太行山区浆水镇土地资源优化配置研究     

谢家祜  贾国银 《河北林果研究》1989,(4)

山区土地资源优化配置的主体核心是确定各种农作物、林果、牧草资源的占地比例及规模。装水镇土地资源优化配置利用方向,在于建设发展以板栗、苹果为主的林果生产基地,畜牧养殖业在于发展以消耗饲草为主的大牲畜(主要是牛)和山羊,另外,种植在5级地上的粮食作物,应以旱作为主。  相似文献   

川南几种竹种退耕还林植被恢复研究     

何亚平  费世民  蒋俊明  陈秀明  余英  朱维双  王帅 《四川林业科技》2006,27(6):7-13

本文用空间代时间的方法研究了长宁县竹林退耕还林在时间序列上的植被恢复特点。除毛竹外,和一般树种相比,竹类恢复为森林的时间较短,3 a~5 a即可成林。但竹种类型间成林速度存在差异,丛生竹成林最快,散生竹较慢。梁山慈竹和硬头黄竹退耕后可以一次成林,毛竹退耕可先进行农林复合经营直到群落郁闭。随着竹林的恢复,草本层生物量逐渐减少,地被物层生物量增加,各竹种新生个体的生态位逐渐扩大。人工栽植5 a的毛竹扩散规律研究结果表明,随着毛竹栽植时间的延伸,毛竹产生的新竹数目增多,个体变大,距离变远(170 cm),也存在大小年变化。人工促进竹林植被恢复速度明显较快。  相似文献   

桃金娘澄清果汁的研制     

刘芳  邓毓芳 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(4)

对桃金娘澄清果汁的加工工艺进行试验研究，是在对桃金娘果实的主要化学成分及其加工特性进行分析的基础上进行的，主要包括多种果汁澄清方法的对比试验研究以及采用正交试验与模糊综合评判相结合的方法所进行的果汁配方优化组合研究并研制出了桃金娘澄清果汁的最优配方及科学合理的加工工艺．  相似文献   

Impact of Land Tenure Change on Land Use     

LI Tiehua XIANG Wenhua XU Guozhen ZENG Guangzheng School of Resource  Environment  Central-south Forestry University  Changsha  P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2005,4(2):82-86

China is a public ownership country. At present, theownership of land belongs to the country andcollectivity. In China, the meaning of ownership ofland is the light that the owners of land can possessthe land, use the land, get some interest from the landand deal with the land according to laws. The 4 sectionsof ownership of land can either be combined or beseparated to carry out. In practice, these 4 sections ofownership are usually separated to carry out. The tenureof land is an independent…  相似文献   

金沙江干热河谷生态问题与退耕还林技术模式的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

杨再强  谢以萍 《四川林勘设计》2003,(4):28-33

通过对金沙江干热河谷生态环境和经营条件分析，提出适合金沙江流域不同海拔和立地条件的退耕还林的技术模式，论述了经济林模式、生态林模式、用材林模式和林草混交立体模式的适用立地条件、造林树种、经营技术及经济效益。  相似文献   

Land tenure and farm management efficiency: The case of smallholder rubber production in customary land areas of Sumatra   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

S. Suyanto  T. P. Tomich  K. Otsuka 《Agroforestry Systems》2001,50(2):145-160

This study assesses the impact of land tenure institutions on the efficiency of farm management based on a case study of rubber production in customary land areas of Sumatra, Indonesia. Using the modes of land acquisition as measures of land tenure institutions, we estimated tree planting, revenue, income, and short-run profit functions, and internal rates of return to tree planting on smallholder rubber fields. We find generally insignificant differences in the incidence of tree planting and management efficiency (defined as residual profits) of rubber production between newly emerging private ownership and customary ownership. This is consistent with our hypothesis that tree planting confers stronger individual rights, if land rights are initially weak (as in the case of family land under customary land tenure systems). On the other hand, short-term profits are higher on land that is rented through share tenancy. This result indicates that rubber trees are over-exploited under renting arrangements due partly to the short-run nature of the land tenancy contracts and partly to the difficulty landowners face in supervising tapping activities of tenants in spatially dispersed rubber fields. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Alley cropping of sorghum with Leucaena during the post-rainy season on Vertisols in semi-arid India     

