(19):10006-10010

[目的]对萝芙木异胡豆苷-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶(SGD)基因进行克隆与分析。[方法]以萝芙木为材料,采用RACE技术,从萝芙木中克隆SGD的全长cDNA,并对其进行表达谱分析和相关生物信息学分析。[结果]萝芙木SGD基因cDNA全长1 856 bp,包含1 608 bp的开放阅读框,编码536个氨基酸,预测分子量为61 kDa,等电点pI为6.16;生物信息学分析显示,RvSGD与蛇根木SGD及长春花SGD的序列相似性分别高达90.1%和70.9%,RvSGD也具有SGD蛋白的3个保守氨基酸催化位点His-161、Glu-207和Glu-419;荧光定量PCR表明,RvSGD在树皮中表达量最高,其次是老叶、根、嫩叶和茎。[结论]RvSGD基因的克隆和功能分析有助于在分子水平上更好地了解这个基因在TIAs的生物合成中的作用,并为今后调控TIAs的生物合成提供了新的靶点。  相似文献   

红栓菌液态发酵后马钱子总碱中2种生物碱含量的变化     

刘学湘  潘扬  蒋亚平 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(22):11225-11226,11256

[目的]研究经红栓菌液态发酵后马钱子总碱中士的宁(Stry)和马钱子碱(Bru)的含量变化。[方法]以优化的红栓菌发酵工艺条件液态发酵马钱子总碱,采用反相离子对色谱法分析发酵液中Stry和Bru的含量,并测定红栓菌菌体的生物量。[结果]发酵组的菌体平均生物量为9.8 g/L,较发酵空白组增加了25.6%;Stry和Bru的含量总和平均值为31.05 g/L,较空白对照组降低了16.10%。[结论]马钱子总碱对红栓菌菌丝体的生长有一定的促进作用,液态发酵培养可降低马钱子总碱中毒性成分的含量。  相似文献   

4种外源激素对长春花生物碱积累的影响     

邹冬梅  冯信平  王建荣  庞玉新  蒋昌顺 《热带生物学报》2012,3(1):38-41

分别用茉莉酸、乙烯利、乙酰水杨酸、色氨酸等4种试剂的不同质量浓度的溶液,处理温室盆栽的长春花成苗和幼苗。在处理2d后,测定长春花叶片中的吲哚生物总碱、长春碱、长春质碱和文多灵碱的含量。结果表明,4种试剂对长春花植物中吲哚生物碱的积累有明显的促进作用。  相似文献   

Bioactivity guided isolation of antipsychotic constituents from the leaves of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L     

Gupta S  Khanna VK  Maurya A  Bawankule DU  Shukla RK  Pal A  Srivastava SK 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(6):1092-1099

This study was undertaken to ascertain the antipsychotic properties of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L. leaves and to isolate and characterize the antipsychotic constituents. Among the MeOH extract and some alkaloidal fractions at different pHs, the alkaloidal CHCl(3) fraction at pH-9 (2C) showed the highest antipsychotic activity against dopaminergic (DA-D(2)) and serotonergic (5-HT(2A)) receptors in-vitro and amphetamine induced hyperactive mouse model in-vivo. The activity guided isolation of CHCl(3) fraction (2C) afforded six indole alkaloids: 10-methoxytetrahydroalstonine (1), isoreserpiline (2), an isomeric mixture of 11-demethoxyreserpiline (3) and 10-demethoxyreserpiline (4), α-yohimbine (5) and reserpiline (6). Given orally, alkaloids 3-6 showed significant antipsychotic activity in a dose dependent manner. None of the extract, alkaloidal fractions or alkaloids showed any extra pyramidal symptoms at the tested doses. It was also observed that MeOH extract was behaving similar to other clinically used novel atypical antipsychotics in having 5-HT(2A) occupancy greater than the DA-D(2) receptor at the tested doses. Further toxicity and safety evaluation studies of MeOH extracts of R. tetraphylla leaves at different doses (10, 100, 300 and 2000 mg/kg) on female Swiss albino mice showed that MeOH extract is non toxic. The isolated alkaloids, 3-6 could serve as a promising lead structure for drug development of treating psychotic conditions in human.  相似文献