Biological characteristics of Pestalotiopsis versicolor，the agent of bayberry twig blight in Southern China     

REN Hai    ying  LI Gang  QI Xing    jiang  WEI Ji    guang  LIANG Sen    miao  ZHENG Xi    liang  YAN Li    jyu  ZHU Xiao    ting 《浙江农业学报》2013,25(6):0

To study the biological characters of Pestalotiopsis versicolor, one of the agents of bayberry twig blight disease, the effects of media type, carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） sources, temperature, pH, and light on P. versicolor were examined to determine optimal conditions for mycelial growth and sporulation. Three independent isolates showed a similar trend of growth and sporulation with different C and N sources. However, the growth rates varied significantly among seven agar media. Fungal growth rates were the highest on potato dextrose agar （PDA） and potato sucrose agar （PSA）. The fungi grew fast on bayberry fruit extract agar （BFA） but sparsely. Growth rates were moderate on oatmeal agar （OMA） and Czapek\|Dox agar （CDA）, and low on bayberry leaf extract agar （BLA） and bayberry branch extract agar （BBA）. Sucrose, dextrose, maltose, lactose, mannose, levulose, sorbose, and starch were optimal carbon sources, whereas glycerol and ribose were moderate, and xylose was poor for the fungus. Potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and all of the amino acids tested （i.e. cysteine, glycine, tyrosine, histidine, alanine, arginine, glutamate, and proline）, were good sources of nitrogen for the fungus. Growth occurred between 10 and 30℃ and was optimal between 25 and 28℃. Growth was normal and no significant difference between pH 5 to 10 was found. The quantity of conidia from two isolates （XJ27 and XJ42） on PDA after 10 days growth under light was significantly greater （P< 0001） than that under darkness. In contrast, sporulation of the other isolate, RA2\|1, was unaffected by light. P. versicolor has wide adaptivity to media, carbon, nitrogen, temperature and pH, while light influences sporulation of some isolates. These results will be helpful to understand the epidemiology of the disease and to develop a reasonable disease management strategy in reforestation areas.  相似文献   

Modelling of pH effects and CIE L*a*b*colour spaces of beech wood-inhabiting fungi by NIRS     

Thierry Koumbi-Mounanga  Daniela Tudor  Brigitte Leblon  Kevin Groves  Paul A. Cooper  Tony Ung 《Wood material science & engineering》2018,13(4):204-221

A combination of statistical techniques of analyses were used to evaluate the potential of International Commission on Illumination (CIE) lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) colour space system and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess surface changes in relation with progressive decay of beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) by wood-inhabiting lignicolous fungi Inonotus hispidus, Trametes versicolor and Xylaria polymorpha. pH effects based modelling predictions of beech earlywood and latewood tissues were also included. Multivariate analysis techniques included response surface optimization, sample-specific standard error of prediction (SEP) method and projection to latent structures partial least squares (PLS) regression. Strong statistical relationships were derived for pH predictions with R² values ranged: from 0.77 to 0.84 for I. hispidus; from 0.77 to 0.84 for T. versicolor and from 0.83 to 0.91 for X. polymorpha. R² values for CIE-based L*a*b* colour space measurements ranged: from 0.43 to 0.69 (L*), 0.66 to 0.76 (a*), 0.42 to 0.53 (b*) for I. hispidus; from 0.59 to 0.69 (L*), 0.69 to 0.79 (a*), 0.64 to 0.79 (b*) for T. versicolor; and from 0.51 to 0.75 (L*), 0.89 to 0.94 (a*), 0.85 to 0.89 (b*) for X. polymorpha. Multivariate technical analysis (response surface analysis, sample-specific SEP, PLS regression) of CIE L*a*b* system and NIRS results should be able to characterize pH effects and surface changes of wood spalted by lignicolous fungi as a quick and reliable non-destructive method relevant to wood-spalting concerns and the forest products industry.  相似文献   

Microbial population in rotten living body of Salix matsudana     

邹莉  池玉杰  席苏桦 《林业研究》1999,10(4)

lntroductionSofar,veryfewtheoreticaIstudiesonwood-rothavebeenreported.Duringthepastlongtime,theproceduresofwood-rottingweredividedintothreestagesfrotincipientstage,fromhyphaeintrusiontowoodremarkabIediscoloration,rotmiddlestage,fromwooddiscolorationtotheevidentchangeofwoodtopography;rotendstage,fromthesecondstagetowoodradicaIdecomposition.Accordingtothistheory,wooddiscoIorationwasoffenregardedaswood-rot.ActualIy,wooddiscoIorationisacommonphenomenon,whichcanbecausedbytheintrusionofwood-rottin…  相似文献   

Microbial population in rotten living body ofSalix matsudana     

Zou Li  Chi Yujie 《林业研究》1999,10(4):251-253

The microbial population in rotten living body ofSalix matsudana caused byTrametes suaveolens (L.) was researched. 11 bacteria species (1 species ofBacillus, 2 species ofClostridium and 8 species of non-brood-cell bacteria), 1 species ofActinomyces that belongs to Lavendulac, 8 species of fungi and 6 species ofTrichoderma were isolated from rotten trunk. The hyphae ofTrametes suaveolens mainly existed between rotten sections and discoloration sections. In over-rotten section and healthy section the fungi (Trametes suaveolens) were not isolated. The microbes that lived in the discoloration section were the most in kinds and number and they were the pioneer microbes of wood rotting. Only after they dwelled in wood and eliminated its rot-resistance, could wood-rotting fungi invade wood and caused wood-rotting. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong  相似文献   

