元谋干热河谷山地植被修复区土壤种子库研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

罗辉  王克勤 《中国水土保持科学》2006,4(1):87-91

 为了解干热河谷不同植被修复方法的土壤种子库的变化模式,采用对不同处理地段(包括水平阶间坡面、自然坡面、沟底)和对照(放牧地)的土壤种子库组成、大小进行比较研究的方法,研究元谋干热河谷山地植被修复区的土壤种子库。结果表明:1)植被修复区土壤种子库密度、丰富度均大于对照区;2)修复区内第2年土壤种子库密度、丰富度均大于第1年;3)水平阶间坡面和各类型间的土壤种子库密度差异显著;4)种子库中草本植物占很大比例;5)孔颖草和扭黄茅是种子库2大优势种。研究项目所采取植被修复措施在很大程度上改善土壤种子库的数量结构和物种组成。  相似文献   

浙江安吉主要植被类型根系分布特征研究     

陈三雄  谢莉  张金池  张晓勉 《亚热带水土保持》2008,20(4):1-4

采用土柱法对黄浦江源区—浙江省安吉县主要植被类型林木细根分布特征进行了研究,结果表明：不同植被类型细根分布有较大差异,茶园、毛竹林、灌木林的根长、根表面积都要明显高于其他几种植被类型,而落阔林的根体积最大,常阔林的根重最大;细根随土层深度的增加而减少,林地细根主要分布在0-40cm土层。草地主要分布在0-30cm土层,这对抵抗径流侵蚀、保持水土资源具有重要意义;各样地根长均以〈0．5mm径级的根长含量最高,0．5-1mm径级次之,而2-5mm径级的最少。根系体积和根重具有相同的分布趋势。大小顺序均为：2—5mm〉1—2mm〉0．5-1mm〉0．5mm,与根长的分布状况正好相反。不同径级根表面积分布差异较大。  相似文献   

Estimating chlorophyll content from hyperspectral vegetation indices: Modeling and validation   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Chaoyang Wu  Zheng Niu  Quan Tang  Wenjiang Huang 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2008,148(8-9):1230-1241

Leaf chlorophyll content, a good indicator of photosynthesis activity, mutations, stress and nutritional state, is of special significance to precision agriculture. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of retrieval of chlorophyll content from hyperspectral vegetation indices composed by the reflectance of specific bands. In this paper, a set of vegetation indices belonged to three classes (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), modified simple ratio (MSR) index and the modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index (MCARI, TCARI) and the integrated forms (MCARI/OSAVI and TCARI/OSAVI)) were tested using the PROSPECT and SAIL models to explore their potentials in chlorophyll content estimation. Different bands combinations were also used to derive the modified vegetation indices. In the sensitivity study, four new formed indices (MSR[705,750], MCARI[705,750], TCARI/OSAVI[705,750] and MCARI/OSAVI[705,750]) were proved to have better linearity with chlorophyll content and resistant to leaf area index (LAI) variations by taking into account the effect of quick saturation at 670 nm with relatively low chlorophyll content. Validation study was also conducted at canopy scale using the ground truth data in the growth duration of winter wheat (chlorophyll content and reflectance data). The results showed that the integrated indices TCARI/OSAVI[705,750] and MCARI/OSAVI[705,750] are most appropriate for chlorophyll estimation with high correlation coefficients R² of 0.8808 and 0.9406, respectively, because more disturbances such as shadow, soil reflectance and nonphotosynthetic materials are taken into account. The high correlation between the vegetation indices obtained in the developmental stages of wheat and Hyperion data (R² of 0.6798 and 0.7618 for TCARI/OSAVI[705,750] and MCARI/OSAVI[705,750], respectively) indicated that these two integrated index can be used in practice to estimate the chlorophylls of different types of corns.  相似文献   

青藏铁路格唐段高海拔地区植被恢复研究——I高寒草原植被现状与恢复基本途径探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈志国  周国英  陈桂琛  卢学峰  宋文珠  畅喜云  刘永安 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(23):6283-6285

青藏铁路的修建加强了西藏与内地的联系,对其经济发展、社会稳定具有重要的意义。但在修建过程中不可避免地对沿线的局部植被生态系统造成不同程度影响和破坏,如何尽快恢复植被生态系统至关重要。对青藏铁路青海境内的高海拔的气候条件及现有植被状况作了统计调查,提出尊重科学,因地制宜的指导原则,恢复与重建的工作一起抓:一方面要增强环保意识,加强管理,综合治理;另一方面通过原有草皮回植,科学管理以及异地繁殖当地草种等途径尽快提高地表覆盖度和植物种群多样性,以期达到最佳的生态效应。  相似文献   

木麻黄基干林带修复改造中优良品系的选择     

王小红 《防护林科技》2021,(1):22-23

海岸风口基干林带修复除木麻黄(Casuarina equisetifolia)外尚无可替代树种,选择抗性优良的木麻黄品系是基干林带修复的关键环节.通过对"惠-1"木麻黄、圆头木麻黄、千头木麻黄、铺地木麻黄等4个品系进行造林和抗风试验,比较几个品系在风口最前沿、近风口的生长和抗风表现,结果表明:风口基干林带修复采用"惠 ...  相似文献   