G. R. Korwar  G. D. Radder 《Agroforestry Systems》1997,37(3):265-277

A field experiment was conducted for two years (1989– 1991) on a Vertisol in Bijapur, India in a split-plot design, replicated four times, to evaluate the potential of alley cropping post-rainy season sorghum between Leucaena hedgerows. Leucaena produced on average 2.74 t per ha of prunings and 1.57 t per ha of wood annually. Alley cropping decreased sorghum yields by 28 to 45% when all Leucaena prunings were removed from the system and by 21 to 24%, when on average 1.92 t per ha prunings were applied to the soil annually. The reduction of sorghum yield increased as higher rates of N were applied to sorghum. Although alley cropping increased organic carbon by 21% and available N by 19% at the time of crop sowing, it did not result in increased crop yields because of competition for water between hedgerows and crops. Calculation of land equivalent ratios based on total Leucaena biomass indicated that alley cropping was more productive than sole cropping of sorghum only in one year, and that, too, when no N was applied to sorghum. Therefore, alley cropping of Vertisols with post-rainy season sorghum is not likely to have any advantage in the short term. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

基于遥感与GIS的临淄区土地利用变化与生态环境效应研究     

齐学蕾  常军 《绿色科技》2020,(6):8-13

根据临淄区2008年、2012年和2018年三期土地利用数据,利用地理信息软件对2008-2018年这10年间临淄区的土地利用变化和生态环境效应进行了计算分析。结果表明:研究区2008~2018年主要土地利用类型为耕地和建设用地。10年间,草地和建设用地的面积增加,耕地、林地、水域和其他用地的面积减小,耕地减少的面积最大,建设用地增加的面积最多。草地增加的面积主要来自耕地和林地,建设用地主要来自耕地;耕地和水域为生态高敏感类型,林地为中敏感,草地低敏感,建设用地和其他用地不敏感。2008~2018年期间的土地利用类型变化导致临淄区中高风险、较高风险和低风险区域的面积不断增加,而中风险和低风险的面积不断减少,临淄区区域总体生态风险增加;10年间,生态环境质量指数逐年下降,2008~2012年,耕地转换为建设用地是生态环境质量恶化的主要因子,耕地转换为草地是生态环境质量改善的主要因子;2012~2018年,草地转换为建设用地是生态环境质量恶化的主要因子,建设用地转换为耕地是生态环境质量改善的主要因子。  相似文献   

Effects of different soil treatments on growth and net nitrogen uptake of newly planted Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings     

Fredrik Nordborg  Urban Nilsson  Gran rlander 《Forest Ecology and Management》2003,180(1-3):571-582

Five soil treatments in a 4-year-old clearcut in southern Sweden affected biomass increase and net nitrogen uptake by planted Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings through their on net mineralisation and root growth. The patch soil treatments studied were: (i) soil inversion in an old clearcut; (ii) mineral soil from the clearcut remaining, (iii) mineral soil from the clearcut with fertiliser application during the first season; (iv) mineral soil from a nearby uncut forest replacing the clearcut mineral soil; and (v) an untreated control. Growth increased in seedlings in treatments (i) and (iii), but growth in soil treatments with humus removal was not better than that of seedlings in untreated soil. High N uptake early in the first growing season resulted in increased growth during this season in contrast to late N uptake that resulted in a high N concentration in the seedlings after the first growing season. This in turn led to a high growth rate during the next growing season. Generally, both root growth and net N mineralisation were positively correlated to N uptake in the soil treatments. Therefore, a combination of low net N mineralisation and poor root growth as a result of high soil density appears to explain the low N uptake in seedlings in undisturbed soil. The importance of competition with field vegetation for N and water was not clear. Net mineralisation was larger in soil treatments where the humus layer was retained than where it was removed. Net N mineralisation in soil from old clearcuts was the same as in soil from fresh clearcuts.  相似文献   

沙地樟子松树坨移栽技术研究     

尤国春 《防护林科技》2002,(4):14-16

为提高沙地大树移栽成活率 ,尽快成林 ,本文论述了沙地移栽大树坨成败因素、方法 ,提出樟子松树坨以 6～ 8年生为最佳 ,超过 10a不宜移栽。同时提出沙地树坨移栽的 2种新方法  相似文献