稻赤斑黑沫蝉的发生成因和控防对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐春生  高家樟  黄珍龙  江毛生  唐春莲  刘铁桥  罗学义 《中国植保导刊》1999,(2)

分析了稻赤斑黑沫蝉的发生特点和原因,提出了以农业防治为基础,铲除田埂山边杂草,搞好品种布局,注重预测预报,选择呋喃丹防治若虫、三唑磷防治成虫的控防对策,具有良好的防效。  相似文献   

杂色云芝漆酶粗酶液对对苯二酚的降解及动力学分析     

汪伦记  李爱疆  吴坤  翟旭丽 《河南科技大学学报(农学版)》2003,23(3):44-48

用杂色云芝产的漆酶粗酶液进行了对对苯二酚的降解及降解动力学的研究。结果表明：杂色云芝漆酶粗酶液对对苯二酚有较强的降解能力；杂色云芝漆酶粗酶液对对苯二酚的降解反应符合一级动力学特征。在不同的底物浓度下，具有不同的方程参数值。  相似文献   

白腐菌(Trametes pubescens MB89)漆酶的培养与纯化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张莉  李志西  贾志宽 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,36(7):196-200

【目的】通过培养白腐菌Trametes pubescens提取胞外漆酶。【方法】以白腐菌T.pubescensMB89为漆酶培养菌,在25℃120 r/min条件下用基础GP液体培养基(300 mL培养基中含40 g/L丙三醇、15 g/L蛋白胨和1 g/LMgSO4.7 H2O)进行胞外漆酶的震荡培养,培养10 d后,添加CuSO4.5 H2O使培养基中Cu2+的最终浓度达1 mmol/L。定时测定漆酶活力,于漆酶活力开始下降时终止培养。将菌体破碎、离心后,用DEAE-Ssepharose对获得的漆酶进行分离和纯化。【结果】在以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基中添加一定浓度的Cu2+,可促进菌体的生长和漆酶活力的增加。培养前10 d,漆酶活力增加缓慢,培养10 d后添加CuSO4.5 H2O,漆酶活力快速增加,并于培养的第19天达到最大,为51.70 U/mL。用超滤方法分离纯化漆酶,可使漆酶纯度达53%。【结论】T.pubescensMB89可作为生产漆酶的菌种,在漆酶培养过程中,Cu2+对漆酶活力的增加有促进作用。  相似文献   

枸杞子水提物对采绒革盖菌木质纤维素酶和木质素酶活性的影响     

王宜磊  周长路 《食用菌学报》2000,7(1):23-26

以梯度试验方法研究了采绒革盖菌（Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｕｓ ｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒ）在含不同量枸杞子（Ｌｙｃｉｕｍ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅ）水煎液的ＰＤＹ液体培养基中生长时,纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、木质素酶（漆酶、邻苯二酚氧化酶、愈创木酚氧化酶）活性的变化。结果表明,培养基中含有４％￣５％的枸杞子水提物能明显促进菌丝体生长,显著增强胞内和胞外酶活性。  相似文献   

绒毛栓孔菌液体培养过程中胞外酶活性的研究     

司静  崔宝凯 《广西农业生物科学》2012,31(1):70-77

本研究以绒毛栓孔菌为材料,采用液体培养的方法分析其在发酵过程中胞外酶的活性变化,并对其菌丝体生物量和发酵液pH值进行了测定。结果表明：胞外酶活性与菌丝体生长状况密切相关。菌丝体生物量增长呈＂S＂型,6～8d增长最快,第12天达到最大值,在此过程中漆酶、锰过氧化物酶、淀粉酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、果胶酶和蛋白酶活性均出现高峰。酶活性的变化表明,在液体培养过程中绒毛栓孔菌首先分解木质素,其次利用淀粉和纤维素作为碳源,蛋白质作为氮源。若要获得最大菌丝体生物量,缩短培养时间,就必须在培养过程中保证碳氮源的均衡供给。本试验说明不同的酶其分泌高峰期可以作为判断菌丝体营养利用情况和培养周期的依据,以此获取最大菌丝体生物量,为工业生产利用奠定基础。  相似文献   

早稻穗期赤斑黑沫蝉危害损失及防治指标研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐春生  罗学义 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,21(5):427-431

笼罩接虫试验表明，水稻穗期受赤斑黑沫蝉危害后造成产量损失的主要原因是水稻受害叶面积和秕谷率增加，并得出了早稻穗期产量损失（ｙ）与每丛禾赫斑黑沫蝉数量（ｘ）的回归方程，根据目前稻谷价格、防治费用等，导出赤斑黑沫蝉防治指为每丛禾０．２３头，经大田验证，与实际基本相符。  相似文献