Soil erosion and redistribution on cultivated and uncultivated land near las bardenas in the central Ebro river Basin,Spain     

T. A. Quine  A. Navas  D. E. Walling  J. Machin 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1994,5(1):41-55

The semiarid regions of Spain, including the central part of the Ebro River basin, are under threat due to desertification. Severe erosion, as a result of poor land management, has led to degradation of the soil resource, and there is a clear need for quantitative erosion rate data to evaluate the problem. This study aimed to examine the potential for using caesium-137 to identify the patterns and rates of soil erosion and redistribution within this semiarid environment. Samples for the determination of caesium-137 were collected from uncultivated slopes and cultivated valley floor sites near the head and outlet of a small representative basin in the Las Bardenas area. The measured patterns of caesium-137 mobilization, redistribution and export provide a semiquantitative indication of the variation in erosion within the study site. Calibration of the caesium-137 measurements, taking account of the differing behaviour of radiocaesium on cultivated and uncultivated land, allows estimation of the actual rates of erosion and deposition involved. The results show (1) the erosion rates on the cultivated land (1.6–2.5 kg m⁻² yr⁻¹) are typically more than five times those seen on the uncultivated land (0.2–0.4 kg m⁻² yr⁻¹), and (2) erosion on the uncultivated land is significantly less severe at the head of the basin than at the outlet. Study of the vegetation cover suggests that lower growing shrubs and grasses may be more effective in reducing erosion in this environment than trees.  相似文献   

河南省国家湿地公园建设管理措施与成效分析          下载免费PDF全文

彭颖  赵站超  张校会  李亚宾  刘冰许  王艺伟  姜振伟  吴向格 《林业调查规划》2022,(5):122-126

国家级湿地公园机制运行具有有效整合“脆弱”湿地,提高湿地及其周围环境的自然生产力, 保障湿地公园规范运行,管理有效,进行湿地红线管理,牢牢守护生态红线的优势。以伊川县伊河国家湿地公园为典型案例,从“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展”的国家战略、湿地生态系统、科普宣教、经济社会等角度分析了河南省国家级湿地公园建设的举措、管理方法以及取得的成效,为湿地公园建设提供借鉴。  相似文献   

鱼类栖息地保护技术研究进展     

洪玉珍  孟顺龙  陈家长 《农学学报》2023,13(3):82-87

为进一步促进鱼类栖息地保护与修复工作的深入开展以及保护技术的推广应用,综述了国内外鱼类栖息地评估方法和保护与修复技术的发展概况,归纳了常用的鱼类栖息地评估方法,总结了鱼类栖息地保护与修复项目中运用的技术,分析了现有保护措施存在的问题,提出了较全面的鱼类栖息地评估方法和修复措施的建议,以期为从事鱼类栖息地保护与修复工作的技术人员提供技术参考。  相似文献   

Field measurement of the sheltering effect of vegetation on erodible land surfaces     

P. H. Stockton  D. A. Gillette 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1990,2(2):77-85

Natural vegetation on erodible land surfaces, such as the loose sandy soils found in the southwestern United States and in Soviet Central Asia, absorbs part of the wind momentum flux (stress) and thus protects the erodible soil to a degree that depends on the geometry of plant distribution and profile. The sheltering effect of natural plants may be expressed as the ratio, R, of threshold friction velocity for the bare soil (determined in the laboratory or in specially prepared areas of bare soil in the field) to that for the naturally vegetated surface. We used new automated instrumentation to detect erosion thresholds in locations where erosion events are widely separated in time. Measured values of R were low for our most vegetated sites and nearer unity for the sparsely vegetated site.  相似文献   

Long-term consequences of topsoil mining on select biological and physical characteristics of two New Zealand loessial soils under grazed pasture     

P. B. S. Hart  J. A. August  A. W. West 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1989,1(2):77-88

Soil chemical, biochemical, biological and structural properties were measured in two New Zealand loessial soils that were topsoil-mined 10 and 25 years ago respectively. Measurements at the 10-year site were compared to some earlier measurements made at this site and the data combined in a chronological sequence for analysis. Topsoil mining had a large, detrimental impact on the soil microbial biomass, the earthworm populations, easily mineralizable N and soil enzyme activities. However, most of these properties substantially recovered, to 80-90 per cent of the levels in unmined soils, within 10-25 years of restoration under pasture. In contrast, while total soil C and N were less affected by topsoil mining, their recovery was much slower. Stabilities of macro-aggregates of soil had fully recovered within 10-25 years after topsoil mining. The apparent changes in all the measured properties between 10 and 25 years of restoration were small in comparison with changes between 0-10 years of restoration after topsoil mining. The total C content of both soils under pasture appeared unlikely to attain the levels present in unmined soils. In soils undergoing restoration, the ratio of microbial C/total soil C may be a useful index of soil ‘biological stability’. Sulphatase activity may reflect the recovery of pasture production.  相似文献